{"id":10019,"date":"2023-08-08T16:40:26","date_gmt":"2023-08-08T16:40:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/?p=10019"},"modified":"2023-08-08T16:40:26","modified_gmt":"2023-08-08T16:40:26","slug":"jak-vysvetlit-cizincum-podstatu-ruske-valky-proti-ukrajine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/jak-vysvetlit-cizincum-podstatu-ruske-valky-proti-ukrajine\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak vysv\u011btlit cizinc\u016fm podstatu rusk\u00e9 v\u00e1lky proti Ukrajin\u011b"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ukrajinci, kte\u0159\u00ed si na\u0161li \u00fato\u010di\u0161t\u011b v\u00a0Evrop\u011b, pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed pomoc v\u00a0debat\u00e1ch s\u00a0Evropany, kte\u0159\u00ed nech\u00e1pou, pro\u010d Rusko Ukrajinu napadlo a pro\u010d Ukrajinci nejsou ochotni k\u00a0\u017e\u00e1dn\u00fdm \u00fastupk\u016fm. Zkusili jsme vypracovat pokud mo\u017eno co nejstru\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 vysv\u011btlen\u00ed.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Stru\u010dn\u011b: Rusov\u00e9 kolonizovali sousedn\u00ed zem\u011b v\u00a0Evrop\u011b a Asii. Rusk\u00e1 literatura to op\u011bvovala a st\u00e1le op\u011bvuje. Na oslavov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fazemn\u00edch zisk\u016f a na my\u0161lence, \u017ee Rusov\u00e9 jsou n\u011bco lep\u0161\u00edho ne\u017e ti, komu \u201ep\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed kulturu\u201c (dobyvatel\u00e9 jsou vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed sorta lid\u00ed ne\u017e ti pora\u017een\u00ed), vyr\u016fst\u00e1 ka\u017ed\u00e1 generace Rus\u016f.<\/p>\n

K\u00a0protikoloni\u00e1ln\u00edmu p\u0159ehodnocen\u00ed rusk\u00e9 kultury nikdy nedo\u0161lo, a rusk\u00fdm intelektu\u00e1l\u016fm a liber\u00e1ln\u00edm opozi\u010dn\u00edk\u016fm st\u00e1le nedoch\u00e1z\u00ed, \u017ee to pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed.<\/p>\n

T\u00edm lze vysv\u011btlit, pro\u010d v\u011bt\u0161ina Rus\u016f v\u00e1lku proti Ukrajin\u011b podporuje, co\u017e dokl\u00e1d\u00e1 pr\u016fzkum od rusk\u00e9ho sociologick\u00e9ho Levada centra<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Na Z\u00e1pad\u011b to v\u0161ak nech\u00e1pou, proto\u017ee si neuv\u011bdomuj\u00ed, co je Rusko doopravdy a v\u00a0\u010dem se li\u0161\u00ed od image, kter\u00e9 bylo po stalet\u00ed pe\u010dliv\u011b budov\u00e1no. Tak\u00e9 na Z\u00e1pad\u011b ne v\u017edy ch\u00e1pou, co je Ukrajina. Vysv\u011btleme tedy kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 fakta k\u00a0Rusku a Ukrajin\u011b.<\/p>\n

1. Ukrajina v\u017edy bojovala o samostatnost<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Ukrajina se stala sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed Moskovie v\u00a0polovin\u011b 17.\u00a0stolet\u00ed v\u00a0d\u016fsledku dohody mezi hejtmanem Ukrajiny Bohdanem Chmelnick\u00fdm a moskevsk\u00fdm carem Alexejem Michajlovi\u010dem. Chmelnick\u00fd se k\u00a0tomu odhodlal, proto\u017ee s\u00e1m nebyl schopen vyhr\u00e1t v\u00e1lku proti Polsko-litevsk\u00e9 unii. C\u00edlem t\u00e9to v\u00e1lky s\u00a0Pol\u00e1ky byla autonomie Ukrajiny a v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pr\u00e1va.<\/p>\n

Dohoda s\u00a0Moskovi\u00ed po\u010d\u00edtala s\u00a0rozs\u00e1hlou autonomi\u00ed, nicm\u00e9n\u011b po Chmelnick\u00e9ho smrti za\u010dalo doch\u00e1zet k\u00a0postupn\u00e9mu kr\u00e1cen\u00ed pr\u00e1v. S\u00a0kone\u010dnou platnost\u00ed Rusko Ukrajinu pohltilo v\u00a0roce 1709, kdy se ukrajinsk\u00fd hejtman Ivan Mazepa p\u0159idal v\u00a0Severn\u00ed v\u00e1lce na stranu \u0161v\u00e9dsk\u00e9ho kr\u00e1le Karla\u00a0XII. a prohr\u00e1l. Odtehdy zapo\u010dala rychl\u00e1 likvidace ukrajinsk\u00e9 autonomie.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0druh\u00e9 polovin\u011b 19.\u00a0stolet\u00ed, kdy tzv. n\u00e1rodn\u00ed obrozen\u00ed zachv\u00e1tilo n\u00e1rody St\u0159edn\u00ed Evropy, mj. Ukrajinu, za\u010dalo Rusko soustavn\u011b zakazovat ukrajinsk\u00fd jazyk.<\/p>\n

Nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho ukrajinsk\u00e9ho b\u00e1sn\u00edka Tarase \u0160ev\u010denka, kter\u00fd se narodil na za\u010d\u00e1tku 19.\u00a0stolet\u00ed, nechala rusk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da t\u0159ikr\u00e1t zatknout a poslat na vojenskou slu\u017ebu do kaza\u0161sk\u00e9 pou\u0161t\u011b.<\/p>\n

Nicm\u00e9n\u011b Ukrajinci i v\u00a0t\u011bchto podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch rozvinuli sv\u016fj spisovn\u00fd jazyk a vytvo\u0159ili n\u00e1rodn\u00ed literaturu. \u0160lo o\u00a0dlouh\u00fd a vy\u010derp\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed protikoloni\u00e1ln\u00ed boj. Rusk\u00e1 politika v\u00a0Ukrajin\u011b se v\u00a0ni\u010dem neli\u0161ila od politiky evropsk\u00fdch koloniz\u00e1tor\u016f v\u00a0zaoce\u00e1nsk\u00fdch koloni\u00edch.<\/p>\n

Jsou tu v\u0161ak podstatn\u00e9 rozd\u00edly ve vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed: Ukrajinu od Ruska neodd\u011blovalo mo\u0159e, Ukrajinci a Rusov\u00e9 maj\u00ed stejnou barvu pleti a stejn\u00e9 pravoslavn\u00e9 vyzn\u00e1n\u00ed. I kdyby tedy byl Z\u00e1pad o\u00a0ukrajinsk\u00e9m boji v\u011bd\u011bl, ka\u017edop\u00e1dn\u011b ho nevn\u00edmal jako protikoloni\u00e1ln\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Vedle boje za jazyk a identitu doch\u00e1zelo v\u00a0Ukrajin\u011b k\u00a0lidov\u00fdm povst\u00e1n\u00edm proti nevolnictv\u00ed a t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdm \u017eivotn\u00edm podm\u00ednk\u00e1m. Tento z\u00e1pas vyvrcholil vyhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00edm Ukrajinsk\u00e9 lidov\u00e9 republiky (ULR) v\u00a0roce 1918.<\/p>\n

Arm\u00e1da ULR v\u00e1l\u010dila proti bol\u0161evik\u016fm, vojsk\u016fm stoupenc\u016f carsk\u00e9ho Ruska (tzv. B\u00edl\u00e9 gard\u011b) a Pol\u00e1k\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed si n\u00e1rokovali \u010d\u00e1st Ukrajiny. Bol\u0161evici s\u00a0c\u00edlem naklonit si Ukrajince vytvo\u0159ili Ukrajinskou sov\u011btskou socialistickou republiku. Kdy\u017e se nadvl\u00e1da Moskvy upevnila, byli l\u00edd\u0159i USSR popraveni a ukrajinsk\u00fd venkov musel \u010delit um\u011ble vyvolan\u00e9mu hladomoru, kdy zem\u0159elo na 4\u00a0miliony Ukrajinc\u016f. T\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161echny kulturn\u00ed osobnosti byly rovn\u011b\u017e povra\u017ed\u011bny, p\u0159e\u017eili jen ti, kte\u0159\u00ed se v\u010das p\u0159izp\u016fsobili a za\u010dali vychvalovat Komunistickou stranu a \u201estar\u0161\u00edho rusk\u00e9ho bratra\u201c. Tomuto jevu se dnes \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Popraven\u00e9 obrozen\u00ed<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Po p\u00e1du ULR v\u00a0meziv\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9m obdob\u00ed vznik\u00e1 nov\u00e9 hnut\u00ed za obnoven\u00ed ukrajinsk\u00e9 samostatnosti. Dod\u00e1no na \u017e\u00e1dost \u010dten\u00e1\u0159\u016f: 30.\u00a0\u010dervna 1941 samozvan\u00e1 vl\u00e1da z\u00a0\u010dlen\u016f Organizace ukrajinsk\u00fdch nacionalist\u016f vyhl\u00e1sila obnoven\u00ed ukrajinsk\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu, kv\u016fli \u010demu\u017e podlehla nacistick\u00fdm repres\u00edm. Ozbrojen\u00fd boj trval za Druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky a po jej\u00edm skon\u010den\u00ed proti v\u0161em nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00fdm s\u00edl\u00e1m, co\u017e v\u00a0letech 1944 a\u017e 1954 zp\u016fsobilo, \u017ee komunist\u00e9 tvrd\u011b perzekuovali p\u016flmilion Ukrajinc\u016f pro pouh\u00e9 podez\u0159en\u00ed, \u017ee k\u00a0tomuto hnut\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed. Ukrajinci, kte\u0159\u00ed m\u011bli zku\u0161enost s\u00a0ozbrojen\u00fdm bojem, podzem\u00edm a organiza\u010dn\u00ed \u010dinnost\u00ed, v\u00a0dob\u011b v\u011bzn\u011bn\u00ed v\u00a0Gulagu vyvolali masov\u00e1 povst\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0subarktick\u00e9m Norilsku a kaza\u0161sk\u00e9m Kengiru. Co\u017e vedlo k\u00a0tomu, \u017ee si sov\u011btsk\u00fd re\u017eim uv\u011bdomil, \u017ee nedok\u00e1\u017ee m\u00edt pod kontrolou ani koncentra\u010dn\u00ed t\u00e1bory, a zp\u016fsobilo tzv. oblevu a odsouzen\u00ed Stalinova kultu osobnosti<\/em>.<\/p>\n

V\u00a01960.\u00a0letech nabylo na s\u00edle ukrajinsk\u00e9 disidentsk\u00e9 hnut\u00ed. Jeho podstata spo\u010d\u00edvala v\u00a0tom, \u017ee ti, kdo nesouhlasili s\u00a0koloni\u00e1ln\u00ed politikou Sov\u011btsk\u00e9ho svazu, otev\u0159en\u011b vyjad\u0159ovali sv\u00e9 n\u00e1zory, i kdy\u017e v\u011bd\u011bli, \u017ee se dostanou do v\u011bzen\u00ed, kde nakonec opravdu skon\u010dili. Dnes se jim \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 \u201e\u0161edes\u00e1tn\u00edci<\/a>\u201c.<\/p>\n

Tito lid\u00e9 se nechali inspirovat neleg\u00e1ln\u011b \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fdm \u010dl\u00e1nkem \u201eInternacionalismus, nebo rusifikace?\u201c z\u00a0pera ukrajinsk\u00e9ho intelektu\u00e1la Ivana Dzjuby, kter\u00fd zde dokazoval, \u017ee pod z\u00e1st\u011brkou tzv. p\u0159\u00e1telstv\u00ed n\u00e1rod\u016f doch\u00e1z\u00ed k\u00a0promy\u0161len\u00e9 rusifikaci. Za \u010dten\u00ed tohoto \u010dl\u00e1nku mohl \u010dlov\u011bk p\u0159ij\u00edt o\u00a0pr\u00e1ci, pokud m\u011bl \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed, ne-li se dostat za m\u0159\u00ed\u017ee.<\/p>\n

Ukrajina proti rusk\u00e9mu kolonialismu bojovala v\u017edy, Z\u00e1pad v\u0161ak tento boj nevn\u00edmal.<\/p>\n

Rusko se tak\u00e9 sna\u017e\u00ed p\u0159ivlastnit si ozna\u010den\u00ed Kyjevsk\u00e1 Rus a od tohoto st\u0159edov\u011bk\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu odvozovat sv\u00e9 d\u011bjiny. Naproti tomu Ukrajina m\u00e1 za to, \u017ee n\u00e1stupkyn\u00ed Rusi je pr\u00e1v\u011b ona. Pro\u010d Kyjevsk\u00e1 Rus nen\u00ed Rusko, dob\u0159e vysv\u011btlil profesor na Yaleov\u011b univerzit\u011b Timothy Snyder ve sv\u00e9m kurzu o\u00a0d\u011bjin\u00e1ch Ukrajiny. Starobyl\u00e9mu Rusku \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 \u201eMongolsk\u00e1 Rus\u201c, tento st\u00e1t byl toti\u017e cca 300\u00a0let sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed Zlat\u00e9 hordy, zat\u00edmco Kyjev mnohem krat\u0161\u00ed dobu. Konspekt p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky o\u00a0Moskevsk\u00e9 Rusi v\u00a0ukrajin\u0161tin\u011b je k\u00a0dispozici zde<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Cel\u00fd cyklus Snyderov\u00fdch p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ek viz zde<\/a> (v\u00a0angli\u010dtin\u011b, titulky k\u00a0dispozici)<\/em>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

2. Despekt v\u016f\u010di osob\u00e1m jin\u00e9 ne\u017e rusk\u00e9 n\u00e1rodnosti v SSSR<\/strong><\/h2>\n

V\u00a0Sov\u011btsk\u00e9m svazu m\u011bli mnoho slov o\u00a0internacion\u00e1ln\u00edm p\u0159\u00e1telstv\u00ed a nemen\u0161\u00ed po\u010det vtip\u016f, kter\u00e9 l\u00ed\u010dily sov\u011btsk\u00e9 ob\u010dany jin\u00e9 ne\u017e rusk\u00e9 n\u00e1rodnosti jako lidi omezen\u00e9 a hloup\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Podn\u011bt k\u00a0zesm\u011b\u0161\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed se na\u0161el pro ka\u017ed\u00e9ho s\u00a0v\u00fdjimkou tzv. star\u0161\u00edho bratra, jak byli v\u00a0SSSR ofici\u00e1ln\u011b naz\u00fdv\u00e1ni Rusov\u00e9. V\u00a0t\u011bchto vtipech nap\u0159. Moldavan\u00e9 za\u0161roubov\u00e1vali \u017e\u00e1rovku v\u00a0p\u011bti, \u010cuk\u010dov\u00e9 jezdili autem na zp\u00e1te\u010dku, Kavkazan\u00e9 praktikovali sexu\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fachylky (v\u00a0sov\u011btsk\u00e9 p\u0159edstav\u011b). Existovaly vtipy i o\u00a0Rusech, kde byli tito konfrontov\u00e1ni s\u00a0\u201eu\u0161lechtil\u00fdmi\u201c n\u00e1rody, tedy Francouzi, Brity nebo Ameri\u010dany, na n\u011b\u017e nakonec v\u017edy vyzr\u00e1li.<\/p>\n

Ukrajinci se dok\u00e1\u017eou pod\u011bli o\u00a0spoustu p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f nad\u0159azen\u00e9ho postoje Rus\u016f, klasick\u00e9ho pro koloniz\u00e1tory. Pr\u00fd m\u00e1te lahodnou kuchyni a p\u011bkn\u00e9 p\u00edsn\u011b, ale v\u00e1\u0161 jazyk je omezen\u00fd, venkovsk\u00fd, ned\u00e1 se v\u00a0n\u011bm mluvit t\u0159eba o\u00a0fyzice.<\/p>\n

Tyto v\u011bci \u0159\u00edkali u\u010ditel\u00e9 p\u0159i v\u00fduce na ukrajinsk\u00fdch \u0161kol\u00e1ch. S\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee o\u00a0\u017e\u00e1dnou vlastn\u00ed kreativitu ne\u0161lo: za jakoukoli odchylku od ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed linie \u010dekaly u\u010ditele v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 pot\u00ed\u017ee. Nezapom\u00ednejme, \u017ee v\u00a0Sov\u011btsk\u00e9m svazu byly v\u00a0ka\u017ed\u00e9 rodin\u011b ob\u011bti repres\u00ed, tedy n\u011bkdo, koho sov\u011btsk\u00fd re\u017eim p\u0159ipravil o\u00a0\u017eivot. Nikdo si necht\u011bl tento osud zopakovat.<\/p>\n

Zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 je, \u017ee \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd stranick\u00fd ani vl\u00e1dn\u00ed dokument neukl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee je t\u0159eba se vysm\u00edvat ukrajin\u0161tin\u011b nebo v\u00a0jin\u00fdch republik\u00e1ch m\u00edstn\u00edm jazyk\u016fm, nicm\u00e9n\u011b na \u0161kol\u00e1ch se to d\u011blalo. Nav\u00edc na sv\u011bdom\u00ed to m\u011bli p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b u\u010ditel\u00e9 ru\u0161tiny, \u010dasto etni\u010dt\u00ed Rusov\u00e9. Chovali se jako typi\u010dt\u00ed koloniz\u00e1to\u0159i, proto\u017ee pr\u00e1v\u011b t\u011bmito byli. Pob\u00edrali vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed platy ne\u017e u\u010ditel\u00e9 n\u00e1rodn\u00edch jazyk\u016f. Podrobn\u011bji se o\u00a0tom do\u010dtete v\u00a0na\u0161em \u010dl\u00e1nku zde<\/a> (anglicky)<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Rusk\u00fd liber\u00e1ln\u00ed novin\u00e1\u0159 Leonid Parfjonov, kter\u00fd po zah\u00e1jen\u00ed invaze do Ukrajiny Rusko opustil, p\u0159i sv\u00e9 anal\u00fdze rusk\u00e9 nad\u0159azenosti a imperialismu vypr\u00e1v\u011bl, \u017ee kdy\u017e byl studentem, nau\u010dil se bulharsky a touto \u0159e\u010d\u00ed komunikoval s\u00a0Bulhary, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159i\u0161li do Ruska studovat v\u00a0r\u00e1mci tzv. internacion\u00e1ln\u00edho p\u0159\u00e1telstv\u00ed. Jeho ru\u0161t\u00ed spolu\u017e\u00e1ci na n\u011bj kv\u016fli tomu napsali ud\u00e1n\u00ed: pr\u00fd podporuje bulharsk\u00fd nacionalismus, mluv\u00ed s\u00a0Bulhary bulharsky. Udava\u010di vych\u00e1zeli z\u00a0logiky, \u017ee kdy\u017e \u201emlad\u0161\u00ed brat\u0159i\u201c (tzv. mlad\u0161\u00edmi bratry byli v\u0161ichni obyvatel\u00e9 SSSR a satelitn\u00edch st\u00e1t\u016f) p\u0159ijeli do Moskvy, pak mus\u00ed mluvit rusky, nehod\u00ed se tedy, aby se jim Rus p\u0159izp\u016fsoboval.<\/p>\n

Tuto nad\u0159azenost Rusov\u00e9 dodnes d\u00e1vaj\u00ed najevo jak v\u016f\u010di Ukrajinc\u016fm, tak v\u016f\u010di jin\u00fdm soused\u016fm, nav\u00edc bez ohledu na sv\u016fj postoj k\u00a0Putinovi. Rusk\u00fd opozi\u010dn\u00edk sice m\u016f\u017ee kritizovat sou\u010dasn\u00fd re\u017eim v\u00a0Kremlu, nicm\u00e9n\u011b bude m\u00edt p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed koloniz\u00e1tora, tud\u00ed\u017e se chovat pohrdav\u011b v\u016f\u010di Ukrajinc\u016fm a tituln\u00edm n\u00e1rod\u016fm zem\u00ed, kter\u00e9 kdysi pat\u0159ily do Sov\u011btsk\u00e9ho svazu. Dne\u0161n\u00ed ru\u0161t\u00ed liber\u00e1lov\u00e9 a opozi\u010dn\u00edci nikdy nezpochyb\u0148uj\u00ed smysluplnost existence rusk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e, nepodporuj\u00ed okupovan\u00e9 n\u00e1rody v\u00a0jejich snah\u00e1ch o\u00a0obrozen\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00ed kultury nebo o\u00a0z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed samospr\u00e1vy.<\/p>\n

T\u0159eba proslul\u00fd sov\u011btsk\u00fd disident Sol\u017eenicyn byl sice odp\u016frcem komunistick\u00e9 diktatury, nicm\u00e9n\u011b zachov\u00e1n\u00ed Rusk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e mu le\u017eelo na srdci. Dne\u0161n\u00ed opozi\u010dn\u00edk Navalnyj podpo\u0159il okupaci Krymu.<\/p>\n

3. Kultovn\u00ed film Bratr 2<\/strong><\/h2>\n

V\u00a0roce 2000 vy\u0161el v\u00a0Rusku ak\u010dn\u00ed film Bratr\u00a02, v\u00a0n\u011bm\u017e podle n\u00e1m\u011btu prost\u00fd rusk\u00fd mlad\u00edk bojuje proti ukrajinsk\u00e9 mafii v\u00a0Chicagu. Z\u00a0filmu se stal kultovn\u00ed trh\u00e1k a z\u00a0v\u00fdroku \u201eVy mizerov\u00e9 mi je\u0161t\u011b zodpov\u00edte za Sevastopol!\u201c obl\u00edben\u00e1 hl\u00e1\u0161ka. V\u00a0Rusku dodnes vych\u00e1zej\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nky, kter\u00e9 ospravedl\u0148uj\u00ed invazi do Ukrajiny citacemi z\u00a0tohoto filmu. D\u016fvodem popularity Bratra\u00a02 je, \u017ee rozezn\u011bl imperialistick\u00e9 struny ve spole\u010dnosti. Hlasy s\u00a0kritick\u00fdm rozborem tohoto filmu se v\u00a0Rusku t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 neozvaly, ani v\u00a0tehdej\u0161\u00ed demokratick\u00e9 dob\u011b. Nen\u00ed divu, film toti\u017e nav\u00e1zal na ruskou kulturn\u00ed tradici, kter\u00e1 se t\u00e1hne od klasik\u016f Lermontova a Pu\u0161kina.<\/p>\n

Na\u0161e \u010dl\u00e1nky o\u00a0tom, jak sov\u011btsk\u00e1 \u201enepolitick\u00e1 kinematografie\u201c utv\u00e1\u0159ela dne\u0161n\u00ed Rusko, \u010dt\u011bte zde<\/a> a zde<\/a> (ukrajinsky)<\/em>.<\/p>\n

4. Rusk\u00e1 klasick\u00e1 literatura ospravedl\u0148uje kolonialismus<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Ve skute\u010dnosti Bratr navazuje na starou ruskou liter\u00e1rn\u00ed tradici. D\u016fle\u017eitou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed z\u00e1padn\u00edho pohledu na Rusko je rusk\u00e1 klasick\u00e1 literatura. Z\u00e1padn\u00ed \u010dten\u00e1\u0159 je uchv\u00e1cen jej\u00ed neobvyklost\u00ed, p\u0159i zevrubn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm rozboru jsou v\u0161ak patrn\u00e9 dva c\u00edlen\u00e9 trendy: 1.\u00a0op\u011bvov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fazemn\u00edch zisk\u016f Rusk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e a poni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed kolonizovan\u00fdch n\u00e1rod\u016f; 2.\u00a0chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed kritika politick\u00e9ho re\u017eimu, jeho neust\u00e1l\u00e1 podpora bez ohledu na to, co d\u011bl\u00e1 a jak\u00e9 zlo\u010diny p\u00e1ch\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Skv\u011ble to popisuje Ewa M.\u00a0Thompsonov\u00e1<\/a> ve sv\u00e9 knize Imperial Knowledge: Russian Literature and Colonialism<\/em>. Dovolme si jen stru\u010dn\u00fd cit\u00e1t: \u201eOd sv\u00e9 ran\u00e9 b\u00e1sn\u011b Kavkazsk\u00fd v\u011bze\u0148 a\u017e k\u00a0zral\u00e9 Cest\u011b do Erzurumu za pochodu 1829 vytv\u00e1\u0159el Pu\u0161kin obraz ml\u010denliv\u00e9ho a intelektu\u00e1ln\u011b zaostal\u00e9ho Kavkazu, bl\u00e1zniv\u011b odv\u00e1\u017en\u00e9ho ve sv\u00e9m nesmysln\u00e9m boji a uzr\u00e1l\u00e9ho pro rusk\u00e9 vl\u00e1dnut\u00ed. Pu\u0161kin a Lermontov vygenerovali pro ruskou textovou pam\u011b\u0165 obraz Ruska jako sice tvrd\u00e9ho, ale spravedliv\u00e9ho p\u00e1na regionu\u201c.<\/p>\n

Nap\u0159. Pu\u0161kin psal o\u00a0dobyt\u00ed Kavkazu takto:<\/p>\n

\u0418 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u044e \u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441,
\n\u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0443\u044f \u0431\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0432\u044b\u0439,
\n\u041d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u041a\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437
\n\u041f\u043e\u0434\u044a\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0448 \u043e\u0440\u0435\u043b \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u044b\u0439;
\n…
\n\u0418 \u0441\u043c\u043e\u043b\u043a\u043d\u0443\u043b \u044f\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043a \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b:
\n\u0412\u0441\u0451 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u0435\u0447\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0432\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e.
\n\u041a\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u0434\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u044b\u043d\u044b,
\n\u0421\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c, \u0433\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b \u0443\u0436\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e;
\n\u041d\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0430 \u0432\u0430\u0441 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044c,
\n\u041d\u0438 \u043e\u0447\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438,
\n\u041d\u0438 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u044b, \u043d\u0438 \u043b\u0438\u0445\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0438,
\n\u041d\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0432\u044c!<\/p>\n

(P\u0159eklad: Budu op\u011bvovat tu slavnou chv\u00edli, kdy, zaslechnuv krvavou bitvu, vystoupal nad rozbou\u0159en\u00fd Kavkaz n\u00e1\u0161 dvouhlav\u00fd orel. Ztichl sve\u0159ep\u00fd pok\u0159ik v\u00e1lky: v\u0161e je podd\u00e1no rusk\u00e9mu me\u010di. Hrd\u00ed synov\u00e9 Kavkazu, bojovali a um\u00edrali jste hrozn\u011b, nezachr\u00e1nila v\u00e1s v\u0161ak va\u0161e krev, ani za\u010darovan\u00e9 brn\u011bn\u00ed, ani hory, ani udatn\u00ed kon\u011b, ani l\u00e1ska k\u00a0divok\u00e9 volnosti.)<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

B\u00e1se\u0148 Kavkazsk\u00fd v\u011bze\u0148<\/em><\/p>\n

Zde ocitujeme \u010derstv\u00fd rozhovor, kter\u00fd badatelka poskytla:<\/p>\n

\u201eV\u0161echny obrazy Ruska a sv\u011bta vykreslen\u00e9 rusk\u00fdmi spisovateli se uv\u00e1d\u011bly do striktn\u00edho souladu s\u00a0politikou carsk\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu a st\u00e1tu sov\u011btsk\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n

Nev\u00edm, zda se to d\u011blalo kv\u016fli tomu, \u017ee spisovatel\u00e9 cht\u011bli b\u00fdt vyd\u00e1ni, nebo \u017ee propagand\u011b skute\u010dn\u011b v\u011b\u0159ili\u00a0\u2013 t\u011b\u017eko \u0159\u00edct. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b to vede k\u00a0vytvo\u0159en\u00ed negativn\u00edho obrazu nap\u0159. Ukrajiny nebo Polska za Z\u00e1pad\u011b, to se v\u0161ak v\u00a0Rusku d\u011bje po\u0159\u00e1d. Popisy jazyk\u016f men\u0161in a samotn\u00fdch etnick\u00fdch men\u0161in jsou tu v\u017edy negativn\u00ed\u201c. Podrobn\u011bji \u010dt\u011bte zde<\/a> (ukrajinsky)<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Tento rusk\u00fd liter\u00e1rn\u00ed odkaz nebyl dosud p\u0159ehodnocen, proto st\u00e1le znovu zp\u016fsobuje u\u00a0Rus\u016f pocit, \u017ee jsou vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e poroben\u00e9 n\u00e1rody.<\/p>\n

Dokonce ani tak vyt\u0159\u00edben\u00fd b\u00e1sn\u00edk, dr\u017eitel Nobelovy ceny, jako je Iosif Brodskij, nevid\u011bl \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd probl\u00e9m pon\u00ed\u017eit Ukrajince ve sv\u00e9 poezii. Ocitujme b\u00e1se\u0148 Na nez\u00e1vislost Ukrajiny<\/a>:<\/p>\n

…\u041f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0435 \u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0413\u0430\u043d\u0441\u044b
\n\u0441 \u043b\u044f\u0445\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u044f\u0442 \u0432\u0430\u0441 \u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0446\u044b.
\n\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0442\u043b\u044e \u043b\u0435\u0437\u0442\u044c, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0430, \u0441\u0443\u043a \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0432 \u0447\u0430\u0449\u0435,
\n\u0430 \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0443 \u0438\u0437 \u0431\u043e\u0440\u0449\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u044b\u0437\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0443 \u0441\u043b\u0430\u0449\u0435?<\/p>\n

(P\u0159eklad: A\u0165 nyn\u00ed v\u00a0hlin\u011bn\u00e9 chatce v\u00e1s Skop\u010d\u00e1ci s\u00a0P\u0161onky jednohlasn\u011b stav\u011bj\u00ed na \u010dty\u0159i kosti, vy zmetkov\u00e9. Kdy\u017e se leze do opr\u00e1tky, pak spole\u010dn\u011b vyb\u00edr\u00e1me v\u00a0hou\u0161tin\u011b v\u011btev, ale hlodat slepici z\u00a0bor\u0161\u010de je milej\u0161\u00ed o\u00a0samot\u011b?)<\/em><\/p>\n

M\u016f\u017eeme uv\u00e9st i dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edklady.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

5. Fale\u0161n\u00fd internacionalismus v SSSR<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Zde velmi stru\u010dn\u011b p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00edme sloupek<\/a> kaza\u0161sk\u00e9 badatelky Botakoz Kassymbekovov\u00e9, kter\u00e1 dnes p\u016fsob\u00ed na Basilejsk\u00e9 univerzit\u011b (anglicky)<\/em>.<\/p>\n

\u201eMnoz\u00ed na z\u00e1padn\u00edch univerzit\u00e1ch se nechali zl\u00e1kat protikoloni\u00e1ln\u00edm narativem, kter\u00fd se Moskva sna\u017eila prodat, proto\u017ee ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed brali za bernou minci. Z\u00e1padn\u00ed v\u011bda \u010dasto p\u0159ehl\u00ed\u017eela skute\u010dnost, \u017ee Stalin byl posedl\u00fd udr\u017een\u00edm rusk\u00fdch \u0159\u00ed\u0161sk\u00fdch hranic a pou\u017e\u00edval n\u00e1stroje obvykl\u00e9 pro carsk\u00e9 imperi\u00e1ln\u00ed Rusko: etnick\u00e9 \u010distky, potla\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed odli\u0161n\u00fdch n\u00e1zor\u016f, pot\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed etnick\u00fdch hnut\u00ed, uplatn\u011bn\u00ed v\u00fdsad pro ruskou etnickou p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nost a kulturu.<\/p>\n

Sov\u011btsk\u00e1 kolonialita byla odm\u00edt\u00e1na tak\u00e9 proto, \u017ee poznatky o\u00a0Sov\u011btsk\u00e9m svazu na Z\u00e1pad\u011b byly rusocentrick\u00e9. Sov\u011btsk\u00fd svaz b\u00fdval \u010dasto ozna\u010dov\u00e1n prost\u011b jako Rusko.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1padn\u00ed v\u011bda se tak\u00e9 zam\u011b\u0159ovala p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b na sov\u011btsk\u00e9 metropole, Moskvu a Leningrad. O\u00a0sov\u011btsk\u00fdch perif\u00e9ri\u00edch se toho v\u011bd\u011blo velmi m\u00e1lo, ne-li v\u016fbec, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee nikdo ve skute\u010dnosti nech\u00e1pal povst\u00e1n\u00ed ve St\u0159edn\u00ed Asii, na Kavkaze nebo v\u00a0Pobalt\u00ed od konce 1980.\u00a0let a pozd\u011bji nebo krveprolit\u00ed v\u00a0T\u00e1d\u017eikist\u00e1nu, N\u00e1horn\u00edm Karabachu, Podn\u011bst\u0159\u00ed, Abch\u00e1zii, Ji\u017en\u00ed Osetii \u010di pozd\u011bji v\u00a0\u010ce\u010densku.<\/p>\n

Vlnu dekolonizace v\u00a0Africe, na Bl\u00edzk\u00e9m V\u00fdchod\u011b, v\u00a0Ji\u017en\u00ed a Jihov\u00fdchodn\u00ed Asii, kter\u00e1 za\u010dala po Druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce, doprov\u00e1zely v\u011bdeck\u00e9 debaty a zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed koloni\u00e1ln\u00edho d\u011bdictv\u00ed a n\u00e1stroj\u016f n\u00e1sil\u00ed. Naproti tomu rozpad Sov\u011btsk\u00e9ho svazu v\u00a0roce 1991 ke zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed rusk\u00e9ho imperi\u00e1ln\u00edho odkazu nevedl.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0samotn\u00e9m Rusku p\u0159evl\u00e1dal narativ ob\u011bti.<\/p>\n

Na Z\u00e1pad\u011b byla aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed my\u0161lenka, \u017ee Sov\u011btsk\u00fd svaz byl internacionalistick\u00fdm experimentem, zat\u00edmco jeho krach byl pokl\u00e1d\u00e1n za konec tohoto experimentu.<\/p>\n

K\u00a0pochopen\u00ed Ruska je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed vyslechnout ty, kte\u0159\u00ed \u017eili pod ruskou koloni\u00e1ln\u00ed nadvl\u00e1dou. Abychom porozum\u011bli n\u011bkdej\u0161\u00edm a sou\u010dasn\u00fdm rusk\u00fdm koloni\u00edm pot\u0159ebujeme naslouchat historik\u016fm z\u00a0t\u011bchto m\u00edst a studovat jejich kultury, jazyky a d\u011bjiny, jak psan\u00e9, tak nepsan\u00e9. K\u00a0vyhodnocen\u00ed cest opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed koloni\u00e1ln\u00edch diktatur je t\u0159eba studovat \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 p\u0159em\u011bny st\u00e1t\u016f jako je Ukrajina. K\u00a0tomu je v\u0161ak zapot\u0159eb\u00ed odm\u00edtnout m\u00fdtus o\u00a0\u201eum\u011bl\u00e9m n\u00e1rod\u011b\u201c a definitivn\u011b vid\u011bt Rusko jako \u0159\u00ed\u0161i\u201c.<\/p>\n

Jak to lze zm\u011bnit<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Teprve po v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdch por\u00e1\u017ek\u00e1ch a hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9m zhroucen\u00ed se sna\u017eila \u010d\u00e1st rusk\u00fdch kulturn\u00edch elit sv\u00e9 d\u011bjiny p\u0159ehodnotit. Nikdy to v\u0161ak netrvalo dlouho. Po ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dasti v\u00a0Prvn\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 vypukla v\u00a0Rusku revoluce, car abdikoval, parlament jmenoval Kerensk\u00e9ho vl\u00e1du. Demokracie trvala necel\u00fd rok, pak v\u00a0Rusku zavl\u00e1dla nov\u00e1 diktatura, SSSR.<\/p>\n

S\u00a0vidinou hroz\u00edc\u00edho hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho krachu se SSSR pokusil zreformovat, tehdej\u0161\u00ed moskevsk\u00e1 m\u00e9dia p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ela spoustu poutav\u00fdch a hr\u016fzn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f o\u00a0sov\u011btsk\u00fdch zlo\u010dinech.<\/p>\n

Nicm\u00e9n\u011b toto v\u0161e skon\u010dilo diktaturou Putina, kter\u00fd je dnes u\u00a0moci ji\u017e 23\u00a0let a st\u00e1le m\u00e1 konstantn\u011b velkou podporu Rus\u016f.<\/p>\n

Po rozpadu Sov\u011btsk\u00e9ho svazu a zejm\u00e9na po por\u00e1\u017ece v\u00a0Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1nu propukla kritick\u00e1 vlna v\u016f\u010di vojensk\u00e9mu dob\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed. Ta v\u0161ak rychle opadla, pak dokonce i jej\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznivci se vr\u00e1tili do obvykl\u00e9ho \u0159e\u010di\u0161t\u011b \u00fato\u010dnosti v\u016f\u010di sv\u011btu a nad\u0159azenosti k\u00a0poroben\u00fdm n\u00e1rod\u016fm. Zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fd film Bratr\u00a02 je toho v\u00fdmluvnou uk\u00e1zkou.<\/p>\n

Bezpe\u010dn\u00fdm Ruskem pro sv\u011bt je tedy to, kter\u00e9 se po ok\u00e1zal\u00e9 por\u00e1\u017ece v\u00a0Ukrajin\u011b rozpadne na v\u00edce st\u00e1t\u016f, jak se to stalo s\u00a0Britsk\u00fdm imp\u00e9riem. V\u00a0Severn\u00ed Americe jsou dv\u011b anglicky mluv\u00edc\u00ed zem\u011b. Stejn\u011b tak m\u016f\u017ee existovat i n\u011bkolik rusky mluv\u00edc\u00edch zem\u00ed v\u00a0Eurasii, na \u00fazem\u00ed dne\u0161n\u00edho Ruska, kde st\u00e1le \u017eije mnoho poroben\u00fdch n\u00e1rod\u016f, kter\u00e9 za\u017eily genocidy, z\u00e1kazy mate\u0159sk\u00e9ho jazyka, odsuny, z\u00e1bory majetku apod. N\u011bkter\u00e9 z\u00a0nich maj\u00ed svou form\u00e1ln\u00ed autonomii, n\u011bkter\u00e9 ani ne.<\/p>\n

Existuj\u00ed neshody mezi Rusy \u017eij\u00edc\u00edmi na Sibi\u0159i a t\u011bmi z\u00a0evropsk\u00e9ho Ruska. Rusov\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed budou \u017e\u00edt v\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdch st\u00e1tech, dok\u00e1\u017eou l\u00e9pe nakl\u00e1dat se sv\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edmi zdroji a \u017e\u00edt z\u00e1mo\u017en\u011bji, ani\u017e by utr\u00e1celi \u0161\u00edlen\u00e9 prost\u0159edky na konfrontaci s\u00a0cel\u00fdm sv\u011btem.<\/p>\n

Rusov\u00e9 z\u00a0asijsk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti tak\u00e9 maj\u00ed strach z\u00a0\u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 rozp\u00ednavosti a nemaj\u00ed r\u00e1di komunisty, jejich st\u00e1ty se tedy stanou p\u0159irozen\u00fdmi spojenci USA, Evropy a Japonska, tedy demokratick\u00e9ho sv\u011bta. Z\u00e1nikem posledn\u00ed \u0159\u00ed\u0161e tak\u00e9 podstatn\u011b zesl\u00e1bnou imperialistick\u00e9 ambice, nov\u011b vznikl\u00e9 st\u00e1ty budou pot\u0159ebovat investice a nov\u00e9 technologie. Pro z\u00e1padn\u00ed podnikatele bude v\u00fdhodn\u00e9 s\u00a0nimi obchodovat.<\/p>\n

Poroben\u00e9 n\u00e1rody dostanou \u0161anci obnovit svou ztracenou kulturu a jazyk.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1padn\u00ed vl\u00e1dy maj\u00ed obavy, \u017ee by jadern\u00e9 zbran\u011b, kter\u00e9 dnes v\u00a0Rusku jsou, v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b kolapsu mohly dostat do rukou terorist\u016f. SSSR se v\u0161ak rozpadl a \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 zbran\u011b na \u010dern\u00fd trh nezam\u00ed\u0159ily. Ukrajina pak dokonce souhlasila s\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee sv\u016fj zd\u011bd\u011bn\u00fd jadern\u00fd arsen\u00e1l nech\u00e1 zutilizovat. Aby rusk\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 zbran\u011b neskon\u010dily v\u00a0rukou terorist\u016f, m\u011bly by z\u00e1padn\u00ed vl\u00e1dy ji\u017e dnes pracovat na r\u016fzn\u00fdch sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u00edch a p\u0159epravovat se na nevyhnuteln\u00e9, a sice na rozpad Ruska.<\/p>\n

\n

Autor: Orest Zoh<\/a>
\nZdroj: Texty.org.ua<\/a> 14.\u00a04.\u00a02023
\nP\u0159eklad: Svatoslav \u0160\u010dyhol<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ukrajinci, kte\u0159\u00ed si na\u0161li \u00fato\u010di\u0161t\u011b v\u00a0Evrop\u011b, pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed pomoc v\u00a0debat\u00e1ch s\u00a0Evropany, kte\u0159\u00ed nech\u00e1pou, pro\u010d Rusko Ukrajinu napadlo a…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":78,"featured_media":10020,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[523,516,519,3819],"tags":[150],"class_list":["post-10019","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analytics","category-all-news","category-world","category-zvlastni-tema","tag-informacni-valka"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nJak vysv\u011btlit cizinc\u016fm podstatu rusk\u00e9 v\u00e1lky proti Ukrajin\u011b - InformNapalm.org (\u010ce\u0161tina)<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/jak-vysvetlit-cizincum-podstatu-ruske-valky-proti-ukrajine\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Jak vysv\u011btlit cizinc\u016fm podstatu rusk\u00e9 v\u00e1lky proti Ukrajin\u011b - 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InformNapalm.org (\u010ce\u0161tina)","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/jak-vysvetlit-cizincum-podstatu-ruske-valky-proti-ukrajine\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/jak-vysvetlit-cizincum-podstatu-ruske-valky-proti-ukrajine\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2023\/08\/Jak-vysvetlit-cizincum-podstatu-ruske-valky-proti-Ukrajine.jpg","datePublished":"2023-08-08T16:40:26+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/#\/schema\/person\/df2cf86bd5e35ae01a82d1108d3c5f51"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/jak-vysvetlit-cizincum-podstatu-ruske-valky-proti-ukrajine\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/jak-vysvetlit-cizincum-podstatu-ruske-valky-proti-ukrajine\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/jak-vysvetlit-cizincum-podstatu-ruske-valky-proti-ukrajine\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2023\/08\/Jak-vysvetlit-cizincum-podstatu-ruske-valky-proti-Ukrajine.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2023\/08\/Jak-vysvetlit-cizincum-podstatu-ruske-valky-proti-Ukrajine.jpg","width":500,"height":333},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/jak-vysvetlit-cizincum-podstatu-ruske-valky-proti-ukrajine\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Jak vysv\u011btlit cizinc\u016fm podstatu rusk\u00e9 v\u00e1lky proti Ukrajin\u011b"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/#website","url":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/","name":"InformNapalm.org (\u010ce\u0161tina)","description":"Nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy z Ukrajiny","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/#\/schema\/person\/df2cf86bd5e35ae01a82d1108d3c5f51","name":"svatoslav","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/0cc633af9f94c5bc8eca4c7a7bf1e1f390e89d3af1b6a34e2886692888437497?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/0cc633af9f94c5bc8eca4c7a7bf1e1f390e89d3af1b6a34e2886692888437497?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"svatoslav"},"url":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/author\/svatoslav\/"}]}},"post_src":"<strong>Ukrajinci, kte\u0159\u00ed si na\u0161li \u00fato\u010di\u0161t\u011b v\u00a0Evrop\u011b, pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed pomoc v\u00a0debat\u00e1ch s\u00a0Evropany, kte\u0159\u00ed nech\u00e1pou, pro\u010d Rusko Ukrajinu napadlo a pro\u010d Ukrajinci nejsou ochotni k\u00a0\u017e\u00e1dn\u00fdm \u00fastupk\u016fm. Zkusili jsme vypracovat pokud mo\u017eno co nejstru\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 vysv\u011btlen\u00ed.<\/strong><!--more-->\r\n\r\nStru\u010dn\u011b: Rusov\u00e9 kolonizovali sousedn\u00ed zem\u011b v\u00a0Evrop\u011b a Asii. Rusk\u00e1 literatura to op\u011bvovala a st\u00e1le op\u011bvuje. Na oslavov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fazemn\u00edch zisk\u016f a na my\u0161lence, \u017ee Rusov\u00e9 jsou n\u011bco lep\u0161\u00edho ne\u017e ti, komu \u201ep\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed kulturu\u201c (dobyvatel\u00e9 jsou vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed sorta lid\u00ed ne\u017e ti pora\u017een\u00ed), vyr\u016fst\u00e1 ka\u017ed\u00e1 generace Rus\u016f.\r\n\r\nK\u00a0protikoloni\u00e1ln\u00edmu p\u0159ehodnocen\u00ed rusk\u00e9 kultury nikdy nedo\u0161lo, a rusk\u00fdm intelektu\u00e1l\u016fm a liber\u00e1ln\u00edm opozi\u010dn\u00edk\u016fm st\u00e1le nedoch\u00e1z\u00ed, \u017ee to pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed.\r\n\r\nT\u00edm lze vysv\u011btlit, pro\u010d v\u011bt\u0161ina Rus\u016f v\u00e1lku proti Ukrajin\u011b podporuje, co\u017e dokl\u00e1d\u00e1 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.levada.ru\/2023\/03\/01\/odobrenie-institutov-i-rejtingi-politikov-fevral-2023-goda\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">pr\u016fzkum od rusk\u00e9ho sociologick\u00e9ho Levada centra<\/a>.\r\n\r\nNa Z\u00e1pad\u011b to v\u0161ak nech\u00e1pou, proto\u017ee si neuv\u011bdomuj\u00ed, co je Rusko doopravdy a v\u00a0\u010dem se li\u0161\u00ed od image, kter\u00e9 bylo po stalet\u00ed pe\u010dliv\u011b budov\u00e1no. Tak\u00e9 na Z\u00e1pad\u011b ne v\u017edy ch\u00e1pou, co je Ukrajina. Vysv\u011btleme tedy kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 fakta k\u00a0Rusku a Ukrajin\u011b.\r\n<h2><strong>1. Ukrajina v\u017edy bojovala o samostatnost<\/strong><\/h2>\r\nUkrajina se stala sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed Moskovie v\u00a0polovin\u011b 17.\u00a0stolet\u00ed v\u00a0d\u016fsledku dohody mezi hejtmanem Ukrajiny Bohdanem Chmelnick\u00fdm a moskevsk\u00fdm carem Alexejem Michajlovi\u010dem. Chmelnick\u00fd se k\u00a0tomu odhodlal, proto\u017ee s\u00e1m nebyl schopen vyhr\u00e1t v\u00e1lku proti Polsko-litevsk\u00e9 unii. C\u00edlem t\u00e9to v\u00e1lky s\u00a0Pol\u00e1ky byla autonomie Ukrajiny a v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pr\u00e1va.\r\n\r\nDohoda s\u00a0Moskovi\u00ed po\u010d\u00edtala s\u00a0rozs\u00e1hlou autonomi\u00ed, nicm\u00e9n\u011b po Chmelnick\u00e9ho smrti za\u010dalo doch\u00e1zet k\u00a0postupn\u00e9mu kr\u00e1cen\u00ed pr\u00e1v. S\u00a0kone\u010dnou platnost\u00ed Rusko Ukrajinu pohltilo v\u00a0roce 1709, kdy se ukrajinsk\u00fd hejtman Ivan Mazepa p\u0159idal v\u00a0Severn\u00ed v\u00e1lce na stranu \u0161v\u00e9dsk\u00e9ho kr\u00e1le Karla\u00a0XII. a prohr\u00e1l. Odtehdy zapo\u010dala rychl\u00e1 likvidace ukrajinsk\u00e9 autonomie.\r\n\r\nV\u00a0druh\u00e9 polovin\u011b 19.\u00a0stolet\u00ed, kdy tzv. n\u00e1rodn\u00ed obrozen\u00ed zachv\u00e1tilo n\u00e1rody St\u0159edn\u00ed Evropy, mj. Ukrajinu, za\u010dalo Rusko soustavn\u011b zakazovat ukrajinsk\u00fd jazyk.\r\n\r\nNejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho ukrajinsk\u00e9ho b\u00e1sn\u00edka Tarase \u0160ev\u010denka, kter\u00fd se narodil na za\u010d\u00e1tku 19.\u00a0stolet\u00ed, nechala rusk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da t\u0159ikr\u00e1t zatknout a poslat na vojenskou slu\u017ebu do kaza\u0161sk\u00e9 pou\u0161t\u011b.\r\n\r\nNicm\u00e9n\u011b Ukrajinci i v\u00a0t\u011bchto podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch rozvinuli sv\u016fj spisovn\u00fd jazyk a vytvo\u0159ili n\u00e1rodn\u00ed literaturu. \u0160lo o\u00a0dlouh\u00fd a vy\u010derp\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed protikoloni\u00e1ln\u00ed boj. Rusk\u00e1 politika v\u00a0Ukrajin\u011b se v\u00a0ni\u010dem neli\u0161ila od politiky evropsk\u00fdch koloniz\u00e1tor\u016f v\u00a0zaoce\u00e1nsk\u00fdch koloni\u00edch.\r\n\r\nJsou tu v\u0161ak podstatn\u00e9 rozd\u00edly ve vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed: Ukrajinu od Ruska neodd\u011blovalo mo\u0159e, Ukrajinci a Rusov\u00e9 maj\u00ed stejnou barvu pleti a stejn\u00e9 pravoslavn\u00e9 vyzn\u00e1n\u00ed. I kdyby tedy byl Z\u00e1pad o\u00a0ukrajinsk\u00e9m boji v\u011bd\u011bl, ka\u017edop\u00e1dn\u011b ho nevn\u00edmal jako protikoloni\u00e1ln\u00ed.\r\n\r\nVedle boje za jazyk a identitu doch\u00e1zelo v\u00a0Ukrajin\u011b k\u00a0lidov\u00fdm povst\u00e1n\u00edm proti nevolnictv\u00ed a t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdm \u017eivotn\u00edm podm\u00ednk\u00e1m. Tento z\u00e1pas vyvrcholil vyhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00edm Ukrajinsk\u00e9 lidov\u00e9 republiky (ULR) v\u00a0roce 1918.\r\n\r\nArm\u00e1da ULR v\u00e1l\u010dila proti bol\u0161evik\u016fm, vojsk\u016fm stoupenc\u016f carsk\u00e9ho Ruska (tzv. B\u00edl\u00e9 gard\u011b) a Pol\u00e1k\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed si n\u00e1rokovali \u010d\u00e1st Ukrajiny. Bol\u0161evici s\u00a0c\u00edlem naklonit si Ukrajince vytvo\u0159ili Ukrajinskou sov\u011btskou socialistickou republiku. Kdy\u017e se nadvl\u00e1da Moskvy upevnila, byli l\u00edd\u0159i USSR popraveni a ukrajinsk\u00fd venkov musel \u010delit um\u011ble vyvolan\u00e9mu hladomoru, kdy zem\u0159elo na 4\u00a0miliony Ukrajinc\u016f. T\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161echny kulturn\u00ed osobnosti byly rovn\u011b\u017e povra\u017ed\u011bny, p\u0159e\u017eili jen ti, kte\u0159\u00ed se v\u010das p\u0159izp\u016fsobili a za\u010dali vychvalovat Komunistickou stranu a \u201estar\u0161\u00edho rusk\u00e9ho bratra\u201c. Tomuto jevu se dnes \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 <a href=\"https:\/\/cs.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Popraven%C3%A9_obrozen%C3%AD\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Popraven\u00e9 obrozen\u00ed<\/a>.\r\n\r\nPo p\u00e1du ULR v\u00a0meziv\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9m obdob\u00ed vznik\u00e1 nov\u00e9 hnut\u00ed za obnoven\u00ed ukrajinsk\u00e9 samostatnosti. Dod\u00e1no na \u017e\u00e1dost \u010dten\u00e1\u0159\u016f: <em>30.\u00a0\u010dervna 1941 samozvan\u00e1 vl\u00e1da z\u00a0\u010dlen\u016f Organizace ukrajinsk\u00fdch nacionalist\u016f vyhl\u00e1sila obnoven\u00ed ukrajinsk\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu, kv\u016fli \u010demu\u017e podlehla nacistick\u00fdm repres\u00edm. Ozbrojen\u00fd boj trval za Druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky a po jej\u00edm skon\u010den\u00ed proti v\u0161em nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00fdm s\u00edl\u00e1m, co\u017e v\u00a0letech 1944 a\u017e 1954 zp\u016fsobilo, \u017ee komunist\u00e9 tvrd\u011b perzekuovali p\u016flmilion Ukrajinc\u016f pro pouh\u00e9 podez\u0159en\u00ed, \u017ee k\u00a0tomuto hnut\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed. Ukrajinci, kte\u0159\u00ed m\u011bli zku\u0161enost s\u00a0ozbrojen\u00fdm bojem, podzem\u00edm a organiza\u010dn\u00ed \u010dinnost\u00ed, v\u00a0dob\u011b v\u011bzn\u011bn\u00ed v\u00a0Gulagu vyvolali masov\u00e1 povst\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0subarktick\u00e9m Norilsku a kaza\u0161sk\u00e9m Kengiru. Co\u017e vedlo k\u00a0tomu, \u017ee si sov\u011btsk\u00fd re\u017eim uv\u011bdomil, \u017ee nedok\u00e1\u017ee m\u00edt pod kontrolou ani koncentra\u010dn\u00ed t\u00e1bory, a zp\u016fsobilo tzv. oblevu a odsouzen\u00ed Stalinova kultu osobnosti<\/em>.\r\n\r\nV\u00a01960.\u00a0letech nabylo na s\u00edle ukrajinsk\u00e9 disidentsk\u00e9 hnut\u00ed. Jeho podstata spo\u010d\u00edvala v\u00a0tom, \u017ee ti, kdo nesouhlasili s\u00a0koloni\u00e1ln\u00ed politikou Sov\u011btsk\u00e9ho svazu, otev\u0159en\u011b vyjad\u0159ovali sv\u00e9 n\u00e1zory, i kdy\u017e v\u011bd\u011bli, \u017ee se dostanou do v\u011bzen\u00ed, kde nakonec opravdu skon\u010dili. Dnes se jim \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 \u201e<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sixtiers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0161edes\u00e1tn\u00edci<\/a>\u201c.\r\n\r\nTito lid\u00e9 se nechali inspirovat neleg\u00e1ln\u011b \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fdm \u010dl\u00e1nkem \u201eInternacionalismus, nebo rusifikace?\u201c z\u00a0pera ukrajinsk\u00e9ho intelektu\u00e1la Ivana Dzjuby, kter\u00fd zde dokazoval, \u017ee pod z\u00e1st\u011brkou tzv. p\u0159\u00e1telstv\u00ed n\u00e1rod\u016f doch\u00e1z\u00ed k\u00a0promy\u0161len\u00e9 rusifikaci. Za \u010dten\u00ed tohoto \u010dl\u00e1nku mohl \u010dlov\u011bk p\u0159ij\u00edt o\u00a0pr\u00e1ci, pokud m\u011bl \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed, ne-li se dostat za m\u0159\u00ed\u017ee.\r\n\r\nUkrajina proti rusk\u00e9mu kolonialismu bojovala v\u017edy, Z\u00e1pad v\u0161ak tento boj nevn\u00edmal.\r\n\r\nRusko se tak\u00e9 sna\u017e\u00ed p\u0159ivlastnit si ozna\u010den\u00ed Kyjevsk\u00e1 Rus a od tohoto st\u0159edov\u011bk\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu odvozovat sv\u00e9 d\u011bjiny. Naproti tomu Ukrajina m\u00e1 za to, \u017ee n\u00e1stupkyn\u00ed Rusi je pr\u00e1v\u011b ona. Pro\u010d Kyjevsk\u00e1 Rus nen\u00ed Rusko, dob\u0159e vysv\u011btlil profesor na Yaleov\u011b univerzit\u011b Timothy Snyder ve sv\u00e9m kurzu o\u00a0d\u011bjin\u00e1ch Ukrajiny. Starobyl\u00e9mu Rusku \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 \u201eMongolsk\u00e1 Rus\u201c, tento st\u00e1t byl toti\u017e cca 300\u00a0let sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed Zlat\u00e9 hordy, zat\u00edmco Kyjev mnohem krat\u0161\u00ed dobu. Konspekt p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky o\u00a0Moskevsk\u00e9 Rusi v\u00a0ukrajin\u0161tin\u011b je k\u00a0dispozici <a href=\"https:\/\/forbes.ua\/lifestyle\/stvorennya-i-pidyom-moskovskoi-derzhavi-soma-lektsiya-timoti-snaydera-02112022-9484\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">zde<\/a>.\r\n\r\n<strong>Cel\u00fd cyklus Snyderov\u00fdch p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ek viz <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=bJczLlwp-d8&t=26s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">zde<\/a> <em>(v\u00a0angli\u010dtin\u011b, titulky k\u00a0dispozici)<\/em>.<\/strong>\r\n<h2><strong>2. Despekt v\u016f\u010di osob\u00e1m jin\u00e9 ne\u017e rusk\u00e9 n\u00e1rodnosti v SSSR<\/strong><\/h2>\r\nV\u00a0Sov\u011btsk\u00e9m svazu m\u011bli mnoho slov o\u00a0internacion\u00e1ln\u00edm p\u0159\u00e1telstv\u00ed a nemen\u0161\u00ed po\u010det vtip\u016f, kter\u00e9 l\u00ed\u010dily sov\u011btsk\u00e9 ob\u010dany jin\u00e9 ne\u017e rusk\u00e9 n\u00e1rodnosti jako lidi omezen\u00e9 a hloup\u00e9.\r\n\r\nPodn\u011bt k\u00a0zesm\u011b\u0161\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed se na\u0161el pro ka\u017ed\u00e9ho s\u00a0v\u00fdjimkou tzv. star\u0161\u00edho bratra, jak byli v\u00a0SSSR ofici\u00e1ln\u011b naz\u00fdv\u00e1ni Rusov\u00e9. V\u00a0t\u011bchto vtipech nap\u0159. Moldavan\u00e9 za\u0161roubov\u00e1vali \u017e\u00e1rovku v\u00a0p\u011bti, \u010cuk\u010dov\u00e9 jezdili autem na zp\u00e1te\u010dku, Kavkazan\u00e9 praktikovali sexu\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fachylky (v\u00a0sov\u011btsk\u00e9 p\u0159edstav\u011b). Existovaly vtipy i o\u00a0Rusech, kde byli tito konfrontov\u00e1ni s\u00a0\u201eu\u0161lechtil\u00fdmi\u201c n\u00e1rody, tedy Francouzi, Brity nebo Ameri\u010dany, na n\u011b\u017e nakonec v\u017edy vyzr\u00e1li.\r\n\r\nUkrajinci se dok\u00e1\u017eou pod\u011bli o\u00a0spoustu p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f nad\u0159azen\u00e9ho postoje Rus\u016f, klasick\u00e9ho pro koloniz\u00e1tory. Pr\u00fd m\u00e1te lahodnou kuchyni a p\u011bkn\u00e9 p\u00edsn\u011b, ale v\u00e1\u0161 jazyk je omezen\u00fd, venkovsk\u00fd, ned\u00e1 se v\u00a0n\u011bm mluvit t\u0159eba o\u00a0fyzice.\r\n\r\nTyto v\u011bci \u0159\u00edkali u\u010ditel\u00e9 p\u0159i v\u00fduce na ukrajinsk\u00fdch \u0161kol\u00e1ch. S\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee o\u00a0\u017e\u00e1dnou vlastn\u00ed kreativitu ne\u0161lo: za jakoukoli odchylku od ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed linie \u010dekaly u\u010ditele v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 pot\u00ed\u017ee. Nezapom\u00ednejme, \u017ee v\u00a0Sov\u011btsk\u00e9m svazu byly v\u00a0ka\u017ed\u00e9 rodin\u011b ob\u011bti repres\u00ed, tedy n\u011bkdo, koho sov\u011btsk\u00fd re\u017eim p\u0159ipravil o\u00a0\u017eivot. Nikdo si necht\u011bl tento osud zopakovat.\r\n\r\nZaj\u00edmav\u00e9 je, \u017ee \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd stranick\u00fd ani vl\u00e1dn\u00ed dokument neukl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee je t\u0159eba se vysm\u00edvat ukrajin\u0161tin\u011b nebo v\u00a0jin\u00fdch republik\u00e1ch m\u00edstn\u00edm jazyk\u016fm, nicm\u00e9n\u011b na \u0161kol\u00e1ch se to d\u011blalo. Nav\u00edc na sv\u011bdom\u00ed to m\u011bli p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b u\u010ditel\u00e9 ru\u0161tiny, \u010dasto etni\u010dt\u00ed Rusov\u00e9. Chovali se jako typi\u010dt\u00ed koloniz\u00e1to\u0159i, proto\u017ee pr\u00e1v\u011b t\u011bmito byli. Pob\u00edrali vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed platy ne\u017e u\u010ditel\u00e9 n\u00e1rodn\u00edch jazyk\u016f. Podrobn\u011bji se o\u00a0tom <a href=\"https:\/\/texty.org.ua\/articles\/109029\/i-would-learn-russian-if-only-how-the-russian-authorities-turned-the-ukrainian-language-into-second-class\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">do\u010dtete v\u00a0na\u0161em \u010dl\u00e1nku zde<\/a> <em>(anglicky)<\/em>.\r\n\r\nRusk\u00fd liber\u00e1ln\u00ed novin\u00e1\u0159 Leonid Parfjonov, kter\u00fd po zah\u00e1jen\u00ed invaze do Ukrajiny Rusko opustil, p\u0159i sv\u00e9 anal\u00fdze rusk\u00e9 nad\u0159azenosti a imperialismu vypr\u00e1v\u011bl, \u017ee kdy\u017e byl studentem, nau\u010dil se bulharsky a touto \u0159e\u010d\u00ed komunikoval s\u00a0Bulhary, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159i\u0161li do Ruska studovat v\u00a0r\u00e1mci tzv. internacion\u00e1ln\u00edho p\u0159\u00e1telstv\u00ed. Jeho ru\u0161t\u00ed spolu\u017e\u00e1ci na n\u011bj kv\u016fli tomu napsali ud\u00e1n\u00ed: pr\u00fd podporuje bulharsk\u00fd nacionalismus, mluv\u00ed s\u00a0Bulhary bulharsky. Udava\u010di vych\u00e1zeli z\u00a0logiky, \u017ee kdy\u017e \u201emlad\u0161\u00ed brat\u0159i\u201c (tzv. mlad\u0161\u00edmi bratry byli v\u0161ichni obyvatel\u00e9 SSSR a satelitn\u00edch st\u00e1t\u016f) p\u0159ijeli do Moskvy, pak mus\u00ed mluvit rusky, nehod\u00ed se tedy, aby se jim Rus p\u0159izp\u016fsoboval.\r\n\r\nTuto nad\u0159azenost Rusov\u00e9 dodnes d\u00e1vaj\u00ed najevo jak v\u016f\u010di Ukrajinc\u016fm, tak v\u016f\u010di jin\u00fdm soused\u016fm, nav\u00edc bez ohledu na sv\u016fj postoj k\u00a0Putinovi. Rusk\u00fd opozi\u010dn\u00edk sice m\u016f\u017ee kritizovat sou\u010dasn\u00fd re\u017eim v\u00a0Kremlu, nicm\u00e9n\u011b bude m\u00edt p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed koloniz\u00e1tora, tud\u00ed\u017e se chovat pohrdav\u011b v\u016f\u010di Ukrajinc\u016fm a tituln\u00edm n\u00e1rod\u016fm zem\u00ed, kter\u00e9 kdysi pat\u0159ily do Sov\u011btsk\u00e9ho svazu. Dne\u0161n\u00ed ru\u0161t\u00ed liber\u00e1lov\u00e9 a opozi\u010dn\u00edci nikdy nezpochyb\u0148uj\u00ed smysluplnost existence rusk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e, nepodporuj\u00ed okupovan\u00e9 n\u00e1rody v\u00a0jejich snah\u00e1ch o\u00a0obrozen\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00ed kultury nebo o\u00a0z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed samospr\u00e1vy.\r\n\r\nT\u0159eba proslul\u00fd sov\u011btsk\u00fd disident Sol\u017eenicyn byl sice odp\u016frcem komunistick\u00e9 diktatury, nicm\u00e9n\u011b zachov\u00e1n\u00ed Rusk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e mu le\u017eelo na srdci. Dne\u0161n\u00ed opozi\u010dn\u00edk Navalnyj podpo\u0159il okupaci Krymu.\r\n<h2><strong>3. Kultovn\u00ed film Bratr 2<\/strong><\/h2>\r\nV\u00a0roce 2000 vy\u0161el v\u00a0Rusku ak\u010dn\u00ed film Bratr\u00a02, v\u00a0n\u011bm\u017e podle n\u00e1m\u011btu prost\u00fd rusk\u00fd mlad\u00edk bojuje proti ukrajinsk\u00e9 mafii v\u00a0Chicagu. Z\u00a0filmu se stal kultovn\u00ed trh\u00e1k a z\u00a0v\u00fdroku \u201eVy mizerov\u00e9 mi je\u0161t\u011b zodpov\u00edte za Sevastopol!\u201c obl\u00edben\u00e1 hl\u00e1\u0161ka. V\u00a0Rusku dodnes vych\u00e1zej\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nky, kter\u00e9 ospravedl\u0148uj\u00ed invazi do Ukrajiny citacemi z\u00a0tohoto filmu. D\u016fvodem popularity Bratra\u00a02 je, \u017ee rozezn\u011bl imperialistick\u00e9 struny ve spole\u010dnosti. Hlasy s\u00a0kritick\u00fdm rozborem tohoto filmu se v\u00a0Rusku t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 neozvaly, ani v\u00a0tehdej\u0161\u00ed demokratick\u00e9 dob\u011b. Nen\u00ed divu, film toti\u017e nav\u00e1zal na ruskou kulturn\u00ed tradici, kter\u00e1 se t\u00e1hne od klasik\u016f Lermontova a Pu\u0161kina.\r\n\r\nNa\u0161e \u010dl\u00e1nky o\u00a0tom, jak sov\u011btsk\u00e1 \u201enepolitick\u00e1 kinematografie\u201c utv\u00e1\u0159ela dne\u0161n\u00ed Rusko, \u010dt\u011bte <a href=\"https:\/\/texty.org.ua\/articles\/109346\/radyanski-filmy-reklama-koly-ta-usmishka-sadysta-yak-u-srsr-stvoryuvaly-alternatyvnu-realnist\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">zde<\/a> a <a href=\"https:\/\/texty.org.ua\/articles\/109393\/najvazhlyvishe-z-mystectv-sho-porodylo-rosijsku-propahandu-yak-iz-radyanskoho-kino-vyrosla-rytoryka-skabyeyevoyi-i-ko\/?src=main\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">zde<\/a> <em>(ukrajinsky)<\/em>.\r\n<h2><strong>4. Rusk\u00e1 klasick\u00e1 literatura ospravedl\u0148uje kolonialismus<\/strong><\/h2>\r\nVe skute\u010dnosti Bratr navazuje na starou ruskou liter\u00e1rn\u00ed tradici. D\u016fle\u017eitou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed z\u00e1padn\u00edho pohledu na Rusko je rusk\u00e1 klasick\u00e1 literatura. Z\u00e1padn\u00ed \u010dten\u00e1\u0159 je uchv\u00e1cen jej\u00ed neobvyklost\u00ed, p\u0159i zevrubn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm rozboru jsou v\u0161ak patrn\u00e9 dva c\u00edlen\u00e9 trendy: 1.\u00a0op\u011bvov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fazemn\u00edch zisk\u016f Rusk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e a poni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed kolonizovan\u00fdch n\u00e1rod\u016f; 2.\u00a0chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed kritika politick\u00e9ho re\u017eimu, jeho neust\u00e1l\u00e1 podpora bez ohledu na to, co d\u011bl\u00e1 a jak\u00e9 zlo\u010diny p\u00e1ch\u00e1.\r\n\r\nSkv\u011ble to popisuje <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ewa_Thompson\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ewa M.\u00a0Thompsonov\u00e1<\/a> ve sv\u00e9 knize <em>Imperial Knowledge: Russian Literature and Colonialism<\/em>. Dovolme si jen stru\u010dn\u00fd cit\u00e1t: \u201eOd sv\u00e9 ran\u00e9 b\u00e1sn\u011b Kavkazsk\u00fd v\u011bze\u0148 a\u017e k\u00a0zral\u00e9 Cest\u011b do Erzurumu za pochodu 1829 vytv\u00e1\u0159el Pu\u0161kin obraz ml\u010denliv\u00e9ho a intelektu\u00e1ln\u011b zaostal\u00e9ho Kavkazu, bl\u00e1zniv\u011b odv\u00e1\u017en\u00e9ho ve sv\u00e9m nesmysln\u00e9m boji a uzr\u00e1l\u00e9ho pro rusk\u00e9 vl\u00e1dnut\u00ed. Pu\u0161kin a Lermontov vygenerovali pro ruskou textovou pam\u011b\u0165 obraz Ruska jako sice tvrd\u00e9ho, ale spravedliv\u00e9ho p\u00e1na regionu\u201c.\r\n\r\nNap\u0159. Pu\u0161kin psal o\u00a0dobyt\u00ed Kavkazu takto:\r\n<blockquote>\u0418 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u044e \u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441,\r\n\u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0443\u044f \u0431\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0432\u044b\u0439,\r\n\u041d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u041a\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\r\n\u041f\u043e\u0434\u044a\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0448 \u043e\u0440\u0435\u043b \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u044b\u0439;\r\n...\r\n\u0418 \u0441\u043c\u043e\u043b\u043a\u043d\u0443\u043b \u044f\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043a \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b:\r\n\u0412\u0441\u0451 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u0435\u0447\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0432\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e.\r\n\u041a\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u0434\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u044b\u043d\u044b,\r\n\u0421\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c, \u0433\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b \u0443\u0436\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e;\r\n\u041d\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0430 \u0432\u0430\u0441 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044c,\r\n\u041d\u0438 \u043e\u0447\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438,\r\n\u041d\u0438 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u044b, \u043d\u0438 \u043b\u0438\u0445\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0438,\r\n\u041d\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043e\u0432\u044c!\r\n\r\n<em>(P\u0159eklad: Budu op\u011bvovat tu slavnou chv\u00edli, kdy, zaslechnuv krvavou bitvu, vystoupal nad rozbou\u0159en\u00fd Kavkaz n\u00e1\u0161 dvouhlav\u00fd orel. Ztichl sve\u0159ep\u00fd pok\u0159ik v\u00e1lky: v\u0161e je podd\u00e1no rusk\u00e9mu me\u010di. Hrd\u00ed synov\u00e9 Kavkazu, bojovali a um\u00edrali jste hrozn\u011b, nezachr\u00e1nila v\u00e1s v\u0161ak va\u0161e krev, ani za\u010darovan\u00e9 brn\u011bn\u00ed, ani hory, ani udatn\u00ed kon\u011b, ani l\u00e1ska k\u00a0divok\u00e9 volnosti.)<\/em><\/blockquote>\r\n<em>B\u00e1se\u0148 Kavkazsk\u00fd v\u011bze\u0148<\/em>\r\n\r\nZde ocitujeme \u010derstv\u00fd rozhovor, kter\u00fd badatelka poskytla:\r\n\r\n\u201eV\u0161echny obrazy Ruska a sv\u011bta vykreslen\u00e9 rusk\u00fdmi spisovateli se uv\u00e1d\u011bly do striktn\u00edho souladu s\u00a0politikou carsk\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu a st\u00e1tu sov\u011btsk\u00e9ho.\r\n\r\nNev\u00edm, zda se to d\u011blalo kv\u016fli tomu, \u017ee spisovatel\u00e9 cht\u011bli b\u00fdt vyd\u00e1ni, nebo \u017ee propagand\u011b skute\u010dn\u011b v\u011b\u0159ili\u00a0\u2013 t\u011b\u017eko \u0159\u00edct. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b to vede k\u00a0vytvo\u0159en\u00ed negativn\u00edho obrazu nap\u0159. Ukrajiny nebo Polska za Z\u00e1pad\u011b, to se v\u0161ak v\u00a0Rusku d\u011bje po\u0159\u00e1d. Popisy jazyk\u016f men\u0161in a samotn\u00fdch etnick\u00fdch men\u0161in jsou tu v\u017edy negativn\u00ed\u201c. Podrobn\u011bji <a href=\"https:\/\/texty.org.ua\/articles\/109207\/tik-tok-chasiv-napoleona-yak-rosijska-imperska-literatura-formuvala-spryjnyattya-rosiyi-v-sviti\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u010dt\u011bte zde<\/a> <em>(ukrajinsky)<\/em>.\r\n\r\nTento rusk\u00fd liter\u00e1rn\u00ed odkaz nebyl dosud p\u0159ehodnocen, proto st\u00e1le znovu zp\u016fsobuje u\u00a0Rus\u016f pocit, \u017ee jsou vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e poroben\u00e9 n\u00e1rody.\r\n\r\nDokonce ani tak vyt\u0159\u00edben\u00fd b\u00e1sn\u00edk, dr\u017eitel Nobelovy ceny, jako je Iosif Brodskij, nevid\u011bl \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd probl\u00e9m pon\u00ed\u017eit Ukrajince ve sv\u00e9 poezii. Ocitujme b\u00e1se\u0148 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.culture.ru\/poems\/30468\/na-nezavisimost-ukrainy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Na nez\u00e1vislost Ukrajiny<\/a>:\r\n<blockquote>...\u041f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0435 \u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0413\u0430\u043d\u0441\u044b\r\n\u0441 \u043b\u044f\u0445\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u044f\u0442 \u0432\u0430\u0441 \u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0446\u044b.\r\n\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0442\u043b\u044e \u043b\u0435\u0437\u0442\u044c, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0430, \u0441\u0443\u043a \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0432 \u0447\u0430\u0449\u0435,\r\n\u0430 \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0443 \u0438\u0437 \u0431\u043e\u0440\u0449\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u044b\u0437\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0443 \u0441\u043b\u0430\u0449\u0435?\r\n\r\n<em>(P\u0159eklad: A\u0165 nyn\u00ed v\u00a0hlin\u011bn\u00e9 chatce v\u00e1s Skop\u010d\u00e1ci s\u00a0P\u0161onky jednohlasn\u011b stav\u011bj\u00ed na \u010dty\u0159i kosti, vy zmetkov\u00e9. Kdy\u017e se leze do opr\u00e1tky, pak spole\u010dn\u011b vyb\u00edr\u00e1me v\u00a0hou\u0161tin\u011b v\u011btev, ale hlodat slepici z\u00a0bor\u0161\u010de je milej\u0161\u00ed o\u00a0samot\u011b?)<\/em>\r\n\r\nM\u016f\u017eeme uv\u00e9st i dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edklady.<\/blockquote>\r\n<h2><strong>5. Fale\u0161n\u00fd internacionalismus v SSSR<\/strong><\/h2>\r\nZde velmi stru\u010dn\u011b p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00edme <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/opinions\/2023\/1\/24\/how-western-scholars-overlooked-russian-imperialism\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sloupek<\/a> kaza\u0161sk\u00e9 badatelky Botakoz Kassymbekovov\u00e9, kter\u00e1 dnes p\u016fsob\u00ed na Basilejsk\u00e9 univerzit\u011b <em>(anglicky)<\/em>.\r\n\r\n\u201eMnoz\u00ed na z\u00e1padn\u00edch univerzit\u00e1ch se nechali zl\u00e1kat protikoloni\u00e1ln\u00edm narativem, kter\u00fd se Moskva sna\u017eila prodat, proto\u017ee ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed brali za bernou minci. Z\u00e1padn\u00ed v\u011bda \u010dasto p\u0159ehl\u00ed\u017eela skute\u010dnost, \u017ee Stalin byl posedl\u00fd udr\u017een\u00edm rusk\u00fdch \u0159\u00ed\u0161sk\u00fdch hranic a pou\u017e\u00edval n\u00e1stroje obvykl\u00e9 pro carsk\u00e9 imperi\u00e1ln\u00ed Rusko: etnick\u00e9 \u010distky, potla\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed odli\u0161n\u00fdch n\u00e1zor\u016f, pot\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed etnick\u00fdch hnut\u00ed, uplatn\u011bn\u00ed v\u00fdsad pro ruskou etnickou p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nost a kulturu.\r\n\r\nSov\u011btsk\u00e1 kolonialita byla odm\u00edt\u00e1na tak\u00e9 proto, \u017ee poznatky o\u00a0Sov\u011btsk\u00e9m svazu na Z\u00e1pad\u011b byly rusocentrick\u00e9. Sov\u011btsk\u00fd svaz b\u00fdval \u010dasto ozna\u010dov\u00e1n prost\u011b jako Rusko.\r\n\r\nZ\u00e1padn\u00ed v\u011bda se tak\u00e9 zam\u011b\u0159ovala p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b na sov\u011btsk\u00e9 metropole, Moskvu a Leningrad. O\u00a0sov\u011btsk\u00fdch perif\u00e9ri\u00edch se toho v\u011bd\u011blo velmi m\u00e1lo, ne-li v\u016fbec, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee nikdo ve skute\u010dnosti nech\u00e1pal povst\u00e1n\u00ed ve St\u0159edn\u00ed Asii, na Kavkaze nebo v\u00a0Pobalt\u00ed od konce 1980.\u00a0let a pozd\u011bji nebo krveprolit\u00ed v\u00a0T\u00e1d\u017eikist\u00e1nu, N\u00e1horn\u00edm Karabachu, Podn\u011bst\u0159\u00ed, Abch\u00e1zii, Ji\u017en\u00ed Osetii \u010di pozd\u011bji v\u00a0\u010ce\u010densku.\r\n\r\nVlnu dekolonizace v\u00a0Africe, na Bl\u00edzk\u00e9m V\u00fdchod\u011b, v\u00a0Ji\u017en\u00ed a Jihov\u00fdchodn\u00ed Asii, kter\u00e1 za\u010dala po Druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce, doprov\u00e1zely v\u011bdeck\u00e9 debaty a zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed koloni\u00e1ln\u00edho d\u011bdictv\u00ed a n\u00e1stroj\u016f n\u00e1sil\u00ed. Naproti tomu rozpad Sov\u011btsk\u00e9ho svazu v\u00a0roce 1991 ke zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed rusk\u00e9ho imperi\u00e1ln\u00edho odkazu nevedl.\r\n\r\nV\u00a0samotn\u00e9m Rusku p\u0159evl\u00e1dal narativ ob\u011bti.\r\n\r\nNa Z\u00e1pad\u011b byla aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed my\u0161lenka, \u017ee Sov\u011btsk\u00fd svaz byl internacionalistick\u00fdm experimentem, zat\u00edmco jeho krach byl pokl\u00e1d\u00e1n za konec tohoto experimentu.\r\n\r\nK\u00a0pochopen\u00ed Ruska je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed vyslechnout ty, kte\u0159\u00ed \u017eili pod ruskou koloni\u00e1ln\u00ed nadvl\u00e1dou. Abychom porozum\u011bli n\u011bkdej\u0161\u00edm a sou\u010dasn\u00fdm rusk\u00fdm koloni\u00edm pot\u0159ebujeme naslouchat historik\u016fm z\u00a0t\u011bchto m\u00edst a studovat jejich kultury, jazyky a d\u011bjiny, jak psan\u00e9, tak nepsan\u00e9. K\u00a0vyhodnocen\u00ed cest opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed koloni\u00e1ln\u00edch diktatur je t\u0159eba studovat \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 p\u0159em\u011bny st\u00e1t\u016f jako je Ukrajina. K\u00a0tomu je v\u0161ak zapot\u0159eb\u00ed odm\u00edtnout m\u00fdtus o\u00a0\u201eum\u011bl\u00e9m n\u00e1rod\u011b\u201c a definitivn\u011b vid\u011bt Rusko jako \u0159\u00ed\u0161i\u201c.\r\n<h2><strong>Jak to lze zm\u011bnit<\/strong><\/h2>\r\nTeprve po v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdch por\u00e1\u017ek\u00e1ch a hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9m zhroucen\u00ed se sna\u017eila \u010d\u00e1st rusk\u00fdch kulturn\u00edch elit sv\u00e9 d\u011bjiny p\u0159ehodnotit. Nikdy to v\u0161ak netrvalo dlouho. Po ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dasti v\u00a0Prvn\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 vypukla v\u00a0Rusku revoluce, car abdikoval, parlament jmenoval Kerensk\u00e9ho vl\u00e1du. Demokracie trvala necel\u00fd rok, pak v\u00a0Rusku zavl\u00e1dla nov\u00e1 diktatura, SSSR.\r\n\r\nS\u00a0vidinou hroz\u00edc\u00edho hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho krachu se SSSR pokusil zreformovat, tehdej\u0161\u00ed moskevsk\u00e1 m\u00e9dia p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ela spoustu poutav\u00fdch a hr\u016fzn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f o\u00a0sov\u011btsk\u00fdch zlo\u010dinech.\r\n\r\nNicm\u00e9n\u011b toto v\u0161e skon\u010dilo diktaturou Putina, kter\u00fd je dnes u\u00a0moci ji\u017e 23\u00a0let a st\u00e1le m\u00e1 konstantn\u011b velkou podporu Rus\u016f.\r\n\r\nPo rozpadu Sov\u011btsk\u00e9ho svazu a zejm\u00e9na po por\u00e1\u017ece v\u00a0Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1nu propukla kritick\u00e1 vlna v\u016f\u010di vojensk\u00e9mu dob\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed. Ta v\u0161ak rychle opadla, pak dokonce i jej\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznivci se vr\u00e1tili do obvykl\u00e9ho \u0159e\u010di\u0161t\u011b \u00fato\u010dnosti v\u016f\u010di sv\u011btu a nad\u0159azenosti k\u00a0poroben\u00fdm n\u00e1rod\u016fm. Zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fd film Bratr\u00a02 je toho v\u00fdmluvnou uk\u00e1zkou.\r\n\r\nBezpe\u010dn\u00fdm Ruskem pro sv\u011bt je tedy to, kter\u00e9 se po ok\u00e1zal\u00e9 por\u00e1\u017ece v\u00a0Ukrajin\u011b rozpadne na v\u00edce st\u00e1t\u016f, jak se to stalo s\u00a0Britsk\u00fdm imp\u00e9riem. V\u00a0Severn\u00ed Americe jsou dv\u011b anglicky mluv\u00edc\u00ed zem\u011b. Stejn\u011b tak m\u016f\u017ee existovat i n\u011bkolik rusky mluv\u00edc\u00edch zem\u00ed v\u00a0Eurasii, na \u00fazem\u00ed dne\u0161n\u00edho Ruska, kde st\u00e1le \u017eije mnoho poroben\u00fdch n\u00e1rod\u016f, kter\u00e9 za\u017eily genocidy, z\u00e1kazy mate\u0159sk\u00e9ho jazyka, odsuny, z\u00e1bory majetku apod. N\u011bkter\u00e9 z\u00a0nich maj\u00ed svou form\u00e1ln\u00ed autonomii, n\u011bkter\u00e9 ani ne.\r\n\r\nExistuj\u00ed neshody mezi Rusy \u017eij\u00edc\u00edmi na Sibi\u0159i a t\u011bmi z\u00a0evropsk\u00e9ho Ruska. Rusov\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed budou \u017e\u00edt v\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdch st\u00e1tech, dok\u00e1\u017eou l\u00e9pe nakl\u00e1dat se sv\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edmi zdroji a \u017e\u00edt z\u00e1mo\u017en\u011bji, ani\u017e by utr\u00e1celi \u0161\u00edlen\u00e9 prost\u0159edky na konfrontaci s\u00a0cel\u00fdm sv\u011btem.\r\n\r\nRusov\u00e9 z\u00a0asijsk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti tak\u00e9 maj\u00ed strach z\u00a0\u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 rozp\u00ednavosti a nemaj\u00ed r\u00e1di komunisty, jejich st\u00e1ty se tedy stanou p\u0159irozen\u00fdmi spojenci USA, Evropy a Japonska, tedy demokratick\u00e9ho sv\u011bta. Z\u00e1nikem posledn\u00ed \u0159\u00ed\u0161e tak\u00e9 podstatn\u011b zesl\u00e1bnou imperialistick\u00e9 ambice, nov\u011b vznikl\u00e9 st\u00e1ty budou pot\u0159ebovat investice a nov\u00e9 technologie. Pro z\u00e1padn\u00ed podnikatele bude v\u00fdhodn\u00e9 s\u00a0nimi obchodovat.\r\n\r\nPoroben\u00e9 n\u00e1rody dostanou \u0161anci obnovit svou ztracenou kulturu a jazyk.\r\n\r\nZ\u00e1padn\u00ed vl\u00e1dy maj\u00ed obavy, \u017ee by jadern\u00e9 zbran\u011b, kter\u00e9 dnes v\u00a0Rusku jsou, v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b kolapsu mohly dostat do rukou terorist\u016f. SSSR se v\u0161ak rozpadl a \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 zbran\u011b na \u010dern\u00fd trh nezam\u00ed\u0159ily. Ukrajina pak dokonce souhlasila s\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee sv\u016fj zd\u011bd\u011bn\u00fd jadern\u00fd arsen\u00e1l nech\u00e1 zutilizovat. Aby rusk\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 zbran\u011b neskon\u010dily v\u00a0rukou terorist\u016f, m\u011bly by z\u00e1padn\u00ed vl\u00e1dy ji\u017e dnes pracovat na r\u016fzn\u00fdch sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u00edch a p\u0159epravovat se na nevyhnuteln\u00e9, a sice na rozpad Ruska.\r\n\r\n<hr \/>\r\n\r\n<em>Autor: <a href=\"https:\/\/texty.org.ua\/author\/orest-zoh\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Orest Zoh<\/a>\r\nZdroj: <a href=\"https:\/\/texty.org.ua\/articles\/109421\/yak-poyasnyty-yevropejcyam-sut-vijny-rosiyi-proty-ukrayiny\/?fbclid=IwAR1dlu76oHr8XiS0M476dfBZjMpems8okYuYckK2BPMlv9zMzVc9Y6qzYNE\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Texty.org.ua<\/a> 14.\u00a04.\u00a02023\r\nP\u0159eklad: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/scyhol\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Svatoslav \u0160\u010dyhol<\/a><\/em>","amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10019","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/78"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10019"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10019\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10021,"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10019\/revisions\/10021"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10020"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10019"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10019"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10019"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}