{"id":3582,"date":"2017-10-06T19:07:51","date_gmt":"2017-10-06T19:07:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/?p=3582"},"modified":"2017-10-06T20:24:27","modified_gmt":"2017-10-06T20:24:27","slug":"proc-katalansko-neni-krym","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/proc-katalansko-neni-krym\/","title":{"rendered":"Pro\u010d Katal\u00e1nsko nen\u00ed Krym"},"content":{"rendered":"

Po referendu o\u00a0samostatnosti Katal\u00e1nska, kter\u00e9 vzbudilo velk\u00fd rozruch, mnoho expert\u016f a u\u017eivatel\u016f soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00ed na Ukrajin\u011b za\u010dalo zcela ne\u010dekan\u011b srovn\u00e1vat katal\u00e1nskou kauzu s\u00a0tou krymskou a tvrdit, \u017ee by p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 uzn\u00e1n\u00ed Katal\u00e1nska jako samostatn\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu mohlo uzav\u0159\u00edt cestu k\u00a0navr\u00e1cen\u00ed Krymu do ukrajinsk\u00e9 spr\u00e1vy, a \u017ee pr\u00e1v\u011b proto by Ukrajinci nem\u011bli Katal\u00e1nce podporovat. Toto tvrzen\u00ed ani z\u00e1v\u011br z\u00a0n\u011bj vyvozen\u00fd v\u0161ak nedok\u00e1\u017ee \u010delit kritice.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Je celkem jasn\u00e9, \u017ee ukrajinsk\u00fd st\u00e1t by m\u011bl z\u00a0\u00facty k\u00a0mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edmu pr\u00e1vu podporovat \u00fazemn\u00ed integritu \u0160pan\u011blska a\u017e do dne, kdy \u0160pan\u011blsko samostatnost Katal\u00e1nsk\u00e9 republiky samo uzn\u00e1. Pr\u00e1v\u011b shodn\u00e9 stanovisko Ukrajina zast\u00e1v\u00e1 i v\u016f\u010di jak\u00fdmkoli dal\u0161\u00edm sv\u00e9voln\u011b vyhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00fdm st\u00e1t\u016fm v\u010detn\u011b Kosovsk\u00e9 republiky, jej\u00ed\u017e samostatnost uznala v\u011bt\u0161ina zem\u00ed Evropsk\u00e9 unie a Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty.<\/p>\n

Zdaleka to v\u0161ak neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee by touhy Katal\u00e1nc\u016f m\u011bli vn\u00edmat podobn\u011b i \u0159adov\u00ed Ukrajinci. Alespo\u0148 proto, \u017ee v\u00a0roce 1991 byla jejich vlastn\u00ed zem\u011b ve stejn\u00e9 situaci jako dne\u0161n\u00ed Katal\u00e1nsko, kdy tehdej\u0161\u00ed prezident Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f z\u00a0tribuny ukrajinsk\u00e9ho parlamentu vyz\u00fdval Ukrajince, aby podpo\u0159ili snahy o\u00a0zachov\u00e1n\u00ed a upevn\u011bn\u00ed Sov\u011btsk\u00e9ho svazu.<\/p>\n

Z\u00a0pohledu mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho pr\u00e1va m\u011bl George Bush senior naprostou pravdu: SSSR byl zaveden\u00fdm funguj\u00edc\u00edm st\u00e1tem, zast\u00e1nci ukrajinsk\u00e9 st\u00e1tnosti zase separatisty, kte\u0159\u00ed ohro\u017eovali stabilitu a ust\u00e1len\u00fd sv\u011btov\u00fd \u0159\u00e1d. Jen\u017ee ukrajinsk\u00fd lid rozhodl jinak.<\/p>\n

Neobstoj\u00ed p\u0159ed kritikou ani argument, \u017ee katal\u00e1nsk\u00e9 snahy o\u00a0samostatnost podporovat nesm\u00edme, proto\u017ee mezi jejich p\u0159\u00edznivci je v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed po\u010det z\u00e1stupc\u016f levicov\u00fdch, ba dokonce extr\u00e9mn\u011b levicov\u00fdch organizac\u00ed a nechyb\u00ed tu ani podporovatel\u00e9 Putina a \u201eDLR\u201c. Hnut\u00ed za samostatnost je toti\u017e jevem celon\u00e1rodn\u00edm.<\/p>\n

Samostatn\u00fd ukrajinsk\u00fd st\u00e1t vyhl\u00e1sil 24.\u00a0srpna 1991 ukrajinsk\u00fd parlament v\u011bt\u0161inou hlas\u016f, p\u0159esto\u017ee ho z\u00a0v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti tvo\u0159ili komunisti\u010dt\u00ed funkcion\u00e1\u0159i, odp\u016frci demokracie, tr\u017en\u00edch reforem a samotn\u00e9 my\u0161lenky samostatn\u00e9 Ukrajiny. V\u00a0den vyhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed samostatnosti tito lid\u00e9 ani neumo\u017enili vn\u00e9st do parlamentn\u00ed jednac\u00ed s\u00edn\u011b modro\u017elutou vlajku, a kdy\u017e sem byla tato vlajka z\u00a0moskevsk\u00fdch barik\u00e1d p\u0159ece jen propa\u0161ov\u00e1na, byla opovr\u017eliv\u011b um\u00edst\u011bna za sochu prav\u00e9 modly \u201eotc\u016f samostatnosti\u201c Vladimira Lenina. P\u0159esn\u011b tak, nikoli Stepana Bandery, ba dokonce ani Tarase \u0160ev\u010denka, ale Vladimira Lenina. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tyto n\u00e1lady ukrajinsk\u00fdch funkcion\u00e1\u0159\u016f tehdy poskytli \u201edemokratick\u00fdm\u201c z\u00e1stupc\u016fm rusk\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy z\u00e1minku, aby po\u017e\u00e1dali Gorba\u010dova a Jelcina o\u00a0vysl\u00e1n\u00ed tank\u016f do Kyjeva a zastaven\u00ed od\u0161t\u011bpov\u00e1n\u00ed \u201ekomunistick\u00e9\u201c Ukrajiny od \u201enov\u00e9ho\u201c Ruska a \u201eobnoven\u00e9ho\u201c SSSR.<\/p>\n

Nem\u011bli bychom srovn\u00e1vat Katal\u00e1nsko a Krym ani z\u00a0pohledu st\u00e1tnick\u00e9ho odkazu. Katal\u00e1nsko se li\u0161\u00ed od zbytku \u00fazem\u00ed dne\u0161n\u00edho \u0160pan\u011blska alespo\u0148 t\u00edm, \u017ee prakticky neza\u017eilo obdob\u00ed muslimsk\u00e9 nadvl\u00e1dy a existovalo jako samostatn\u00fd st\u00e1t u\u017e v\u00a0dob\u011b, kdy ostatn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti tohoto st\u00e1tu pat\u0159ily k\u00a0nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm emir\u00e1t\u016fm, co\u017e bylo pr\u00e1v\u011b p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou v\u00fdrazn\u00fdch civiliza\u010dn\u00edch rozd\u00edl\u016f. Katal\u00e1nsk\u00fd n\u00e1rod z\u00e1pasil bu\u010f o\u00a0samostatnost, nebo o\u00a0autonomii b\u011bhem cel\u00fdch sv\u00fdch tis\u00edcilet\u00fdch d\u011bjin.<\/p>\n

D\u011bjiny Krymu dopadly jinak. Po okupaci poloostrova arm\u00e1dou c\u00edsa\u0159ovny Kate\u0159iny\u00a0II. byla jeho st\u00e1tnost zcela zru\u0161ena a velk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st obyvatelstva poroben\u00e9 zem\u011b doslova vy\u0161tv\u00e1na do Osmansk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e.<\/p>\n

Autonomii v\u00a0r\u00e1mci sov\u011btsk\u00e9ho Ruska Krym z\u00edskal teprve o\u00a0p\u016fldruh\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed pozd\u011bji, neuplynula v\u0161ak ani t\u0159i desetilet\u00ed, ne\u017e byly zbytky p\u016fvodn\u00edch n\u00e1rod\u016f z\u00a0jeho \u00fazem\u00ed vyhn\u00e1ny.<\/p>\n

Obnoven\u00ed autonomie nevedlo k\u00a0zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed pr\u00e1v krymsk\u00fdch Tatar\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed se pr\u00e1v\u011b vraceli do sv\u00e9 domoviny. Dalo by se \u0159\u00edct, \u017ee tu \u0161lo sp\u00ed\u0161 o\u00a0\u201eprotitatarskou\u201c autonomii, dokonce ani o\u00a0autonomii ruskou, ale o\u00a0autonomii, kter\u00e1 zakonzervovala zvyklosti zanikl\u00e9ho SSSR. Dovol\u00edm si p\u0159ipomenout, \u017ee z\u00e1stupci p\u016fvodn\u00edho etnika, kter\u00e9 se na poloostrov vr\u00e1tilo, dnes nemluv\u00ed o\u00a0\u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 samostatnosti a prosazuj\u00ed autonomii v\u00a0r\u00e1mci nikoli Ruska, ale Ukrajiny.<\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00edpravy katal\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho referenda, a\u0165 si o\u00a0samotn\u00e9 legitimit\u011b tohoto procesu mysl\u00edme cokoliv, trvaly n\u011bkolik let, hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159edch\u00e1zela \u0159ada diskuz\u00ed a proveden\u00fd poradn\u00ed pr\u016fzkum. V\u00a0katal\u00e1nsk\u00fdch parlamentn\u00edch volb\u00e1ch zv\u00edt\u011bzily strany, kter\u00e9 se netajily t\u00edm, \u017ee usiluj\u00ed o\u00a0samostatnost. Naproti tomu na Krymu prakticky neexistovaly politick\u00e9 s\u00edly, kter\u00e9 by usilovaly o\u00a0samostatnost poloostrova nebo alespo\u0148 o\u00a0jeho p\u0159ipojen\u00ed k\u00a0Rusku.<\/p>\n

Zat\u00edmco hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0katal\u00e1nsk\u00e9m parlamentu neovliv\u0148ovali \u017e\u00e1dn\u00ed ciz\u00ed voj\u00e1ci, v\u00a0tom krymsk\u00e9m se hlasovalo s\u00a0nam\u00ed\u0159en\u00fdmi samopaly. Pod dohledem okupa\u010dn\u00edch jednotek se konalo i krymsk\u00e9 \u201ereferendum\u201c. Nejz\u00e1sadn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u0161ak je, \u017ee ne\u0161lo o\u00a0referendum o\u00a0samostatnosti, n\u00fdbr\u017e o\u00a0p\u0159ipojen\u00ed k\u00a0Rusku! Ot\u00e1zku samostatnosti Krymu odhlasoval zdej\u0161\u00ed parlament jen jako mezistupe\u0148, kter\u00fd umo\u017enil Rusku poloostrov anektovat, ani\u017e by muselo zm\u011bnit vlastn\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed \u00fapravu.<\/p>\n

Ot\u00e1zka samostatnosti Krymu nikdy nebyla p\u0159edm\u011btem ani \u201ePot\u011bmkinova\u201c v\u0161elidov\u00e9ho hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed. Odhlasovali ji poslanci, kte\u0159\u00ed sv\u00fdm voli\u010d\u016fm nic takov\u00e9ho nikdy nesl\u00edbili. Srovn\u00e1vat Katal\u00e1nsko a Krym tedy znamen\u00e1 srovn\u00e1vat svobodn\u00fd projev v\u016fle n\u00e1roda, by\u0165 t\u0159ikr\u00e1t nelegitimn\u00ed, s\u00a0hlasov\u00e1n\u00edm s\u00a0nam\u00ed\u0159en\u00fdmi samopaly. Znamenalo by to ten nejlep\u0161\u00ed d\u00e1rek pro okupanty Krymu.<\/p>\n

A nakonec: opravdu by mohlo uzn\u00e1n\u00ed katal\u00e1nsk\u00e9 samostatnosti ovlivnit krymsk\u00fd probl\u00e9m? V\u00a0\u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b. Cesta ven z\u00a0katal\u00e1nsk\u00e9 slep\u00e9 uli\u010dky vede skrze hled\u00e1n\u00ed vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9ho porozum\u011bn\u00ed mezi Madridem a Barcelonou, mezi Katal\u00e1nskem a zbytkem \u0160pan\u011blska. Je to volba svobodn\u00fdch lid\u00ed v\u00a0demokratick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0situaci s\u00a0Krymem nejde o\u00a0odtr\u017een\u00ed, ale o\u00a0okupaci \u010d\u00e1sti jedn\u00e9 zem\u011b jinou zem\u00ed s\u00a0demonstrativn\u00ed ignorac\u00ed pr\u00e1v p\u016fvodn\u00edch obyvatel dot\u010den\u00e9ho \u00fazem\u00ed. A kdyby se na Ukrajin\u011b skute\u010dn\u011b myslelo na budoucnost Krymu, u\u017e by se d\u00e1vno pochopilo, \u017ee cesta ke zvratu anexe spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v\u00a0zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed pr\u00e1v krymsk\u00fdch Tatar\u016f na n\u00e1rodn\u00ed sebeur\u010den\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\n

Autor: Vitalij Portnykov<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

Zdroj: Krym.Realii<\/a>, 4.\u00a0\u0159\u00edjna 2017<\/em><\/p>\n

Tituln\u00ed foto: Mu\u017e dr\u017e\u00ed esteladu, neofici\u00e1ln\u00ed vlajku katal\u00e1nsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed. Barcelona, 1.\u00a0\u0159\u00edjne 2017<\/em><\/p>\n

P\u0159eklad: Svatoslav \u0160\u010dyhol<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Po referendu o\u00a0samostatnosti Katal\u00e1nska, kter\u00e9 vzbudilo velk\u00fd rozruch, mnoho expert\u016f a u\u017eivatel\u016f soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00ed na Ukrajin\u011b za\u010dalo…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":78,"featured_media":3583,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[523,522,516,519],"tags":[191,3001,193],"class_list":["post-3582","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analytics","category-crimea","category-all-news","category-world","tag-anexe-krymu","tag-katalansko","tag-okupace-krymu"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nPro\u010d Katal\u00e1nsko nen\u00ed Krym - InformNapalm.org (\u010ce\u0161tina)<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/proc-katalansko-neni-krym\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Pro\u010d Katal\u00e1nsko nen\u00ed Krym - InformNapalm.org (\u010ce\u0161tina)\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Po referendu o\u00a0samostatnosti Katal\u00e1nska, kter\u00e9 vzbudilo velk\u00fd rozruch, mnoho expert\u016f a u\u017eivatel\u016f soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00ed na Ukrajin\u011b za\u010dalo...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/proc-katalansko-neni-krym\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"InformNapalm.org (\u010ce\u0161tina)\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2017-10-06T19:07:51+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2017-10-06T20:24:27+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2017\/10\/Pro-Katal-nsko-nen-Krym.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1023\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"575\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"svatoslav\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"svatoslav\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/proc-katalansko-neni-krym\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/proc-katalansko-neni-krym\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"svatoslav\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/#\/schema\/person\/df2cf86bd5e35ae01a82d1108d3c5f51\"},\"headline\":\"Pro\u010d Katal\u00e1nsko nen\u00ed Krym\",\"datePublished\":\"2017-10-06T19:07:51+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2017-10-06T20:24:27+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/proc-katalansko-neni-krym\/\"},\"wordCount\":1123,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/proc-katalansko-neni-krym\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2017\/10\/Pro-Katal-nsko-nen-Krym.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"anexe Krymu\",\"Katal\u00e1nsko\",\"okupace Krymu\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Analytika\",\"Krym\",\"Novinky\",\"Sv\u011btov\u00fd\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/proc-katalansko-neni-krym\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/proc-katalansko-neni-krym\/\",\"name\":\"Pro\u010d Katal\u00e1nsko nen\u00ed Krym - 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Toto tvrzen\u00ed ani z\u00e1v\u011br z\u00a0n\u011bj vyvozen\u00fd v\u0161ak nedok\u00e1\u017ee \u010delit kritice.<\/strong><!--more-->\r\n\r\nJe celkem jasn\u00e9, \u017ee ukrajinsk\u00fd st\u00e1t by m\u011bl z\u00a0\u00facty k\u00a0mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edmu pr\u00e1vu podporovat \u00fazemn\u00ed integritu \u0160pan\u011blska a\u017e do dne, kdy \u0160pan\u011blsko samostatnost Katal\u00e1nsk\u00e9 republiky samo uzn\u00e1. Pr\u00e1v\u011b shodn\u00e9 stanovisko Ukrajina zast\u00e1v\u00e1 i v\u016f\u010di jak\u00fdmkoli dal\u0161\u00edm sv\u00e9voln\u011b vyhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00fdm st\u00e1t\u016fm v\u010detn\u011b Kosovsk\u00e9 republiky, jej\u00ed\u017e samostatnost uznala v\u011bt\u0161ina zem\u00ed Evropsk\u00e9 unie a Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty.\r\n\r\nZdaleka to v\u0161ak neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee by touhy Katal\u00e1nc\u016f m\u011bli vn\u00edmat podobn\u011b i \u0159adov\u00ed Ukrajinci. Alespo\u0148 proto, \u017ee v\u00a0roce 1991 byla jejich vlastn\u00ed zem\u011b ve stejn\u00e9 situaci jako dne\u0161n\u00ed Katal\u00e1nsko, kdy tehdej\u0161\u00ed prezident Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f z\u00a0tribuny ukrajinsk\u00e9ho parlamentu vyz\u00fdval Ukrajince, aby podpo\u0159ili snahy o\u00a0zachov\u00e1n\u00ed a upevn\u011bn\u00ed Sov\u011btsk\u00e9ho svazu.\r\n\r\nZ\u00a0pohledu mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho pr\u00e1va m\u011bl George Bush senior naprostou pravdu: SSSR byl zaveden\u00fdm funguj\u00edc\u00edm st\u00e1tem, zast\u00e1nci ukrajinsk\u00e9 st\u00e1tnosti zase separatisty, kte\u0159\u00ed ohro\u017eovali stabilitu a ust\u00e1len\u00fd sv\u011btov\u00fd \u0159\u00e1d. Jen\u017ee ukrajinsk\u00fd lid rozhodl jinak.\r\n\r\nNeobstoj\u00ed p\u0159ed kritikou ani argument, \u017ee katal\u00e1nsk\u00e9 snahy o\u00a0samostatnost podporovat nesm\u00edme, proto\u017ee mezi jejich p\u0159\u00edznivci je v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed po\u010det z\u00e1stupc\u016f levicov\u00fdch, ba dokonce extr\u00e9mn\u011b levicov\u00fdch organizac\u00ed a nechyb\u00ed tu ani podporovatel\u00e9 Putina a \u201eDLR\u201c. Hnut\u00ed za samostatnost je toti\u017e jevem celon\u00e1rodn\u00edm.\r\n\r\nSamostatn\u00fd ukrajinsk\u00fd st\u00e1t vyhl\u00e1sil 24.\u00a0srpna 1991 ukrajinsk\u00fd parlament v\u011bt\u0161inou hlas\u016f, p\u0159esto\u017ee ho z\u00a0v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti tvo\u0159ili komunisti\u010dt\u00ed funkcion\u00e1\u0159i, odp\u016frci demokracie, tr\u017en\u00edch reforem a samotn\u00e9 my\u0161lenky samostatn\u00e9 Ukrajiny. V\u00a0den vyhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed samostatnosti tito lid\u00e9 ani neumo\u017enili vn\u00e9st do parlamentn\u00ed jednac\u00ed s\u00edn\u011b modro\u017elutou vlajku, a kdy\u017e sem byla tato vlajka z\u00a0moskevsk\u00fdch barik\u00e1d p\u0159ece jen propa\u0161ov\u00e1na, byla opovr\u017eliv\u011b um\u00edst\u011bna za sochu prav\u00e9 modly \u201eotc\u016f samostatnosti\u201c Vladimira Lenina. P\u0159esn\u011b tak, nikoli Stepana Bandery, ba dokonce ani Tarase \u0160ev\u010denka, ale Vladimira Lenina. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tyto n\u00e1lady ukrajinsk\u00fdch funkcion\u00e1\u0159\u016f tehdy poskytli \u201edemokratick\u00fdm\u201c z\u00e1stupc\u016fm rusk\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy z\u00e1minku, aby po\u017e\u00e1dali Gorba\u010dova a Jelcina o\u00a0vysl\u00e1n\u00ed tank\u016f do Kyjeva a zastaven\u00ed od\u0161t\u011bpov\u00e1n\u00ed \u201ekomunistick\u00e9\u201c Ukrajiny od \u201enov\u00e9ho\u201c Ruska a \u201eobnoven\u00e9ho\u201c SSSR.\r\n\r\nNem\u011bli bychom srovn\u00e1vat Katal\u00e1nsko a Krym ani z\u00a0pohledu st\u00e1tnick\u00e9ho odkazu. Katal\u00e1nsko se li\u0161\u00ed od zbytku \u00fazem\u00ed dne\u0161n\u00edho \u0160pan\u011blska alespo\u0148 t\u00edm, \u017ee prakticky neza\u017eilo obdob\u00ed muslimsk\u00e9 nadvl\u00e1dy a existovalo jako samostatn\u00fd st\u00e1t u\u017e v\u00a0dob\u011b, kdy ostatn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti tohoto st\u00e1tu pat\u0159ily k\u00a0nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm emir\u00e1t\u016fm, co\u017e bylo pr\u00e1v\u011b p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou v\u00fdrazn\u00fdch civiliza\u010dn\u00edch rozd\u00edl\u016f. Katal\u00e1nsk\u00fd n\u00e1rod z\u00e1pasil bu\u010f o\u00a0samostatnost, nebo o\u00a0autonomii b\u011bhem cel\u00fdch sv\u00fdch tis\u00edcilet\u00fdch d\u011bjin.\r\n\r\nD\u011bjiny Krymu dopadly jinak. Po okupaci poloostrova arm\u00e1dou c\u00edsa\u0159ovny Kate\u0159iny\u00a0II. byla jeho st\u00e1tnost zcela zru\u0161ena a velk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st obyvatelstva poroben\u00e9 zem\u011b doslova vy\u0161tv\u00e1na do Osmansk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e.\r\n\r\nAutonomii v\u00a0r\u00e1mci sov\u011btsk\u00e9ho Ruska Krym z\u00edskal teprve o\u00a0p\u016fldruh\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed pozd\u011bji, neuplynula v\u0161ak ani t\u0159i desetilet\u00ed, ne\u017e byly zbytky p\u016fvodn\u00edch n\u00e1rod\u016f z\u00a0jeho \u00fazem\u00ed vyhn\u00e1ny.\r\n\r\nObnoven\u00ed autonomie nevedlo k\u00a0zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed pr\u00e1v krymsk\u00fdch Tatar\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed se pr\u00e1v\u011b vraceli do sv\u00e9 domoviny. Dalo by se \u0159\u00edct, \u017ee tu \u0161lo sp\u00ed\u0161 o\u00a0\u201eprotitatarskou\u201c autonomii, dokonce ani o\u00a0autonomii ruskou, ale o\u00a0autonomii, kter\u00e1 zakonzervovala zvyklosti zanikl\u00e9ho SSSR. Dovol\u00edm si p\u0159ipomenout, \u017ee z\u00e1stupci p\u016fvodn\u00edho etnika, kter\u00e9 se na poloostrov vr\u00e1tilo, dnes nemluv\u00ed o\u00a0\u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 samostatnosti a prosazuj\u00ed autonomii v\u00a0r\u00e1mci nikoli Ruska, ale Ukrajiny.\r\n\r\nP\u0159\u00edpravy katal\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho referenda, a\u0165 si o\u00a0samotn\u00e9 legitimit\u011b tohoto procesu mysl\u00edme cokoliv, trvaly n\u011bkolik let, hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159edch\u00e1zela \u0159ada diskuz\u00ed a proveden\u00fd poradn\u00ed pr\u016fzkum. V\u00a0katal\u00e1nsk\u00fdch parlamentn\u00edch volb\u00e1ch zv\u00edt\u011bzily strany, kter\u00e9 se netajily t\u00edm, \u017ee usiluj\u00ed o\u00a0samostatnost. Naproti tomu na Krymu prakticky neexistovaly politick\u00e9 s\u00edly, kter\u00e9 by usilovaly o\u00a0samostatnost poloostrova nebo alespo\u0148 o\u00a0jeho p\u0159ipojen\u00ed k\u00a0Rusku.\r\n\r\nZat\u00edmco hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0katal\u00e1nsk\u00e9m parlamentu neovliv\u0148ovali \u017e\u00e1dn\u00ed ciz\u00ed voj\u00e1ci, v\u00a0tom krymsk\u00e9m se hlasovalo s\u00a0nam\u00ed\u0159en\u00fdmi samopaly. Pod dohledem okupa\u010dn\u00edch jednotek se konalo i krymsk\u00e9 \u201ereferendum\u201c. Nejz\u00e1sadn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u0161ak je, \u017ee ne\u0161lo o\u00a0referendum o\u00a0samostatnosti, n\u00fdbr\u017e o\u00a0p\u0159ipojen\u00ed k\u00a0Rusku! Ot\u00e1zku samostatnosti Krymu odhlasoval zdej\u0161\u00ed parlament jen jako mezistupe\u0148, kter\u00fd umo\u017enil Rusku poloostrov anektovat, ani\u017e by muselo zm\u011bnit vlastn\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed \u00fapravu.\r\n\r\nOt\u00e1zka samostatnosti Krymu nikdy nebyla p\u0159edm\u011btem ani \u201ePot\u011bmkinova\u201c v\u0161elidov\u00e9ho hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed. Odhlasovali ji poslanci, kte\u0159\u00ed sv\u00fdm voli\u010d\u016fm nic takov\u00e9ho nikdy nesl\u00edbili. Srovn\u00e1vat Katal\u00e1nsko a Krym tedy znamen\u00e1 srovn\u00e1vat svobodn\u00fd projev v\u016fle n\u00e1roda, by\u0165 t\u0159ikr\u00e1t nelegitimn\u00ed, s\u00a0hlasov\u00e1n\u00edm s\u00a0nam\u00ed\u0159en\u00fdmi samopaly. Znamenalo by to ten nejlep\u0161\u00ed d\u00e1rek pro okupanty Krymu.\r\n\r\nA nakonec: opravdu by mohlo uzn\u00e1n\u00ed katal\u00e1nsk\u00e9 samostatnosti ovlivnit krymsk\u00fd probl\u00e9m? V\u00a0\u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b. Cesta ven z\u00a0katal\u00e1nsk\u00e9 slep\u00e9 uli\u010dky vede skrze hled\u00e1n\u00ed vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9ho porozum\u011bn\u00ed mezi Madridem a Barcelonou, mezi Katal\u00e1nskem a zbytkem \u0160pan\u011blska. Je to volba svobodn\u00fdch lid\u00ed v\u00a0demokratick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti.\r\n\r\nV\u00a0situaci s\u00a0Krymem nejde o\u00a0odtr\u017een\u00ed, ale o\u00a0okupaci \u010d\u00e1sti jedn\u00e9 zem\u011b jinou zem\u00ed s\u00a0demonstrativn\u00ed ignorac\u00ed pr\u00e1v p\u016fvodn\u00edch obyvatel dot\u010den\u00e9ho \u00fazem\u00ed. A kdyby se na Ukrajin\u011b skute\u010dn\u011b myslelo na budoucnost Krymu, u\u017e by se d\u00e1vno pochopilo, \u017ee cesta ke zvratu anexe spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v\u00a0zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed pr\u00e1v krymsk\u00fdch Tatar\u016f na n\u00e1rodn\u00ed sebeur\u010den\u00ed.\r\n\r\n<hr \/>\r\n\r\n<em>Autor: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/portnikov\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Vitalij Portnykov<\/a><\/em>\r\n\r\n<em>Zdroj: <a href=\"https:\/\/ru.krymr.com\/a\/28771994.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Krym.Realii<\/a>, 4.\u00a0\u0159\u00edjna 2017<\/em>\r\n\r\n<em>Tituln\u00ed foto: Mu\u017e dr\u017e\u00ed esteladu, neofici\u00e1ln\u00ed vlajku katal\u00e1nsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed. Barcelona, 1.\u00a0\u0159\u00edjne 2017<\/em>\r\n\r\nP\u0159eklad: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/scyhol\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Svatoslav \u0160\u010dyhol<\/a>","amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3582","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/78"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3582"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3582\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3586,"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3582\/revisions\/3586"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3583"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3582"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3582"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3582"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}