{"id":3753,"date":"2017-12-20T22:53:59","date_gmt":"2017-12-20T22:53:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/?p=3753"},"modified":"2017-12-21T22:59:56","modified_gmt":"2017-12-21T22:59:56","slug":"hybridni-mir-korea-ukrajina-spolecne-znaky-agrese-moskvy-ponauceni-pro-lidstvo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/hybridni-mir-korea-ukrajina-spolecne-znaky-agrese-moskvy-ponauceni-pro-lidstvo\/","title":{"rendered":"Hybridn\u00ed m\u00edr: Korea a Ukrajina. Spole\u010dn\u00e9 znaky agrese Moskvy a ponau\u010den\u00ed pro lidstvo"},"content":{"rendered":"

Korea a Ukrajina se v\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdch historick\u00fdch obdob\u00edch staly ob\u011b\u0165mi hybridn\u00ed agrese Moskvy. To, \u010deho jsme dnes sv\u011bdky na \u00fazem\u00ed Severn\u00ed Koreje, je mo\u017enou budoucnost\u00ed tak\u00e9 pro obyvatele, kte\u0159\u00ed se v\u011bdom\u011b \u010di nev\u011bdom\u011b stali rukojm\u00edmi \u201elidov\u00fdch republik\u201c na Donbasu. Postaven\u00ed architekta t\u011bchto loutkov\u00fdch republik, kter\u00e9 z\u00edsk\u00e1vaj\u00ed znaky koncentra\u010dn\u00edch t\u00e1bor\u016f s\u00a0totalitn\u00edmi re\u017eimy, stabiln\u011b dr\u017e\u00ed Kreml. Ot\u00e1zkou je pouze, zda si sv\u011btov\u00e9 spole\u010denstv\u00ed vezme ponau\u010den\u00ed z\u00a0historick\u00fdch analogi\u00ed, nebo se znovu sp\u00e1l\u00ed na stejn\u00e9 hrozb\u011b pro cel\u00e9 lidstvo.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ukrajina 2014<\/h2>\n

12. kv\u011bten 2014, v\u00fdchod Ukrajiny. Nezn\u00e1m\u00ed maskovan\u00ed mu\u017ei ve vojensk\u00fdch uniform\u00e1ch obsazuj\u00ed vl\u00e1dn\u00ed budovy ve Slovjansku, Kramatorsku a Dru\u017ekivce. B\u011bhem t\u00fddne to podle podobn\u00e9ho sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e prob\u00edh\u00e1 v\u00a0Horlivce, Jenakijeve, Makijivce, Mariupolu, Novoazovsku a na mnoha dal\u0161\u00edch m\u00edstech na ukrajinsk\u00e9m Donbasu. Na hlavn\u00edch n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00edch se oz\u00fdv\u00e1 vol\u00e1n\u00ed: \u201eZa Don\u011bckou\u00a0\/ Luhanskou republiku! Za Rusko!\u201c Nam\u00edsto starost\u016f a \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edk\u016f se veden\u00ed m\u011bst uj\u00edmaj\u00ed nov\u00ed lid\u00e9, poln\u00ed velitel\u00e9. Dob\u0159e vyzbrojen\u00e9 a zorganizovan\u00e9 odd\u00edly vstupuj\u00ed do ozbrojen\u00e9ho konfliktu s\u00a0ukrajinsk\u00fdmi voj\u00e1ky, kte\u0159\u00ed do regionu p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed zklidnit situaci. Ozbrojenci si \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed \u201epovstalci\u201c, prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed rozs\u00e1hlou agitaci s\u00a0v\u00fdzvami k\u00a0odtr\u017een\u00ed od Ukrajiny a prohla\u0161uj\u00ed aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u011bn\u00ed za ob\u010danskou v\u00e1lku. Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed shodou okolnost\u00ed se pozd\u011bji uk\u00e1\u017ee, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina poln\u00edch velitel\u016f z\u00a0\u201elidov\u00e9 domobrany\u201c m\u00e1 rusk\u00e9 ob\u010danstv\u00ed a bydli\u0161t\u011b: Igor Girkin (p\u0159ezd\u00edvka Strelkov), Igor Bezler (p\u0159ezd\u00edvka B\u011bs), Arsenij Pavlov (p\u0159ezd\u00edvka Motorola) nebo Alexandr Mo\u017eajev (p\u0159ezd\u00edvka Babaj). Nov\u011b p\u0159\u00edchoz\u00ed zakuklenci jsou n\u00e1padn\u00ed sv\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edzvukem a perl\u00ed v\u00fdrazy zdej\u0161\u00edm obyvatel\u016fm nezn\u00e1m\u00fdmi, jako je t\u0159eba z\u00e1hadn\u00fd \u201eporebrik\u201c. I p\u0159es toto v\u0161e ozna\u010den\u00ed \u201erebels\u201c (anglicky povstalci) rusk\u00fdm ozbrojenc\u016fm v\u00a0zahrani\u010dn\u00edch m\u00e9di\u00edch u\u017e jen tak nikdo neodp\u00e1\u0159e.<\/p>\n

Korea 1945<\/h2>\n

14. \u0159\u00edjen 1945, Pchjongjang. Uplynuly p\u0159esn\u011b dva m\u011bs\u00edce ode dne, kdy Japonsko p\u0159ijalo podm\u00ednky Postupimsk\u00e9 deklarace, kterou se vzdalo Koreje, o\u00a0n\u00ed\u017e bylo rozhodnuto, \u017ee se p\u0159echodn\u011b rozd\u011bl\u00ed po 38.\u00a0rovnob\u011b\u017ece na sov\u011btskou a americkou z\u00f3nu, a to na dobu 5\u00a0let. Na pchjongjangsk\u00e9m stadionu se kon\u00e1 mnohatis\u00edcov\u00fd m\u00edtink na oslavu Sov\u011btsk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy. Velitel 25.\u00a0arm\u00e1dy gener\u00e1lplukovn\u00edk \u010cis\u0165akov p\u0159edstavuje p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00fdm 33let\u00e9ho kapit\u00e1na Sov\u011btsk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy s\u00a0\u0159\u00e1dem Rud\u00e9ho praporu na prsou. Tohoto mu\u017ee ozna\u010duje \u010cis\u0165akov za \u201ekorejsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1rodn\u00edho hrdinu\u201c a \u201eslavn\u00e9ho partyz\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho v\u016fdce\u201c. Mlad\u00fd kapit\u00e1n vyhla\u0161uje projev v\u011bnovan\u00fd Sov\u011btsk\u00e9 arm\u00e1d\u011b. Jak onen mu\u017e samotn\u00fd, tak text projevu zanech\u00e1v\u00e1 u\u00a0div\u00e1k\u016f nejednozna\u010dn\u00fd dojem: o\u00a0novope\u010den\u00e9m \u201en\u00e1rodn\u00edm hrdinovi\u201c sly\u0161el jen m\u00e1lokdo, nav\u00edc ve sv\u00e9m projevu pou\u017e\u00edval jak\u00e1si zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed slova a term\u00edny. Tajemstv\u00ed tohoto podiv\u00ednsk\u00e9ho textu bylo jednoduch\u00e9: ve skute\u010dnosti byl seps\u00e1n na politick\u00e9m odd\u011blen\u00ed 25.\u00a0arm\u00e1dy SSSR v\u00a0ru\u0161tin\u011b a do korej\u0161tiny ho pak p\u0159elo\u017eil n\u011bkter\u00fd ze sov\u011btsk\u00fdch d\u016fstojn\u00edk\u016f korejsk\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu. Dav na stadionu je\u0161t\u011b nev\u00ed, \u017ee se z\u00a0mlad\u00e9ho nositele \u0159\u00e1du s\u00a0pracovn\u00ed p\u0159ezd\u00edvkou Kim Ir Sen (v\u00a0p\u0159ekladu \u201evych\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed slunce\u201c) velmi z\u00e1hy stane legend\u00e1rn\u00ed v\u016fdce Severn\u00ed Koreje.<\/p>\n

Spole\u010dn\u00e9 znaky hybridn\u00ed agrese proti Ukrajin\u011b a Koreji<\/h2>\n

Na prvn\u00ed pohled maj\u00ed tyto dva p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy jen m\u00e1lo spole\u010dn\u00e9ho. Li\u0161\u00ed se nejen \u010dasov\u00fdm odstupem 69\u00a0let a vzd\u00e1lenost\u00ed 6.600\u00a0km, ale tak\u00e9 historick\u00fdmi podm\u00ednkami, kter\u00e9 ke vzniku t\u011bchto izolovan\u00fdch oblast\u00ed p\u0159isp\u011bly. P\u0159esto pr\u00e1v\u011b v\u00a0severokorejsk\u00fdch d\u011bjin\u00e1ch m\u016f\u017eeme nal\u00e9zt odpov\u011bdi na pal\u010div\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky dne\u0161n\u00ed doby:<\/p>\n

1) Kdo a jak \u0159\u00edd\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st Donbasu, kterou ukrajinsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da nekontroluje?<\/strong><\/p>\n

2) Co se s\u00a0t\u00edmto \u00fazem\u00edm stane v\u00a0budoucnu, kdyby se konflikt zmrazil a v\u0161e z\u016fstalo tak, jak je?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kim Ir Sen se na stadion v\u00a0Pchjongjangu nedostal n\u00e1hodou. Stoj\u00ed za zm\u00ednku, \u017ee Kim, by\u0165 p\u016fvodem Korejec, asi 8\u00a0let \u017eil v\u00a0\u010c\u00edn\u011b, provozoval partyz\u00e1n\u0161tinu proti Japonc\u016fm na stran\u011b \u010c\u00ed\u0148an\u016f p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b na \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed, ke Koreji tedy m\u011bl jen vzd\u00e1len\u00fd vztah. V\u00a0listopadu 1940 a\u017e z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1945 pob\u00fdval Kim Song-d\u017eu (Kim Ir Senovo prav\u00e9 jm\u00e9no) v\u00a0Sov\u011btsk\u00e9m svazu, kam ode\u0161el s\u00a0t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 zni\u010den\u00fdm odd\u00edlem protijaponsk\u00fdch komunistick\u00fdch partyz\u00e1n\u016f z\u00a0Mand\u017euska. Po krat\u0161\u00edm pobytu v\u00a0sov\u011btsk\u00e9m filtra\u010dn\u00edm t\u00e1bo\u0159e a identifikaci absolvuje Kim Song-d\u017eu v\u00fdcvikov\u00fd kurz na Chabarovsk\u00e9m pilotn\u00edm u\u010dili\u0161ti. V\u00a0roce 1942 byl Kim ji\u017e v\u00a0hodnosti kapit\u00e1na vysl\u00e1n k\u00a0nov\u011b vznikl\u00e9 88.\u00a0samostatn\u00e9 st\u0159eleck\u00e9 brig\u00e1d\u011b (1000 a\u017e 1700\u00a0osob), kde slou\u017eili p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b \u010c\u00ed\u0148an\u00e9. Kapit\u00e1nu Kimovi v\u0161ak bylo sv\u011b\u0159eno velen\u00ed korejsk\u00e9ho praporu t\u00e9to brig\u00e1dy. Ve stavu t\u00e9to jednotky z\u016fstal Kim v\u00a0SSSR a\u017e do z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1945, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fdch boj\u016f za Mand\u017eusko ani Koreu se nez\u00fa\u010dastnila. V\u00a0t\u011bchto letech se Kimovi sta\u010dili narodit dva synov\u00e9, oba z\u00edskali rusk\u00e1 jm\u00e9na: Jura (budouc\u00ed Kim \u010cong-il) a \u0160ura (zem\u0159el ji\u017e jako d\u00edt\u011b).<\/p>\n

Po japonsk\u00e9 kapitulaci v\u00a0Druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce severn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st Koreje de facto ne\u0159\u00eddili z\u00e1stupci Koreje, ale sov\u011bt\u0161t\u00ed gener\u00e1lov\u00e9: \u010cis\u0165akov, Lebed\u011bv, Roman\u011bnko a \u0160tykov (obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b ten posledn\u011b jmenovan\u00fd). V\u016fd\u010d\u00ed roli p\u0159i vzniku m\u00edstn\u00edch stranick\u00fdch bun\u011bk odehr\u00e1vali p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edci sov\u011btsk\u00e9 rozv\u011bdky a arm\u00e1dn\u00edho politick\u00e9ho \u00fa\u0159adu.<\/p>\n

Fale\u0161n\u00e9 volby a fale\u0161n\u00e1 referenda<\/h2>\n

Stoj\u00ed za zm\u00ednku, \u017ee se komunistick\u00e1 strana na severu Koreje net\u011b\u0161ila velk\u00e9 oblib\u011b, naopak tu bylo v\u00fdrazn\u011b zastoupeno nacionalistick\u00e9 hnut\u00ed. Tato skute\u010dnost ov\u0161em sov\u011btsk\u00e9mu re\u017eimu nezabr\u00e1nila v\u00a0nalezen\u00ed zp\u016fsobu, jak dostat komunisty k\u00a0moci. Prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch manipulac\u00ed nejprve vznikla Jednotn\u00e1 demokratick\u00e1 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed fronta, kter\u00e1 sdru\u017eila v\u0161echny strany, pak koncem roku 1946, tedy ji\u017e po Kim Ir Senov\u011b tajn\u00e9 sch\u016fzce se Stalinem, se konaly zd\u00e1nliv\u00e9 volby v\u00a0t\u011bch nejlep\u0161\u00edch sov\u011btsk\u00fdch tradic\u00edch. Jejich zd\u00e1nlivost spo\u010d\u00edvala v\u00a0tom, \u017ee v\u00a0ka\u017ed\u00e9m volebn\u00edm obvodu byl nominov\u00e1n jedin\u00fd kandid\u00e1t, a to za Jednotnou demokratickou n\u00e1rodn\u00ed frontu. Hlasovat bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 bu\u010f pro n\u011bj, nebo proti n\u011bmu, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00ed alternativn\u00ed kandid\u00e1ti neexistovali, nav\u00edc hlasy \u201epro\u201c museli voli\u010di h\u00e1zet do b\u00edl\u00e9 urny, hlasy \u201eproti\u201c pak do \u010dern\u00e9. Volebn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dast byla z\u00a0\u0159\u00ed\u0161e fantastiky: k\u00a0volb\u00e1m p\u0159i\u0161lo 99,6\u00a0% zapsan\u00fdch voli\u010d\u016f, z\u00a0nich\u017e 97\u00a0% dalo sv\u016fj hlas navr\u017een\u00fdm kandid\u00e1t\u016fm. Takto vznikl prvn\u00ed N\u00e1rodn\u00ed v\u00fdbor Severn\u00ed Koreje.<\/p>\n

Tato parodie voleb v\u00a0Severn\u00ed Koreji a\u017e k\u00a0sm\u00edchu p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 nejen volby v\u00a0samotn\u00e9m Sov\u011btsk\u00e9m svazu nebo v\u00a0zem\u00edch, kter\u00e9 se v\u00a0minul\u00e9m stolet\u00ed dostaly do jeho okupace, ale tak\u00e9 celkem \u010derstv\u00e9 referendum z\u00a0roku 2014 na Ruskem okupovan\u00e9m Krymu. Zde byly pou\u017eity v\u00a0podstat\u011b stejn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstupy: omezen\u00e9 mo\u017enosti v\u00fdb\u011bru, hrub\u00e1 poru\u0161en\u00ed v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed a v\u00fdsledek spl\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed ve\u0161ker\u00e9 znaky fikce. RF hl\u00e1sila nep\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u011b vysokou \u00fa\u010dast 83,1\u00a0% voli\u010d\u016f a zcela nerealistick\u00fd v\u00fdsledek projevu v\u016fle lidu: 96,77\u00a0% \u00fadajn\u011b hlasovalo pro \u201esjednocen\u00ed\u201c Krymu s\u00a0Ruskem. S\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee podle nez\u00e1visl\u00e9ho hodnocen\u00ed \u010dinila skute\u010dn\u00e1 \u00fa\u010dast pouh\u00fdch 32,4\u00a0%.<\/p>\n

Poslu\u0161n\u00e9 loutky Moskvy<\/h2>\n

Vra\u0165me se v\u0161ak k\u00a0Severn\u00ed Koreji a sov\u011btsk\u00e9 loutce Kim Ir Senovi. Ji\u017e za\u010d\u00e1tkem roku 1946 se Kim Ir Sen na pokyn rusk\u00e9 generality postavil do \u010dela P\u0159echodn\u00e9ho n\u00e1rodn\u00edho v\u00fdboru Severn\u00ed Koreje, kter\u00fd vykon\u00e1val p\u016fsobnost vl\u00e1dy. Od t\u00e9to chv\u00edle se Kim de facto stal samovl\u00e1dcem Severn\u00ed Koreje. Tato samovl\u00e1da v\u0161ak neznamenala nez\u00e1vislost: Kim plnil v\u0161echny p\u0159\u00edkazy, kter\u00e9 dost\u00e1val od arm\u00e1dn\u00edho velen\u00ed nebo z\u00a0Moskvy.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0roce 1947 bylo rozhodnuto, \u017ee se o\u00a0osud Koreje postar\u00e1 Organizace spojen\u00fdch n\u00e1rod\u016f. P\u0159esto\u017ee se pl\u00e1novalo Severn\u00ed a Ji\u017en\u00ed Koreu spojit v\u00a0jurisdikci jedin\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy, de facto byla v\u00a0Severn\u00ed Koreji vypracov\u00e1na vlastn\u00ed \u00fastava, kter\u00e1 se m\u011bla st\u00e1t st\u011b\u017eejn\u00edm legislativn\u00edm p\u0159edpisem pro ob\u011b \u010d\u00e1sti Koreje, pod z\u00e1st\u011brkou z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed policejn\u00edch hl\u00eddek pak pod veden\u00edm Korejc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159i\u0161li ze Sov\u011btsk\u00e9ho svazu, vznikla vlastn\u00ed arm\u00e1da a dokonce i n\u00e1mo\u0159nictvo. V\u00a0roce 1948, kdy\u017e se koncept sjednocen\u00ed Koreje za podm\u00ednek nadiktovan\u00fdch Sov\u011btsk\u00fdm svazem evidentn\u011b nedo\u010dkal podpory ze strany Soulu, vyhl\u00e1sila Severn\u00ed Korea vznik KLDR.<\/p>\n

Loutka Kim se stal p\u0159edsedou Rady ministr\u016f nov\u011b vznikl\u00e9 republiky a spole\u010dn\u011b se z\u00e1stupci jihokorejsk\u00e9ho prokomunistick\u00e9ho podzem\u00ed za\u010dal aktivn\u011b prosazovat z\u00e1m\u011br na vojensk\u00e9 dobyt\u00ed jihu. V\u00a0roce 1950 po d\u00e9letrvaj\u00edc\u00edm jedn\u00e1n\u00ed mezi Kimem a sov\u011btsk\u00fdm veden\u00edm, zejm\u00e9na se Stalinem osobn\u011b, dost\u00e1v\u00e1 vojensk\u00e1 operace proti Soulu zelenou. Kreml myslel, \u017ee p\u016fjde o\u00a0kr\u00e1tkou a v\u00edt\u011bznou v\u00e1lku: Moskva s\u00e1zela na to, \u017ee podpora ze strany obyvatel Ji\u017en\u00ed Koreje bude vysok\u00e1 a \u017ee Ameri\u010dan\u00e9 do konfliktu nezas\u00e1hnou.<\/p>\n

Dne 25.\u00a0\u010dervna 1950 vstoupila 135tis\u00edcov\u00e1 Korejsk\u00e1 lidov\u00e1 arm\u00e1da spole\u010dn\u011b se 150\u00a0sov\u011btsk\u00fdmi tanky T-34 do Ji\u017en\u00ed Koreje. KLDR p\u0159itom nestydat\u011b prohl\u00e1sila, \u017ee to byla pr\u00e1v\u011b hlava Ji\u017en\u00ed Koreje I Sung-man, kdo na Severn\u00ed Koreu za\u00fato\u010dil jako prvn\u00ed. KLDR rychle obsadila Soul, OSN v\u0161ak pohotov\u011b vyslala do oblasti boj\u016f m\u00edrov\u00fd kontingent, kter\u00fd tvo\u0159ili p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b ameri\u010dt\u00ed voj\u00e1ci. Nem\u00e1 smysl zde vypr\u00e1v\u011bt cel\u00fd pr\u016fb\u011bh v\u00e1lky, nicm\u00e9n\u011b v\u00a0\u0159\u00edjnu ji\u017e bylo jasn\u00e9, \u017ee jednotky OSN Kim Ir Sena rozdrt\u00ed, kapitulace byla jen ot\u00e1zkou \u010dasu. Po dohod\u011b s\u00a0Kremlem se v\u0161ak do toho vlo\u017eila komunistick\u00e1 \u010c\u00edna, kter\u00e1 nasadila po\u010detnou pozemn\u00ed arm\u00e1du. SSSR poskytoval podporu ze vzduchu. Arm\u00e1dy na obou stran\u00e1ch utrp\u011bly t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty a situace se dostala do slep\u00e9 uli\u010dky.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0roce 1953 ji\u017e po Stalinov\u011b smrti podepsaly strany dohodu o\u00a0p\u0159\u00edm\u011b\u0159\u00ed a z\u0159\u00eddily demilitarizovanou z\u00f3nu kolem 38.\u00a0rovnob\u011b\u017eky. Konflikt byl zmrazen, sv\u011bt na KLDR zapomn\u011bl, i tato se za\u010dala rychle m\u011bnit v\u00a0hr\u016fzostra\u0161n\u00fd milit\u00e1rn\u00ed koncentr\u00e1k, kter\u00fd podporovaly SSSR a \u010c\u00edna. Teprve v\u00a0roce 1991, kdy SSSR zanikl, podepsaly ob\u011b Koreje dohodu o\u00a0m\u00edru, ne\u00fato\u010den\u00ed, spolupr\u00e1ci a v\u00fdm\u011bn\u00e1ch. Od roku 2013 v\u0161ak KLDR ru\u0161\u00ed v\u0161echna ujedn\u00e1n\u00ed o\u00a0ne\u00fato\u010den\u00ed v\u010detn\u011b t\u011bch z\u00a0roku 1953. Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spole\u010denstv\u00ed se st\u00e1le pali\u010dat\u011b tv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee probl\u00e9m KLDR neexistuje, i teprve v\u00a0roce 2016 po nov\u00fdch zkou\u0161k\u00e1ch jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed a balistick\u00fdch raket se sv\u011bt probere a kone\u010dn\u011b si uv\u011bdom\u00ed, jak m\u016f\u017ee dopadnout dlouh\u00e1 anab\u00e1ze s\u00a0hybridn\u00edm m\u00edrem v\u00a0Koreji.<\/p>\n

Mohli bychom \u0159\u00edct: co to m\u00e1 d\u011blat s\u00a0v\u00e1lkou na Ukrajin\u011b? Kdo v\u0161ak pe\u010dliv\u011b studoval ozbrojen\u00fd konflikt na Donbasu a obsazen\u00ed Krymu, najde mnoho spole\u010dn\u00fdch znak\u016f s\u00a0ud\u00e1lostmi v\u00a0Severn\u00ed Koreji z\u00a0poloviny minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ukrajinsk\u00e1 obdoba<\/h2>\n

V\u00a0roce 2014 Moskva \u00fapln\u011b stejn\u011b vys\u00edlala na Ukrajinu regul\u00e9rn\u00ed voj\u00e1ky a \u017eold\u00e1ky nejen z\u00a0Ruska, ale i z\u00a0m\u00edstn\u00edch obyvatel, kte\u0159\u00ed absolvovali p\u0159\u00edpravn\u00fd kurz na zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edch vojensk\u00fdch t\u00e1borech pod dohledem odborn\u00fdch instruktor\u016f na \u00fazem\u00ed RF. Obdobn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem Kreml p\u0159edem p\u0159ipravil uchaze\u010de z\u00a0m\u00edstn\u00edch obyvatel, kte\u0159\u00ed m\u011bli zaujmout ur\u010dit\u00e9 funkce hned po obsazen\u00ed vl\u00e1dn\u00edch \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f. Tito m\u00edstn\u00ed kolaboranti neust\u00e1le udr\u017eovali kontakt s\u00a0kur\u00e1tory z\u00a0Ruska a tak\u00e9 sami nejednou cestovali do Moskvy za \u00fa\u010delem jedn\u00e1n\u00ed a z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed pokyn\u016f, podobn\u011b jak to \u010dinil Kim Ir Sen a dal\u0161\u00ed korejsk\u00e9 kreatury Kremlu, jejich\u017e v\u0161echny p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy rozsah jednoho \u010dl\u00e1nku zkr\u00e1tka nepobere. Stejn\u011b jako v\u00a0Severn\u00ed Koreji pr\u00e1v\u011b Moskva rozhodovala o\u00a0vyhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed \u201esamostatn\u00fdch republik\u201c, a sice \u201eDon\u011bck\u00e9 lidov\u00e9 republiky\u201c a \u201eLuhansk\u00e9 lidov\u00e9 republiky\u201c. Stejn\u011b tak u\u00a0kormidla obou \u201erepublik\u201c st\u00e1ly a st\u00e1le stoj\u00ed loutky Kremlu.<\/p>\n

P\u0159ekvapiv\u011b podobn\u00e9 jsou dokonce i chyby Moskvy. Dne\u0161n\u00ed Kreml stejn\u011b jako tehdy v\u00a0Koreji po\u010d\u00edtal s\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee jeho zre\u017e\u00edrovan\u00e1 \u201epovst\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c nakonec z\u00edskaj\u00ed mezi Ukrajinci podporu, i Rusko bez probl\u00e9m\u016f dostane pod plnou kontrolu celou Ukrajinu. Kdy\u017e bylo koncem jara 2014 jasn\u00e9, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina Ukrajinc\u016f v\u016fbec nem\u00e1 v\u00a0\u00famyslu kremelsk\u00e9 pl\u00e1ny podpo\u0159it, a um\u011ble vytvo\u0159en\u00e9 republiky se v\u00a0l\u00e9t\u011b 2014 daly rychle na \u00fastup a za\u010daly ztr\u00e1cet sv\u00e9 pozice, Moskva se stejn\u011b jako v\u00a01950.\u00a0letech rozhodla pro otev\u0159enou invazi: arm\u00e1da RF ve velk\u00e9m ost\u0159elovala ukrajinsk\u00e9 \u00fazem\u00ed z\u00a0Ruska a p\u0159esunula na Donbas nejen panc\u00e9\u0159ovou techniku, ale tak\u00e9 syst\u00e9my protileteck\u00e9 obrany, z\u00a0nich\u017e jeden sest\u0159elil letadlo na lince MH17.<\/p>\n

Zbran\u011b, voj\u00e1ci a pen\u00edze: toto v\u0161e plynulo a st\u00e1le plyne pln\u00fdm proudem z\u00a0Moskvy jak do KLDR, tak do dal\u0161\u00edch loutkov\u00fdch republik: PMR, DLR, LNR, stejn\u011b tak do okupovan\u00e9 Abch\u00e1zie, Ji\u017en\u00ed Osetie, na Krym aj. Kdybychom v\u0161ak hodnotili objektivn\u011b, pak je mno\u017estv\u00ed zbran\u00ed, kter\u00e9 Rusko dodalo na okupovan\u00fd v\u00fdchod Ukrajiny, bezprecedentn\u00ed: 600\u00a0tank\u016f, 1257\u00a0obrn\u011bn\u00fdch transport\u00e9r\u016f, 295\u00a0reaktivn\u00edch raketomet\u016f, 479\u00a0prost\u0159edk\u016f protileteck\u00e9 obrany, 368\u00a0protitankov\u00fdch prost\u0159edk\u016f, pak tak\u00e9 st\u0159eleck\u00e9 zbran\u011b, miny a munice, kter\u00e9 prost\u011b spo\u010d\u00edtat nelze. A to ani nepo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1me zbran\u011b, kter\u00e9 byly dopraveny na Krym po okupaci v\u00a0roce 2014. Na okupovan\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed Donbasu byla z\u0159\u00edzena arm\u00e1da \u010d\u00edtaj\u00edc\u00ed cca 40\u00a0tis\u00edc osob, jak voj\u00e1k\u016f Ozbrojen\u00fdch sil RF, tak \u017eold\u00e1k\u016f v\u0161eho druhu. A tato arm\u00e1da st\u00e1le ka\u017edodenn\u011b zab\u00edj\u00ed lidi. Bude j\u00ed sta\u010dit \u00fazem\u00ed, kter\u00e9 ji\u017e stihla dob\u00fdt? Kdov\u00ed, ale sotva.<\/p>\n

Tragick\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky<\/h2>\n

Tragick\u00e9 spole\u010dn\u00e9 znaky mezi Severn\u00ed Koreou a Donbasem u\u00a0toho bohu\u017eel nekon\u010d\u00ed. Nejz\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edm d\u016fsledkem vzniku autorit\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho, od zbytku sv\u011bta izolovan\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu na Korejsk\u00e9m poloostrov\u011b se toti\u017e stalo bezprecedentn\u00ed poru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v a svobod v\u00a0KLDR. Represe, mu\u010den\u00ed, popravy, krut\u00e9 tresty i za nejmen\u0161\u00ed provin\u011bn\u00ed, n\u00e1pravn\u00e9 t\u00e1bory a t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 \u00fapln\u00e9 od\u0159\u00edznut\u00ed od sv\u011bta: toto v\u0161e se stalo vizitkou Severn\u00ed Koreje. S\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee tv\u016frcem tohoto zvr\u00e1cen\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu byl pr\u00e1v\u011b Sov\u011btsk\u00fd svaz. Dnes se situace opakuje. Na okupovan\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed Donbasu vl\u00e1dne sv\u00e9vole a bezpr\u00e1v\u00ed. Lid\u00e9 jsou \u010dasto un\u00e1\u0161eni jen tak na ulici nebo z\u00a0domu a odvezeni nezn\u00e1mo kam. Ve sklep\u00edch \u201eMGB\u201c (Ministerstvo st\u00e1tn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti) se d\u011bje nesl\u00fdchan\u011b krut\u00e9 mu\u010den\u00ed. Lid\u00e9 jsou popravov\u00e1ni nebo jen tak zab\u00edjeni bez soudu a vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed kv\u016fli p\u0159ivlastn\u011bn\u00ed jejich majetku. M\u011bsta de facto \u0159\u00edd\u00ed vojen\u0161t\u00ed spr\u00e1vci a v\u016fdci ozbrojen\u00fdch odd\u00edl\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed d\u011blaj\u00ed, cokoli se jim zamane. Zn\u00e1siln\u011bn\u00ed a krut\u00e9 bit\u00ed se staly v\u0161edn\u00ed rutinou.<\/p>\n

Co by to mohlo zp\u016fsobit v\u00a0budoucnu?<\/h2>\n

Tot\u00e9\u017e, co se stalo v\u00a0Severn\u00ed Koreji. Izolovan\u00ed a permanentn\u00ed propagandou oblbovan\u00ed lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed vyr\u016fstaj\u00ed v\u00a0prost\u0159ed\u00ed extr\u00e9mn\u00ed krutosti, kde \u017eivot nem\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1dnou hodnotu, se na sv\u011bt d\u00edvaj\u00ed jinak. Jejich v\u011bdom\u00ed se deformuje a cel\u00fd sv\u011bt se st\u00e1v\u00e1 zaryt\u00fdm nep\u0159\u00edtelem. Dok\u00e1\u017eou zab\u00edjet a lehce svol\u00ed k\u00a0jak\u00fdmkoli zlo\u010din\u016fm kv\u016fli nejmen\u0161\u00edmu projevu schv\u00e1len\u00ed ze strany polobo\u017esk\u00e9ho dikt\u00e1tora. Odchovanci bezd\u011b\u010dn\u00e9ho kultu v\u016fdce nemaj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd probl\u00e9m pou\u017e\u00edt biologick\u00e9, chemick\u00e9, jadern\u00e9 \u010di jak\u00e9koli jin\u00e9 zbran\u011b hromadn\u00e9ho ni\u010den\u00ed. Je jich v\u011b\u010dn\u00e1 \u0161koda, t\u011bchto zdeptan\u00fdch lid\u00ed, kter\u00e9 zmrza\u010dila krutost a propaganda, jsou v\u0161ak schopni zni\u010dit i cel\u00fd sv\u011bt, kdyby dostali p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h2>\n

Bohu\u017eel si jen z\u0159\u00eddkakdy vezmeme ponau\u010den\u00ed z\u00a0d\u011bjin. St\u00e1le znovu opakujeme stejn\u00e9 chyby. N\u011bkdy n\u00e1s v\u0161ak samotn\u00e9 \u017eivotn\u00ed okolnosti p\u0159im\u011bj\u00ed k\u00a0evoluci a nut\u00ed, abychom zmoud\u0159eli. Sv\u011bt se znovu dostal na pokraj velk\u00e9 v\u00e1lky. A pr\u00e1v\u011b dnes nastal \u010das pohl\u00e9dnout pravd\u011b do o\u010d\u00ed a p\u0159iznat: nebudeme-li \u0159e\u0161it probl\u00e9my v\u010das a lok\u00e1ln\u011b, jednou se z\u00a0nich stanou probl\u00e9my glob\u00e1ln\u00ed. A jak ukazuje p\u0159\u00edklad Severn\u00ed Koreje, m\u00edr nen\u00ed v\u017edy dobr\u00e1 v\u011bc, minim\u00e1ln\u011b ne s\u00a0ka\u017ed\u00fdm a ne za jak\u00fdchkoli podm\u00ednek. Hybridn\u00ed m\u00edr s\u00a0despotick\u00fdmi dikt\u00e1torsk\u00fdmi re\u017eimy d\u0159\u00edve \u010di pozd\u011bji vy\u00fast\u00ed ve v\u00e1lku se v\u0161\u00edm v\u0161udy. Takovou, \u017ee by se z\u00a0n\u00ed mohla kdykoli st\u00e1t i v\u00e1lka jadern\u00e1.<\/p>\n

\n

<\/p>\n

Christina Dobrovolska<\/a> speci\u00e1ln\u011b pro InformNapalm
\n<\/em>(Creative Commons \u2014 Attribution 4.0 International \u2014 CC BY 4.0<\/a>)<\/em><\/h5>\n
Klikn\u011bte na \u201eSd\u00edlet\u201c a pod\u011blte se s\u00a0p\u0159\u00e1teli.
\n<\/em><\/strong>Sta\u0148te se fanou\u0161ky str\u00e1nky InformNapalm \u010cesko<\/a> na Facebooku a nechte se pohotov\u011b informovat o\u00a0nov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvc\u00edch v\u00a0\u010de\u0161tin\u011b.<\/em><\/h5>\n
\n

P\u0159eklad: Svatoslav \u0160\u010dyhol<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Korea a Ukrajina se v\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdch historick\u00fdch obdob\u00edch staly ob\u011b\u0165mi hybridn\u00ed agrese Moskvy. To, \u010deho jsme dnes sv\u011bdky…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":78,"featured_media":3754,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[523,516,754,519],"tags":[42,61,3641,369,3642,407],"class_list":["post-3753","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analytics","category-all-news","category-spolecnost-all-news","category-world","tag-dlr","tag-llr","tag-moskva","tag-rusko","tag-severni-korea","tag-ukrajina"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nHybridn\u00ed m\u00edr: Korea a Ukrajina. 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To, \u010deho jsme dnes sv\u011bdky na \u00fazem\u00ed Severn\u00ed Koreje, je mo\u017enou budoucnost\u00ed tak\u00e9 pro obyvatele, kte\u0159\u00ed se v\u011bdom\u011b \u010di nev\u011bdom\u011b stali rukojm\u00edmi \u201elidov\u00fdch republik\u201c na Donbasu. Postaven\u00ed architekta t\u011bchto loutkov\u00fdch republik, kter\u00e9 z\u00edsk\u00e1vaj\u00ed znaky koncentra\u010dn\u00edch t\u00e1bor\u016f s\u00a0totalitn\u00edmi re\u017eimy, stabiln\u011b dr\u017e\u00ed Kreml. Ot\u00e1zkou je pouze, zda si sv\u011btov\u00e9 spole\u010denstv\u00ed vezme ponau\u010den\u00ed z\u00a0historick\u00fdch analogi\u00ed, nebo se znovu sp\u00e1l\u00ed na stejn\u00e9 hrozb\u011b pro cel\u00e9 lidstvo.<\/strong>\r\n<h2>Ukrajina 2014<\/h2>\r\n12. kv\u011bten 2014, v\u00fdchod Ukrajiny. Nezn\u00e1m\u00ed maskovan\u00ed mu\u017ei ve vojensk\u00fdch uniform\u00e1ch obsazuj\u00ed vl\u00e1dn\u00ed budovy ve Slovjansku, Kramatorsku a Dru\u017ekivce. B\u011bhem t\u00fddne to podle podobn\u00e9ho sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e prob\u00edh\u00e1 v\u00a0Horlivce, Jenakijeve, Makijivce, Mariupolu, Novoazovsku a na mnoha dal\u0161\u00edch m\u00edstech na ukrajinsk\u00e9m Donbasu. Na hlavn\u00edch n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00edch se oz\u00fdv\u00e1 vol\u00e1n\u00ed: \u201eZa Don\u011bckou\u00a0\/ Luhanskou republiku! Za Rusko!\u201c Nam\u00edsto starost\u016f a \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edk\u016f se veden\u00ed m\u011bst uj\u00edmaj\u00ed nov\u00ed lid\u00e9, poln\u00ed velitel\u00e9. Dob\u0159e vyzbrojen\u00e9 a zorganizovan\u00e9 odd\u00edly vstupuj\u00ed do ozbrojen\u00e9ho konfliktu s\u00a0ukrajinsk\u00fdmi voj\u00e1ky, kte\u0159\u00ed do regionu p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed zklidnit situaci. Ozbrojenci si \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed \u201epovstalci\u201c, prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed rozs\u00e1hlou agitaci s\u00a0v\u00fdzvami k\u00a0odtr\u017een\u00ed od Ukrajiny a prohla\u0161uj\u00ed aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u011bn\u00ed za ob\u010danskou v\u00e1lku. Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed shodou okolnost\u00ed se pozd\u011bji uk\u00e1\u017ee, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina poln\u00edch velitel\u016f z\u00a0\u201elidov\u00e9 domobrany\u201c m\u00e1 rusk\u00e9 ob\u010danstv\u00ed a bydli\u0161t\u011b: Igor Girkin (p\u0159ezd\u00edvka Strelkov), Igor Bezler (p\u0159ezd\u00edvka B\u011bs), Arsenij Pavlov (p\u0159ezd\u00edvka Motorola) nebo Alexandr Mo\u017eajev (p\u0159ezd\u00edvka Babaj). Nov\u011b p\u0159\u00edchoz\u00ed zakuklenci jsou n\u00e1padn\u00ed sv\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edzvukem a perl\u00ed v\u00fdrazy zdej\u0161\u00edm obyvatel\u016fm nezn\u00e1m\u00fdmi, jako je t\u0159eba z\u00e1hadn\u00fd \u201eporebrik\u201c. I p\u0159es toto v\u0161e ozna\u010den\u00ed \u201erebels\u201c (anglicky povstalci) rusk\u00fdm ozbrojenc\u016fm v\u00a0zahrani\u010dn\u00edch m\u00e9di\u00edch u\u017e jen tak nikdo neodp\u00e1\u0159e.\r\n<h2>Korea 1945<\/h2>\r\n14. \u0159\u00edjen 1945, Pchjongjang. Uplynuly p\u0159esn\u011b dva m\u011bs\u00edce ode dne, kdy Japonsko p\u0159ijalo podm\u00ednky Postupimsk\u00e9 deklarace, kterou se vzdalo Koreje, o\u00a0n\u00ed\u017e bylo rozhodnuto, \u017ee se p\u0159echodn\u011b rozd\u011bl\u00ed po 38.\u00a0rovnob\u011b\u017ece na sov\u011btskou a americkou z\u00f3nu, a to na dobu 5\u00a0let. Na pchjongjangsk\u00e9m stadionu se kon\u00e1 mnohatis\u00edcov\u00fd m\u00edtink na oslavu Sov\u011btsk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy. Velitel 25.\u00a0arm\u00e1dy gener\u00e1lplukovn\u00edk \u010cis\u0165akov p\u0159edstavuje p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00fdm 33let\u00e9ho kapit\u00e1na Sov\u011btsk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy s\u00a0\u0159\u00e1dem Rud\u00e9ho praporu na prsou. Tohoto mu\u017ee ozna\u010duje \u010cis\u0165akov za \u201ekorejsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1rodn\u00edho hrdinu\u201c a \u201eslavn\u00e9ho partyz\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho v\u016fdce\u201c. Mlad\u00fd kapit\u00e1n vyhla\u0161uje projev v\u011bnovan\u00fd Sov\u011btsk\u00e9 arm\u00e1d\u011b. Jak onen mu\u017e samotn\u00fd, tak text projevu zanech\u00e1v\u00e1 u\u00a0div\u00e1k\u016f nejednozna\u010dn\u00fd dojem: o\u00a0novope\u010den\u00e9m \u201en\u00e1rodn\u00edm hrdinovi\u201c sly\u0161el jen m\u00e1lokdo, nav\u00edc ve sv\u00e9m projevu pou\u017e\u00edval jak\u00e1si zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed slova a term\u00edny. Tajemstv\u00ed tohoto podiv\u00ednsk\u00e9ho textu bylo jednoduch\u00e9: ve skute\u010dnosti byl seps\u00e1n na politick\u00e9m odd\u011blen\u00ed 25.\u00a0arm\u00e1dy SSSR v\u00a0ru\u0161tin\u011b a do korej\u0161tiny ho pak p\u0159elo\u017eil n\u011bkter\u00fd ze sov\u011btsk\u00fdch d\u016fstojn\u00edk\u016f korejsk\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu. Dav na stadionu je\u0161t\u011b nev\u00ed, \u017ee se z\u00a0mlad\u00e9ho nositele \u0159\u00e1du s\u00a0pracovn\u00ed p\u0159ezd\u00edvkou Kim Ir Sen (v\u00a0p\u0159ekladu \u201evych\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed slunce\u201c) velmi z\u00e1hy stane legend\u00e1rn\u00ed v\u016fdce Severn\u00ed Koreje.\r\n<h2>Spole\u010dn\u00e9 znaky hybridn\u00ed agrese proti Ukrajin\u011b a Koreji<\/h2>\r\nNa prvn\u00ed pohled maj\u00ed tyto dva p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy jen m\u00e1lo spole\u010dn\u00e9ho. Li\u0161\u00ed se nejen \u010dasov\u00fdm odstupem 69\u00a0let a vzd\u00e1lenost\u00ed 6.600\u00a0km, ale tak\u00e9 historick\u00fdmi podm\u00ednkami, kter\u00e9 ke vzniku t\u011bchto izolovan\u00fdch oblast\u00ed p\u0159isp\u011bly. P\u0159esto pr\u00e1v\u011b v\u00a0severokorejsk\u00fdch d\u011bjin\u00e1ch m\u016f\u017eeme nal\u00e9zt odpov\u011bdi na pal\u010div\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky dne\u0161n\u00ed doby:\r\n\r\n<strong>1) Kdo a jak \u0159\u00edd\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st Donbasu, kterou ukrajinsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da nekontroluje?<\/strong>\r\n\r\n<strong>2) Co se s\u00a0t\u00edmto \u00fazem\u00edm stane v\u00a0budoucnu, kdyby se konflikt zmrazil a v\u0161e z\u016fstalo tak, jak je?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nKim Ir Sen se na stadion v\u00a0Pchjongjangu nedostal n\u00e1hodou. Stoj\u00ed za zm\u00ednku, \u017ee Kim, by\u0165 p\u016fvodem Korejec, asi 8\u00a0let \u017eil v\u00a0\u010c\u00edn\u011b, provozoval partyz\u00e1n\u0161tinu proti Japonc\u016fm na stran\u011b \u010c\u00ed\u0148an\u016f p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b na \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed, ke Koreji tedy m\u011bl jen vzd\u00e1len\u00fd vztah. V\u00a0listopadu 1940 a\u017e z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1945 pob\u00fdval Kim Song-d\u017eu (Kim Ir Senovo prav\u00e9 jm\u00e9no) v\u00a0Sov\u011btsk\u00e9m svazu, kam ode\u0161el s\u00a0t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 zni\u010den\u00fdm odd\u00edlem protijaponsk\u00fdch komunistick\u00fdch partyz\u00e1n\u016f z\u00a0Mand\u017euska. Po krat\u0161\u00edm pobytu v\u00a0sov\u011btsk\u00e9m filtra\u010dn\u00edm t\u00e1bo\u0159e a identifikaci absolvuje Kim Song-d\u017eu v\u00fdcvikov\u00fd kurz na Chabarovsk\u00e9m pilotn\u00edm u\u010dili\u0161ti. V\u00a0roce 1942 byl Kim ji\u017e v\u00a0hodnosti kapit\u00e1na vysl\u00e1n k\u00a0nov\u011b vznikl\u00e9 88.\u00a0samostatn\u00e9 st\u0159eleck\u00e9 brig\u00e1d\u011b (1000 a\u017e 1700\u00a0osob), kde slou\u017eili p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b \u010c\u00ed\u0148an\u00e9. Kapit\u00e1nu Kimovi v\u0161ak bylo sv\u011b\u0159eno velen\u00ed korejsk\u00e9ho praporu t\u00e9to brig\u00e1dy. Ve stavu t\u00e9to jednotky z\u016fstal Kim v\u00a0SSSR a\u017e do z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1945, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fdch boj\u016f za Mand\u017eusko ani Koreu se nez\u00fa\u010dastnila. V\u00a0t\u011bchto letech se Kimovi sta\u010dili narodit dva synov\u00e9, oba z\u00edskali rusk\u00e1 jm\u00e9na: Jura (budouc\u00ed Kim \u010cong-il) a \u0160ura (zem\u0159el ji\u017e jako d\u00edt\u011b).\r\n\r\nPo japonsk\u00e9 kapitulaci v\u00a0Druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce severn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st Koreje de facto ne\u0159\u00eddili z\u00e1stupci Koreje, ale sov\u011bt\u0161t\u00ed gener\u00e1lov\u00e9: \u010cis\u0165akov, Lebed\u011bv, Roman\u011bnko a \u0160tykov (obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b ten posledn\u011b jmenovan\u00fd). V\u016fd\u010d\u00ed roli p\u0159i vzniku m\u00edstn\u00edch stranick\u00fdch bun\u011bk odehr\u00e1vali p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edci sov\u011btsk\u00e9 rozv\u011bdky a arm\u00e1dn\u00edho politick\u00e9ho \u00fa\u0159adu.\r\n<h2>Fale\u0161n\u00e9 volby a fale\u0161n\u00e1 referenda<\/h2>\r\nStoj\u00ed za zm\u00ednku, \u017ee se komunistick\u00e1 strana na severu Koreje net\u011b\u0161ila velk\u00e9 oblib\u011b, naopak tu bylo v\u00fdrazn\u011b zastoupeno nacionalistick\u00e9 hnut\u00ed. Tato skute\u010dnost ov\u0161em sov\u011btsk\u00e9mu re\u017eimu nezabr\u00e1nila v\u00a0nalezen\u00ed zp\u016fsobu, jak dostat komunisty k\u00a0moci. Prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch manipulac\u00ed nejprve vznikla Jednotn\u00e1 demokratick\u00e1 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed fronta, kter\u00e1 sdru\u017eila v\u0161echny strany, pak koncem roku 1946, tedy ji\u017e po Kim Ir Senov\u011b tajn\u00e9 sch\u016fzce se Stalinem, se konaly zd\u00e1nliv\u00e9 volby v\u00a0t\u011bch nejlep\u0161\u00edch sov\u011btsk\u00fdch tradic\u00edch. Jejich zd\u00e1nlivost spo\u010d\u00edvala v\u00a0tom, \u017ee v\u00a0ka\u017ed\u00e9m volebn\u00edm obvodu byl nominov\u00e1n jedin\u00fd kandid\u00e1t, a to za Jednotnou demokratickou n\u00e1rodn\u00ed frontu. Hlasovat bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 bu\u010f pro n\u011bj, nebo proti n\u011bmu, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00ed alternativn\u00ed kandid\u00e1ti neexistovali, nav\u00edc hlasy \u201epro\u201c museli voli\u010di h\u00e1zet do b\u00edl\u00e9 urny, hlasy \u201eproti\u201c pak do \u010dern\u00e9. Volebn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dast byla z\u00a0\u0159\u00ed\u0161e fantastiky: k\u00a0volb\u00e1m p\u0159i\u0161lo 99,6\u00a0% zapsan\u00fdch voli\u010d\u016f, z\u00a0nich\u017e 97\u00a0% dalo sv\u016fj hlas navr\u017een\u00fdm kandid\u00e1t\u016fm. Takto vznikl prvn\u00ed N\u00e1rodn\u00ed v\u00fdbor Severn\u00ed Koreje.\r\n\r\nTato parodie voleb v\u00a0Severn\u00ed Koreji a\u017e k\u00a0sm\u00edchu p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 nejen volby v\u00a0samotn\u00e9m Sov\u011btsk\u00e9m svazu nebo v\u00a0zem\u00edch, kter\u00e9 se v\u00a0minul\u00e9m stolet\u00ed dostaly do jeho okupace, ale tak\u00e9 celkem \u010derstv\u00e9 referendum z\u00a0roku 2014 na Ruskem okupovan\u00e9m Krymu. Zde byly pou\u017eity v\u00a0podstat\u011b stejn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstupy: omezen\u00e9 mo\u017enosti v\u00fdb\u011bru, hrub\u00e1 poru\u0161en\u00ed v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed a v\u00fdsledek spl\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed ve\u0161ker\u00e9 znaky fikce. RF hl\u00e1sila nep\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u011b vysokou \u00fa\u010dast 83,1\u00a0% voli\u010d\u016f a zcela nerealistick\u00fd v\u00fdsledek projevu v\u016fle lidu: 96,77\u00a0% \u00fadajn\u011b hlasovalo pro \u201esjednocen\u00ed\u201c Krymu s\u00a0Ruskem. S\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee podle nez\u00e1visl\u00e9ho hodnocen\u00ed \u010dinila skute\u010dn\u00e1 \u00fa\u010dast pouh\u00fdch 32,4\u00a0%.\r\n<h2>Poslu\u0161n\u00e9 loutky Moskvy<\/h2>\r\nVra\u0165me se v\u0161ak k\u00a0Severn\u00ed Koreji a sov\u011btsk\u00e9 loutce Kim Ir Senovi. Ji\u017e za\u010d\u00e1tkem roku 1946 se Kim Ir Sen na pokyn rusk\u00e9 generality postavil do \u010dela P\u0159echodn\u00e9ho n\u00e1rodn\u00edho v\u00fdboru Severn\u00ed Koreje, kter\u00fd vykon\u00e1val p\u016fsobnost vl\u00e1dy. Od t\u00e9to chv\u00edle se Kim de facto stal samovl\u00e1dcem Severn\u00ed Koreje. Tato samovl\u00e1da v\u0161ak neznamenala nez\u00e1vislost: Kim plnil v\u0161echny p\u0159\u00edkazy, kter\u00e9 dost\u00e1val od arm\u00e1dn\u00edho velen\u00ed nebo z\u00a0Moskvy.\r\n\r\nV\u00a0roce 1947 bylo rozhodnuto, \u017ee se o\u00a0osud Koreje postar\u00e1 Organizace spojen\u00fdch n\u00e1rod\u016f. P\u0159esto\u017ee se pl\u00e1novalo Severn\u00ed a Ji\u017en\u00ed Koreu spojit v\u00a0jurisdikci jedin\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy, de facto byla v\u00a0Severn\u00ed Koreji vypracov\u00e1na vlastn\u00ed \u00fastava, kter\u00e1 se m\u011bla st\u00e1t st\u011b\u017eejn\u00edm legislativn\u00edm p\u0159edpisem pro ob\u011b \u010d\u00e1sti Koreje, pod z\u00e1st\u011brkou z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed policejn\u00edch hl\u00eddek pak pod veden\u00edm Korejc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159i\u0161li ze Sov\u011btsk\u00e9ho svazu, vznikla vlastn\u00ed arm\u00e1da a dokonce i n\u00e1mo\u0159nictvo. V\u00a0roce 1948, kdy\u017e se koncept sjednocen\u00ed Koreje za podm\u00ednek nadiktovan\u00fdch Sov\u011btsk\u00fdm svazem evidentn\u011b nedo\u010dkal podpory ze strany Soulu, vyhl\u00e1sila Severn\u00ed Korea vznik KLDR.\r\n\r\nLoutka Kim se stal p\u0159edsedou Rady ministr\u016f nov\u011b vznikl\u00e9 republiky a spole\u010dn\u011b se z\u00e1stupci jihokorejsk\u00e9ho prokomunistick\u00e9ho podzem\u00ed za\u010dal aktivn\u011b prosazovat z\u00e1m\u011br na vojensk\u00e9 dobyt\u00ed jihu. V\u00a0roce 1950 po d\u00e9letrvaj\u00edc\u00edm jedn\u00e1n\u00ed mezi Kimem a sov\u011btsk\u00fdm veden\u00edm, zejm\u00e9na se Stalinem osobn\u011b, dost\u00e1v\u00e1 vojensk\u00e1 operace proti Soulu zelenou. Kreml myslel, \u017ee p\u016fjde o\u00a0kr\u00e1tkou a v\u00edt\u011bznou v\u00e1lku: Moskva s\u00e1zela na to, \u017ee podpora ze strany obyvatel Ji\u017en\u00ed Koreje bude vysok\u00e1 a \u017ee Ameri\u010dan\u00e9 do konfliktu nezas\u00e1hnou.\r\n\r\nDne 25.\u00a0\u010dervna 1950 vstoupila 135tis\u00edcov\u00e1 Korejsk\u00e1 lidov\u00e1 arm\u00e1da spole\u010dn\u011b se 150\u00a0sov\u011btsk\u00fdmi tanky T-34 do Ji\u017en\u00ed Koreje. KLDR p\u0159itom nestydat\u011b prohl\u00e1sila, \u017ee to byla pr\u00e1v\u011b hlava Ji\u017en\u00ed Koreje I Sung-man, kdo na Severn\u00ed Koreu za\u00fato\u010dil jako prvn\u00ed. KLDR rychle obsadila Soul, OSN v\u0161ak pohotov\u011b vyslala do oblasti boj\u016f m\u00edrov\u00fd kontingent, kter\u00fd tvo\u0159ili p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b ameri\u010dt\u00ed voj\u00e1ci. Nem\u00e1 smysl zde vypr\u00e1v\u011bt cel\u00fd pr\u016fb\u011bh v\u00e1lky, nicm\u00e9n\u011b v\u00a0\u0159\u00edjnu ji\u017e bylo jasn\u00e9, \u017ee jednotky OSN Kim Ir Sena rozdrt\u00ed, kapitulace byla jen ot\u00e1zkou \u010dasu. Po dohod\u011b s\u00a0Kremlem se v\u0161ak do toho vlo\u017eila komunistick\u00e1 \u010c\u00edna, kter\u00e1 nasadila po\u010detnou pozemn\u00ed arm\u00e1du. SSSR poskytoval podporu ze vzduchu. Arm\u00e1dy na obou stran\u00e1ch utrp\u011bly t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty a situace se dostala do slep\u00e9 uli\u010dky.\r\n\r\nV\u00a0roce 1953 ji\u017e po Stalinov\u011b smrti podepsaly strany dohodu o\u00a0p\u0159\u00edm\u011b\u0159\u00ed a z\u0159\u00eddily demilitarizovanou z\u00f3nu kolem 38.\u00a0rovnob\u011b\u017eky. Konflikt byl zmrazen, sv\u011bt na KLDR zapomn\u011bl, i tato se za\u010dala rychle m\u011bnit v\u00a0hr\u016fzostra\u0161n\u00fd milit\u00e1rn\u00ed koncentr\u00e1k, kter\u00fd podporovaly SSSR a \u010c\u00edna. Teprve v\u00a0roce 1991, kdy SSSR zanikl, podepsaly ob\u011b Koreje dohodu o\u00a0m\u00edru, ne\u00fato\u010den\u00ed, spolupr\u00e1ci a v\u00fdm\u011bn\u00e1ch. Od roku 2013 v\u0161ak KLDR ru\u0161\u00ed v\u0161echna ujedn\u00e1n\u00ed o\u00a0ne\u00fato\u010den\u00ed v\u010detn\u011b t\u011bch z\u00a0roku 1953. Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spole\u010denstv\u00ed se st\u00e1le pali\u010dat\u011b tv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee probl\u00e9m KLDR neexistuje, i teprve v\u00a0roce 2016 po nov\u00fdch zkou\u0161k\u00e1ch jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed a balistick\u00fdch raket se sv\u011bt probere a kone\u010dn\u011b si uv\u011bdom\u00ed, jak m\u016f\u017ee dopadnout dlouh\u00e1 anab\u00e1ze s\u00a0hybridn\u00edm m\u00edrem v\u00a0Koreji.\r\n\r\n<strong>Mohli bychom \u0159\u00edct: co to m\u00e1 d\u011blat s\u00a0v\u00e1lkou na Ukrajin\u011b? Kdo v\u0161ak pe\u010dliv\u011b studoval ozbrojen\u00fd konflikt na Donbasu a obsazen\u00ed Krymu, najde mnoho spole\u010dn\u00fdch znak\u016f s\u00a0ud\u00e1lostmi v\u00a0Severn\u00ed Koreji z\u00a0poloviny minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed.<\/strong>\r\n<h2>Ukrajinsk\u00e1 obdoba<\/h2>\r\nV\u00a0roce 2014 Moskva \u00fapln\u011b stejn\u011b vys\u00edlala na Ukrajinu regul\u00e9rn\u00ed voj\u00e1ky a \u017eold\u00e1ky nejen z\u00a0Ruska, ale i z\u00a0m\u00edstn\u00edch obyvatel, kte\u0159\u00ed absolvovali p\u0159\u00edpravn\u00fd kurz na zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edch vojensk\u00fdch t\u00e1borech pod dohledem odborn\u00fdch instruktor\u016f na \u00fazem\u00ed RF. Obdobn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem Kreml p\u0159edem p\u0159ipravil uchaze\u010de z\u00a0m\u00edstn\u00edch obyvatel, kte\u0159\u00ed m\u011bli zaujmout ur\u010dit\u00e9 funkce hned po obsazen\u00ed vl\u00e1dn\u00edch \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f. Tito m\u00edstn\u00ed kolaboranti neust\u00e1le udr\u017eovali kontakt s\u00a0kur\u00e1tory z\u00a0Ruska a tak\u00e9 sami nejednou cestovali do Moskvy za \u00fa\u010delem jedn\u00e1n\u00ed a z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed pokyn\u016f, podobn\u011b jak to \u010dinil Kim Ir Sen a dal\u0161\u00ed korejsk\u00e9 kreatury Kremlu, jejich\u017e v\u0161echny p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy rozsah jednoho \u010dl\u00e1nku zkr\u00e1tka nepobere. Stejn\u011b jako v\u00a0Severn\u00ed Koreji pr\u00e1v\u011b Moskva rozhodovala o\u00a0vyhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed \u201esamostatn\u00fdch republik\u201c, a sice \u201eDon\u011bck\u00e9 lidov\u00e9 republiky\u201c a \u201eLuhansk\u00e9 lidov\u00e9 republiky\u201c. Stejn\u011b tak u\u00a0kormidla obou \u201erepublik\u201c st\u00e1ly a st\u00e1le stoj\u00ed loutky Kremlu.\r\n\r\nP\u0159ekvapiv\u011b podobn\u00e9 jsou dokonce i chyby Moskvy. Dne\u0161n\u00ed Kreml stejn\u011b jako tehdy v\u00a0Koreji po\u010d\u00edtal s\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee jeho zre\u017e\u00edrovan\u00e1 \u201epovst\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c nakonec z\u00edskaj\u00ed mezi Ukrajinci podporu, i Rusko bez probl\u00e9m\u016f dostane pod plnou kontrolu celou Ukrajinu. Kdy\u017e bylo koncem jara 2014 jasn\u00e9, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina Ukrajinc\u016f v\u016fbec nem\u00e1 v\u00a0\u00famyslu kremelsk\u00e9 pl\u00e1ny podpo\u0159it, a um\u011ble vytvo\u0159en\u00e9 republiky se v\u00a0l\u00e9t\u011b 2014 daly rychle na \u00fastup a za\u010daly ztr\u00e1cet sv\u00e9 pozice, Moskva se stejn\u011b jako v\u00a01950.\u00a0letech rozhodla pro otev\u0159enou invazi: arm\u00e1da RF ve velk\u00e9m ost\u0159elovala ukrajinsk\u00e9 \u00fazem\u00ed z\u00a0Ruska a p\u0159esunula na Donbas nejen panc\u00e9\u0159ovou techniku, ale tak\u00e9 syst\u00e9my protileteck\u00e9 obrany, z\u00a0nich\u017e jeden sest\u0159elil letadlo na lince MH17.\r\n\r\nZbran\u011b, voj\u00e1ci a pen\u00edze: toto v\u0161e plynulo a st\u00e1le plyne pln\u00fdm proudem z\u00a0Moskvy jak do KLDR, tak do dal\u0161\u00edch loutkov\u00fdch republik: PMR, DLR, LNR, stejn\u011b tak do okupovan\u00e9 Abch\u00e1zie, Ji\u017en\u00ed Osetie, na Krym aj. Kdybychom v\u0161ak hodnotili objektivn\u011b, pak je mno\u017estv\u00ed zbran\u00ed, kter\u00e9 Rusko dodalo na okupovan\u00fd v\u00fdchod Ukrajiny, bezprecedentn\u00ed: 600\u00a0tank\u016f, 1257\u00a0obrn\u011bn\u00fdch transport\u00e9r\u016f, 295\u00a0reaktivn\u00edch raketomet\u016f, 479\u00a0prost\u0159edk\u016f protileteck\u00e9 obrany, 368\u00a0protitankov\u00fdch prost\u0159edk\u016f, pak tak\u00e9 st\u0159eleck\u00e9 zbran\u011b, miny a munice, kter\u00e9 prost\u011b spo\u010d\u00edtat nelze. A to ani nepo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1me zbran\u011b, kter\u00e9 byly dopraveny na Krym po okupaci v\u00a0roce 2014. Na okupovan\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed Donbasu byla z\u0159\u00edzena arm\u00e1da \u010d\u00edtaj\u00edc\u00ed cca 40\u00a0tis\u00edc osob, jak voj\u00e1k\u016f Ozbrojen\u00fdch sil RF, tak \u017eold\u00e1k\u016f v\u0161eho druhu. A tato arm\u00e1da st\u00e1le ka\u017edodenn\u011b zab\u00edj\u00ed lidi. Bude j\u00ed sta\u010dit \u00fazem\u00ed, kter\u00e9 ji\u017e stihla dob\u00fdt? Kdov\u00ed, ale sotva.\r\n<h2>Tragick\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky<\/h2>\r\nTragick\u00e9 spole\u010dn\u00e9 znaky mezi Severn\u00ed Koreou a Donbasem u\u00a0toho bohu\u017eel nekon\u010d\u00ed. Nejz\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edm d\u016fsledkem vzniku autorit\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho, od zbytku sv\u011bta izolovan\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu na Korejsk\u00e9m poloostrov\u011b se toti\u017e stalo bezprecedentn\u00ed poru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v a svobod v\u00a0KLDR. Represe, mu\u010den\u00ed, popravy, krut\u00e9 tresty i za nejmen\u0161\u00ed provin\u011bn\u00ed, n\u00e1pravn\u00e9 t\u00e1bory a t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 \u00fapln\u00e9 od\u0159\u00edznut\u00ed od sv\u011bta: toto v\u0161e se stalo vizitkou Severn\u00ed Koreje. S\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee tv\u016frcem tohoto zvr\u00e1cen\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu byl pr\u00e1v\u011b Sov\u011btsk\u00fd svaz. Dnes se situace opakuje. Na okupovan\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed Donbasu vl\u00e1dne sv\u00e9vole a bezpr\u00e1v\u00ed. Lid\u00e9 jsou \u010dasto un\u00e1\u0161eni jen tak na ulici nebo z\u00a0domu a odvezeni nezn\u00e1mo kam. Ve sklep\u00edch \u201eMGB\u201c (Ministerstvo st\u00e1tn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti) se d\u011bje nesl\u00fdchan\u011b krut\u00e9 mu\u010den\u00ed. Lid\u00e9 jsou popravov\u00e1ni nebo jen tak zab\u00edjeni bez soudu a vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed kv\u016fli p\u0159ivlastn\u011bn\u00ed jejich majetku. M\u011bsta de facto \u0159\u00edd\u00ed vojen\u0161t\u00ed spr\u00e1vci a v\u016fdci ozbrojen\u00fdch odd\u00edl\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed d\u011blaj\u00ed, cokoli se jim zamane. Zn\u00e1siln\u011bn\u00ed a krut\u00e9 bit\u00ed se staly v\u0161edn\u00ed rutinou.\r\n<h2>Co by to mohlo zp\u016fsobit v\u00a0budoucnu?<\/h2>\r\nTot\u00e9\u017e, co se stalo v\u00a0Severn\u00ed Koreji. Izolovan\u00ed a permanentn\u00ed propagandou oblbovan\u00ed lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed vyr\u016fstaj\u00ed v\u00a0prost\u0159ed\u00ed extr\u00e9mn\u00ed krutosti, kde \u017eivot nem\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1dnou hodnotu, se na sv\u011bt d\u00edvaj\u00ed jinak. Jejich v\u011bdom\u00ed se deformuje a cel\u00fd sv\u011bt se st\u00e1v\u00e1 zaryt\u00fdm nep\u0159\u00edtelem. Dok\u00e1\u017eou zab\u00edjet a lehce svol\u00ed k\u00a0jak\u00fdmkoli zlo\u010din\u016fm kv\u016fli nejmen\u0161\u00edmu projevu schv\u00e1len\u00ed ze strany polobo\u017esk\u00e9ho dikt\u00e1tora. Odchovanci bezd\u011b\u010dn\u00e9ho kultu v\u016fdce nemaj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd probl\u00e9m pou\u017e\u00edt biologick\u00e9, chemick\u00e9, jadern\u00e9 \u010di jak\u00e9koli jin\u00e9 zbran\u011b hromadn\u00e9ho ni\u010den\u00ed. Je jich v\u011b\u010dn\u00e1 \u0161koda, t\u011bchto zdeptan\u00fdch lid\u00ed, kter\u00e9 zmrza\u010dila krutost a propaganda, jsou v\u0161ak schopni zni\u010dit i cel\u00fd sv\u011bt, kdyby dostali p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost.\r\n<h2>Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h2>\r\nBohu\u017eel si jen z\u0159\u00eddkakdy vezmeme ponau\u010den\u00ed z\u00a0d\u011bjin. St\u00e1le znovu opakujeme stejn\u00e9 chyby. N\u011bkdy n\u00e1s v\u0161ak samotn\u00e9 \u017eivotn\u00ed okolnosti p\u0159im\u011bj\u00ed k\u00a0evoluci a nut\u00ed, abychom zmoud\u0159eli. Sv\u011bt se znovu dostal na pokraj velk\u00e9 v\u00e1lky. A pr\u00e1v\u011b dnes nastal \u010das pohl\u00e9dnout pravd\u011b do o\u010d\u00ed a p\u0159iznat: nebudeme-li \u0159e\u0161it probl\u00e9my v\u010das a lok\u00e1ln\u011b, jednou se z\u00a0nich stanou probl\u00e9my glob\u00e1ln\u00ed. A jak ukazuje p\u0159\u00edklad Severn\u00ed Koreje, m\u00edr nen\u00ed v\u017edy dobr\u00e1 v\u011bc, minim\u00e1ln\u011b ne s\u00a0ka\u017ed\u00fdm a ne za jak\u00fdchkoli podm\u00ednek. Hybridn\u00ed m\u00edr s\u00a0despotick\u00fdmi dikt\u00e1torsk\u00fdmi re\u017eimy d\u0159\u00edve \u010di pozd\u011bji vy\u00fast\u00ed ve v\u00e1lku se v\u0161\u00edm v\u0161udy. Takovou, \u017ee by se z\u00a0n\u00ed mohla kdykoli st\u00e1t i v\u00e1lka jadern\u00e1.\r\n\r\n<hr \/>\r\n\r\n<img class=\"aligncenter \" src=\"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/InformNapalm_logo_05.png\" width=\"114\" height=\"50\" \/>\r\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center\"><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/christina.dobrovolska\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Christina Dobrovolska<\/a> speci\u00e1ln\u011b pro InformNapalm\r\n<\/em><em>(<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Creative Commons \u2014 Attribution 4.0 International \u2014 CC BY 4.0<\/a>)<\/em><\/h5>\r\n<h5 style=\"text-align: center\"><strong><em>Klikn\u011bte na \u201eSd\u00edlet\u201c a pod\u011blte se s\u00a0p\u0159\u00e1teli.\r\n<\/em><\/strong><em>Sta\u0148te se fanou\u0161ky str\u00e1nky <a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/informnapalmcesko\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">InformNapalm \u010cesko<\/a> na Facebooku a nechte se pohotov\u011b informovat o\u00a0nov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvc\u00edch v\u00a0\u010de\u0161tin\u011b.<\/em><\/h5>\r\n\r\n<hr \/>\r\n\r\nP\u0159eklad: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/scyhol\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Svatoslav \u0160\u010dyhol<\/a>","amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3753","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/78"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3753"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3753\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3756,"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3753\/revisions\/3756"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3754"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3753"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3753"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3753"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}