{"id":7706,"date":"2019-10-09T20:48:24","date_gmt":"2019-10-09T20:48:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/?p=7706"},"modified":"2019-10-09T20:48:24","modified_gmt":"2019-10-09T20:48:24","slug":"zapadni-tajne-sluzby-odhalily-rusky-vojensky-utvar-c-59155-ktery-provadi-zaskodnictvi-v-evrope","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/zapadni-tajne-sluzby-odhalily-rusky-vojensky-utvar-c-59155-ktery-provadi-zaskodnictvi-v-evrope\/","title":{"rendered":"Z\u00e1padn\u00ed tajn\u00e9 slu\u017eby odhalily rusk\u00fd vojensk\u00fd \u00fatvar \u010d. 59155, kter\u00fd prov\u00e1d\u00ed z\u00e1\u0161kodnictv\u00ed v Evrop\u011b"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tajn\u00e9 slu\u017eby hned 4\u00a0z\u00e1padn\u00edch zem\u00ed odhalily rusk\u00fd vojensk\u00fd \u00fatvar \u010d.\u00a029155 GRU Gener\u00e1ln\u00edho \u0161t\u00e1bu RF, kter\u00fd realizuje z\u00e1\u0161kodnictv\u00ed v\u00a0Evrop\u011b, p\u00ed\u0161e o\u00a0tom list New York Times<\/a><\/em>. Redakce InformNapalmu<\/a> nab\u00edz\u00ed p\u0159eklad a shrnut\u00ed t\u00e9to publikace a p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 informace o\u00a0p\u0159edm\u011btn\u00e9m vojensk\u00e9m \u00fatvaru na konci tohoto \u010dl\u00e1nku.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Co napsal New York Times<\/h2>\n

Nejd\u0159\u00edve za\u010dala destabiliza\u010dn\u00ed kampa\u0148 v\u00a0Moldavsku, pak byl otr\u00e1ven obchodn\u00edk se zbran\u011bmi v\u00a0Bulharsku, pak ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd st\u00e1tn\u00ed p\u0159evrat v\u00a0\u010cern\u00e9 Ho\u0159e. Vloni byl ve Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nii proveden atent\u00e1t na b\u00fdval\u00e9ho agenta rusk\u00e9 rozv\u011bdky s\u00a0pou\u017eit\u00edm nervov\u011b paralytick\u00e9 l\u00e1tky. A\u010dkoli byly p\u0159i realizaci t\u011bchto operac\u00ed nalezeny otisky prst\u016f p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edk\u016f rusk\u00fdch tajn\u00fdch slu\u017eeb, p\u016fvodn\u011b se m\u011blo za to, \u017ee \u0161lo o\u00a0jednotliv\u00e9 vz\u00e1jemn\u011b nesouvisej\u00edc\u00ed \u00fatoky.<\/p>\n

K\u00a0dne\u0161n\u00edmu dni p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edci z\u00e1padn\u00edch tajn\u00fdch slu\u017eeb dosp\u011bli k\u00a0z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee tyto operace a mo\u017en\u00e1 i \u010detn\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed prob\u00edhaly v\u00a0r\u00e1mci zkoordinovan\u00e9 kampan\u011b na destabilizaci situace v\u00a0Evrop\u011b. Uskute\u010dnily je elitn\u00ed jednotky pat\u0159\u00edc\u00ed do rusk\u00e9ho zpravodajsk\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed zku\u0161enosti s\u00a0podvratnou \u010dinnost\u00ed, sabot\u00e1\u017eemi a vra\u017edami.<\/p>\n

Vojensk\u00fd \u00fatvar \u010d.\u00a029155 GRU Gener\u00e1ln\u00edho \u0161t\u00e1bu RF<\/h2>\n

Skupina zn\u00e1m\u00e1 jako \u201evojensk\u00fd \u00fatvar \u010d.\u00a029155\u201c p\u016fsob\u00ed ji\u017e minim\u00e1ln\u011b 10\u00a0let, z\u00e1padn\u00ed tajn\u00e9 slu\u017eby v\u0161ak na ni p\u0159i\u0161ly teprve ned\u00e1vno. Dle z\u00e1stupc\u016f rozv\u011bdky \u010dty\u0159 z\u00e1padn\u00edch zem\u00ed nen\u00ed zn\u00e1mo, jak \u010dasto se opera\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edci tohoto \u00fatvaru mobilizuj\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u00da\u010del vojensk\u00e9ho \u00fatvaru \u010d.\u00a029155, o\u00a0n\u011bm\u017e se d\u0159\u00edve neinformovalo, dosv\u011bd\u010duje, jak aktivn\u011b rusk\u00fd prezident Vladimir Putin bojuje proti Z\u00e1padu, s\u00a0n\u00edm\u017e vede tzv. hybridn\u00ed v\u00e1lku kombinuj\u00edc\u00ed propagandu, hackersk\u00e9 \u00fatoky a \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed dezinformac\u00ed, a tak\u00e9 uplat\u0148uje politiku otev\u0159en\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 konfrontace.<\/p>\n

\u201eMysl\u00edm, \u017ee jsme zapomn\u011bli, jak krut\u00ed ve sv\u00e9 podstat\u011b dok\u00e1\u017eou Rusov\u00e9 b\u00fdt\u201c, \u0159ekl Peter Zwack, d\u016fstojn\u00edk vojensk\u00e9 rozv\u011bdky ve v\u00fdslu\u017eb\u011b a b\u00fdval\u00fd ata\u0161\u00e9 pro obranu na velvyslanectv\u00ed USA v\u00a0Moskv\u011b, kter\u00fd prohl\u00e1sil, \u017ee o\u00a0existenci tohoto vojensk\u00e9ho \u00fatvaru nev\u011bd\u011bl.<\/p>\n

Putin\u016fv tiskov\u00fd mluv\u010d\u00ed Dmitrij Peskov v\u00a0SMS zpr\u00e1v\u011b navrhl obr\u00e1tit se pro informace o\u00a0vojensk\u00e9m \u00fatvaru \u010d.\u00a029155 na rusk\u00e9 ministerstvo obrany. Na \u017e\u00e1dost o\u00a0koment\u00e1\u0159e Ministerstvo obrany RF nereagovalo.<\/p>\n

Vojensk\u00fd \u00fatvar skr\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed se za betonov\u00fdmi zdmi 161.\u00a0Centra pro v\u00fdcvik specialist\u016f na v\u00fdchod\u011b Moskvy pat\u0159\u00ed do p\u016fsobnosti Hlavn\u00edho rozv\u011bdn\u00e9ho \u00fa\u0159adu, tedy \u00fast\u0159ed\u00ed rusk\u00e9ho vojensk\u00e9ho zpravodajstv\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00e9ho jako GRU.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1padn\u00ed tajn\u00e9 slu\u017eby za\u010daly \u201eskl\u00e1dat puzzle\u201c<\/h2>\n

I kdy\u017e mnoho str\u00e1nek na operac\u00edch GRU je st\u00e1le z\u00e1hadou, za\u010daly z\u00e1padn\u00ed tajn\u00e9 slu\u017eby dost\u00e1vat jasn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edstavu o\u00a0vnit\u0159n\u00ed organizaci t\u00e9to struktury. Podle americk\u00fdch \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edk\u016f n\u011bkolik m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f p\u0159ed prezidentsk\u00fdmi volbami 2016 dva p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edci ze dvou kybernetick\u00fdch jednotek GRU zn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edch jako vojensk\u00e9 \u00fatvary \u010d.\u00a026165 a \u010d.\u00a074455 nabourali servery N\u00e1rodn\u00edho v\u00fdboru Demokratick\u00e9 strany a \u0161t\u00e1bu Hillary Clintonov\u00e9 a n\u00e1sledn\u011b zve\u0159ejnili jejich korespondenci s\u00a0kompromituj\u00edc\u00edm obsahem.<\/p>\n

Robert Mueller, zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed prokur\u00e1tor, kter\u00fd dozoroval vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed rusk\u00fdch z\u00e1sah\u016f do voleb z\u00a0roku 2016, p\u0159ed \u010dasem sd\u011blil obvin\u011bn\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e deseti voj\u00e1k\u016fm z\u00a0t\u011bchto \u00fatvar\u016f, p\u0159esto v\u0161ichni dosud z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed na svobod\u011b. Hackersk\u00e9 skupiny operuj\u00ed p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b z\u00a0Moskvy, tis\u00edce kilometr\u016f od c\u00edl\u016f sv\u00fdch \u00fatok\u016f.<\/p>\n

Pokud jde o\u00a0voj\u00e1ky z\u00a0vojensk\u00e9ho \u00fatvaru \u010d.\u00a029155, tito cestuj\u00ed do evropsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed a zp\u011bt. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed z\u00a0nich maj\u00ed vyznamen\u00e1n\u00ed jako veter\u00e1ni t\u011bch nejkrvav\u011bj\u0161\u00edch v\u00e1lek, kter\u00e9 Rusko vedlo, zejm\u00e9na z\u00a0Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1nu, \u010ce\u010denska nebo Ukrajiny. Operace realizovan\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edky tohoto \u00fatvaru podl\u00e9haj\u00ed tak p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9mu utajen\u00ed, \u017ee o\u00a0jeho existenci podle odhad\u016f z\u00e1padn\u00edch tajn\u00fdch slu\u017eeb nejsp\u00ed\u0161 nev\u011bd\u00ed ani ostatn\u00ed opera\u010dn\u00ed pracovn\u00edci GRU.<\/p>\n

P\u0159edm\u011btn\u00fd vojensk\u00fd \u00fatvar je pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b stmelenou komunitou. Na fotografii vznikl\u00e9 v\u00a0roce 2017 m\u016f\u017eeme vid\u011bt velitele tohoto vojensk\u00e9ho \u00fatvaru gener\u00e1lmajora Andreje Averjanova na svatb\u011b sv\u00e9 dcery, m\u00e1 na sob\u011b \u0161ed\u00fd oblek a mot\u00fdlka. P\u00f3zuje spole\u010dn\u011b s\u00a0plukovn\u00edkem Anatolijem \u010cepigou, jedn\u00edm ze dvou d\u016fstojn\u00edk\u016f obvin\u011bn\u00fdch ve Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nii v\u00a0kauze otravy b\u00fdval\u00e9ho zpravodajsk\u00e9ho agenta Sergeje Skripala.<\/p>\n

\u201eJde o\u00a0jednotku GRU, kter\u00e1 ji\u017e dlouh\u00e1 l\u00e9ta aktivn\u011b p\u016fsob\u00ed po cel\u00e9 Evrop\u011b<\/em>\u201c, \u0159ekl p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edk jedn\u00e9 z\u00a0evropsk\u00fdch bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch slu\u017eeb, kter\u00fd pod podm\u00ednkou anonymity souhlasil s\u00a0rozhovorem o\u00a0v\u011bcech podl\u00e9haj\u00edc\u00edch utajen\u00ed: \u201eBylo p\u0159ekvapen\u00edm, \u017ee ru\u0161t\u00ed opera\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edci tohoto vojensk\u00e9ho \u00fatvaru v\u00a0r\u00e1mci GRU se c\u00edtili natolik beztrestn\u011b, \u017ee za\u010dali prov\u00e1d\u011bt tuto extr\u00e9mn\u011b nep\u0159\u00e1telskou \u010dinnost i ve sp\u0159\u00e1telen\u00fdch zem\u00edch. Byl to \u0161ok<\/em>\u201c.<\/p>\n

\u010cern\u00e1 Hora<\/h2>\n

Ka\u017ed\u00e1 ze \u010dty\u0159 operac\u00ed spojen\u00fdch s\u00a0t\u00edmto vojensk\u00fdm \u00fatvarem v\u00a0t\u00e9 \u010di jin\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e upoutala pozornost ve\u0159ejnosti, a\u010dkoli \u00fa\u0159ady hned nep\u0159i\u0161ly na to, \u017ee spolu souvis\u00ed. Z\u00e1padn\u00ed tajn\u00e9 slu\u017eby poprv\u00e9 odhalily aktivity opera\u010dn\u00edch pracovn\u00edk\u016f tohoto \u00fatvaru v\u00a0roce 2016 po ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9m pokusu o\u00a0p\u0159evrat v\u00a0\u010cern\u00e9 Ho\u0159e, kdy se v\u00a0r\u00e1mci spol\u010den\u00ed zosnovan\u00e9ho dv\u011bma d\u016fstojn\u00edky z\u00a0tohoto \u00fatvaru pl\u00e1novalo zavra\u017edit premi\u00e9ra zem\u011b a zmocnit se budovy parlamentu.<\/p>\n

Velk\u00e1 Brit\u00e1nie, kauza Skripalovi<\/h2>\n

Skute\u010dnost, \u017ee konkr\u00e9tn\u00edm \u00fakolem opera\u010dn\u00edch pracovn\u00edk\u016f p\u0159edm\u011btn\u00e9ho \u00fatvaru je destabilizovat situaci, v\u0161ak tajn\u00fdm slu\u017eb\u00e1m za\u010dala doch\u00e1zet teprve po otrav\u011b b\u00fdval\u00e9ho d\u016fstojn\u00edka GRU Sergeje Skripala v\u00a0b\u0159eznu 2018, kter\u00fd zradil Rusko a zab\u00fdval se \u0161pion\u00e1\u017e\u00ed ve prosp\u011bch Spojen\u00e9ho kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed. V\u00a0d\u016fsledku \u00fa\u010dinku vysoce toxick\u00e9 nervov\u011b paralytick\u00e9 l\u00e1tky se Skripal a jeho dcera Julija dostali do velmi v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9ho stavu, nicm\u00e9n\u011b p\u0159e\u017eili. Kauza m\u011bla t\u0159i dal\u0161\u00ed po\u0161kozen\u00e9 v\u010detn\u011b policisty. Jeden z\u00a0nich, Charlie Rowley, na\u0161el men\u0161\u00ed lahvi\u010dku, kter\u00e1 podle britsk\u00fdch \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f slou\u017eila k\u00a0p\u0159eprav\u011b nervov\u011b paralytick\u00e9 l\u00e1tky, a dal ji sv\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edtelkyni Dawn Sturgessov\u00e9, ta v\u00a0domn\u011bn\u00ed, \u017ee jde o\u00a0parf\u00e9m, aplikovala obsah lahvi\u010dky na k\u016f\u017ei a n\u00e1sledn\u011b zem\u0159ela.<\/p>\n

Otrava zp\u016fsobila geopolitickou konfrontaci, kdy p\u0159es 20\u00a0zem\u00ed v\u010detn\u011b USA na znamen\u00ed solidarity s\u00a0Velkou Brit\u00e1nii vyhostilo 150\u00a0rusk\u00fdch diplomat\u016f.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0kone\u010dn\u00e9m d\u016fsledku britsk\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159ady odhalily dva podez\u0159el\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed do zem\u011b p\u0159icestovali pod fiktivn\u00edmi jm\u00e9ny, p\u0159esto informace o\u00a0nich pozd\u011bji zjistili investigativn\u00ed novin\u00e1\u0159i z\u00a0Bellingcatu. \u0160lo o\u00a0plukovn\u00edka Anatolije \u010cepigu a Alexandra Mi\u0161kina. P\u016flroku po atent\u00e1tu britsk\u00e1 prokuratura sd\u011blila ob\u011bma mu\u017e\u016fm obvin\u011bn\u00ed, \u017ee dopravili nervov\u011b paralytickou l\u00e1tku do Skripalova domu v\u00a0anglick\u00e9m Salisbury a nat\u0159eli j\u00ed vchodov\u00e9 dve\u0159e.<\/p>\n

Cel\u00e1 operace v\u0161ak byla slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e tehdy ozn\u00e1mily \u00fa\u0159ady.<\/p>\n

Jak informovali dva evrop\u0161t\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edci tajn\u00fdch slu\u017eeb, p\u0159esn\u011b rok p\u0159ed otravou t\u0159i opera\u010dn\u00ed pracovn\u00edci vojensk\u00e9ho \u00fatvaru \u010d.\u00a029155 p\u0159ijeli do Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nie, mo\u017en\u00e1 za \u00fa\u010delem p\u0159\u00edpravy operace. Jedn\u00edm z\u00a0nich byl Alexandr Mi\u0161kin. Druh\u00fd mu\u017e p\u0159icestoval pod smy\u0161len\u00fdm jm\u00e9nem Sergej Pavlov. Zpravodajci maj\u00ed za to, \u017ee t\u0159et\u00ed opera\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edk \u201eSergej Fedotov\u201c operaci \u0159\u00eddil.<\/p>\n

Bulharsko<\/h2>\n

Kr\u00e1tce nato tajn\u00e9 slu\u017eby zjistily, \u017ee dva z\u00a0t\u011bchto opera\u010dn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edk\u016f zn\u00e1m\u00ed pod fiktivn\u00edmi p\u0159\u00edjmen\u00edmi Fedotov a Pavlov pat\u0159ili do skupiny, kter\u00e1 se v\u00a0roce 2015 sna\u017eila otr\u00e1vit bulharsk\u00e9ho obchodn\u00edka se zbran\u011bmi Emiliana Gebreva. (Dal\u0161\u00edmi opera\u010dn\u00edmi pracovn\u00edky, rovn\u011b\u017e zn\u00e1m\u00fdmi jen pod smy\u0161len\u00fdmi jm\u00e9ny, mohli podle evropsk\u00fdch tajn\u00fdch slu\u017eeb b\u00fdt Ivan Lebed\u011bv, Nikolaj Kononychin, Alexej Nikitin a Daniil St\u011bpanov.)<\/p>\n

Skupina t\u011bchto lid\u00ed se pokusila Gebreva zab\u00edt dvakr\u00e1t, jednou v\u00a0bulharsk\u00e9m hlavn\u00edm m\u011bst\u011b Sofii, pak v\u00a0jeho dom\u011b na pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed \u010cern\u00e9ho mo\u0159e m\u011bs\u00edc po prvn\u00edm pokusu.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0\u00fanoru ve sv\u00e9m projevu p\u0159ed novin\u00e1\u0159i v\u00a0r\u00e1mci Mnichovsk\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed konference \u0159ekl Alex Younger, \u0161\u00e9f britsk\u00e9 zahrani\u010dn\u00ed rozv\u011bdky MI-6, o\u00a0nar\u016fstaj\u00edc\u00ed rusk\u00e9 hrozb\u011b a nazna\u010dil souvislost mezi operacemi, ani\u017e by uvedl konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed vojenskou jednotku.<\/p>\n

\u201eVid\u00edte p\u0159ece, \u017ee m\u00e1me co d\u011blat se zkoordinovanou kampan\u00ed, i jako v\u017edy se na n\u00ed pod\u00edlej\u00ed stejn\u00ed lid\u00e9\u201c, \u0159ekl Younger a konkr\u00e9tn\u011b odk\u00e1zal na pokus o\u00a0vra\u017edu Skripala a o\u00a0st\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159evrat v\u00a0\u010cern\u00e9 Ho\u0159e: \u201eM\u00e1me za to, \u017ee GRU a dal\u0161\u00ed rusk\u00e9 tajn\u00e9 slu\u017eby jsou zdrojem permanentn\u00edho ohro\u017een\u00ed. V\u0161e m\u00e1 sv\u00e9 hranice\u201c.<\/p>\n

Kreml se domn\u00edv\u00e1, \u017ee Rusko bojuje proti z\u00e1padn\u00edmu liber\u00e1ln\u00edmu \u0159\u00e1du, v\u00a0n\u011bm\u017e spat\u0159uje existen\u010dn\u00ed hrozbu.<\/p>\n

Putin a GRU<\/h2>\n

V\u00a0listopadu p\u0159i slavnostn\u00ed akci v\u011bnovan\u00e9 100.\u00a0v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed Hlavn\u00edho \u00fa\u0159adu Gener\u00e1ln\u00edho \u0161t\u00e1bu Ozbrojen\u00fdch sil (GRU) RF Putin st\u00e1l pod logem vojensk\u00e9 rozv\u011bdky\u00a0\u2013 \u010derven\u00fdm karafi\u00e1tem a gran\u00e1tem s\u00a0t\u0159emi plam\u00ednky. Ozna\u010dil GRU za \u201elegend\u00e1rn\u00ed\u201c. Jako n\u011bkdej\u0161\u00ed zpravodaj Putin nast\u00ednil p\u0159\u00edmou linii mezi pr\u016fzkumn\u00edky z\u00a0Rud\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy, kte\u0159\u00ed pomohli porazit nacisty v\u00a0Druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce, a d\u016fstojn\u00edky GRU, jejich\u017e \u201ejedine\u010dn\u00e9 mo\u017enosti\u201c jsou dnes vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny p\u0159i prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed operac\u00ed proti r\u016fzn\u00fdm nep\u0159\u00e1tel\u016fm.<\/p>\n

\u201eKonfliktn\u00ed potenci\u00e1l ve sv\u011bt\u011b bohu\u017eel nar\u016fst\u00e1\u201c, \u0159ekl Putin ve sv\u00e9m projevu: \u201eKe slovu se dostanou provokace a v\u00fdslovn\u00e9 l\u017ei, doch\u00e1z\u00ed k\u00a0pokus\u016fm o\u00a0zlomen\u00ed strategick\u00e9 parity\u201c.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0roce 2006 Putin podepsal z\u00e1kon, kter\u00fd zlegalizoval c\u00edlen\u00e9 vra\u017edy v\u00a0zahrani\u010d\u00ed, je\u0161t\u011b t\u00e9ho\u017e roku skupina rusk\u00fdch vrah\u016f pou\u017eila v\u00a0Lond\u00fdn\u011b radioaktivn\u00ed izotop k\u00a0usmrcen\u00ed Alexandra Litvin\u011bnka, dal\u0161\u00edho b\u00fdval\u00e9ho rusk\u00e9ho agenta.<\/p>\n

Vojen\u0161t\u00ed zabij\u00e1ci od GRU<\/h2>\n

GRU (zejm\u00e9na vojensk\u00fd \u00fatvar \u010d.\u00a029155) nen\u00ed jedinou tajnou slu\u017ebou, j\u00ed\u017e je sv\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1no prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed podobn\u00fdch operac\u00ed, tvrd\u00ed z\u00e1stupci tajn\u00fdch slu\u017eeb. Britsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da se domn\u00edv\u00e1, \u017ee Litvin\u011bnkovu vra\u017edu sp\u00e1chali opera\u010dn\u00ed pracovn\u00edci Feder\u00e1ln\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed slu\u017eby (FSB), v\u00a0jej\u00edm\u017e \u010dele p\u0159ed \u010dasem st\u00e1l Vladimir Putin, kter\u00e1 \u010dasto sout\u011b\u017e\u00ed s\u00a0GRU.<\/p>\n

P\u0159esto\u017ee o\u00a0samotn\u00e9m vojensk\u00e9m \u00fatvaru \u010d.\u00a029155 toho mnoho nev\u00edme, jsou dostupn\u00e9 n\u011bkter\u00e9 informace z\u00a0rusk\u00fdch ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch zdroj\u016f, z\u00a0nich\u017e m\u016f\u017eeme z\u00edskat p\u0159edstavu o\u00a0v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm rozsahu hybridn\u00ed strategie Kremlu.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0roce 2012 bylo v\u00fdnosem rusk\u00e9ho Ministerstvo obrany na\u0159\u00edzeno vypl\u00e1cet voj\u00e1k\u016fm ze t\u0159\u00ed rusk\u00fdch vojensk\u00fdch \u00fatvar\u016f m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edplatky za \u201evynikaj\u00edc\u00ed slu\u017eebn\u00ed v\u00fdsledky\u201c. Jedn\u00edm z\u00a0nich byl \u00fatvar \u010d.\u00a029155. Druh\u00fdm je \u00fatvar \u010d.\u00a074455, jeho\u017e voj\u00e1ci se pod\u00edleli na operac\u00edch se zasahov\u00e1n\u00edm do voleb 2016 v\u00a0USA. T\u0159et\u00edm byl vojensk\u00fd \u00fatvar \u010d.\u00a099450, o\u00a0jeho\u017e voj\u00e1c\u00edch existuje domn\u011bnka, \u017ee se z\u00fa\u010dastnili operace anexe ukrajinsk\u00e9ho Krymsk\u00e9ho poloostrova v\u00a0roce 2014.<\/p>\n

D\u016fstojn\u00edk GRU ve v\u00fdslu\u017eb\u011b, kter\u00fd v\u00ed o\u00a0vojensk\u00e9m \u00fatvaru \u010d.\u00a029155, \u0159ekl, \u017ee se tato jednotka specializovala na p\u0159\u00edpravu \u201ez\u00e1\u0161kodnick\u00fdch\u201c operac\u00ed, \u201eskupinov\u00fdch nebo individu\u00e1ln\u00edch, a\u0165 u\u017e \u0161lo o\u00a0v\u00fdbuchy, vra\u017edy nebo cokoliv\u201c.<\/p>\n

\u201eSlou\u017eili tu seri\u00f3zn\u00ed ho\u0161i\u201c, \u0159ekl vyslou\u017eil\u00fd d\u016fstojn\u00edk, \u201ebyli to d\u016fstojn\u00edci, kte\u0159\u00ed pracovali v\u00a0utajen\u00ed nebo jako agenti rozv\u011bdky v\u00a0zahrani\u010d\u00ed\u201c.<\/p>\n

Na fotografi\u00edch star\u00e9ho domu, v\u00a0n\u011bm\u017e p\u0159ed \u010dasem s\u00eddlil \u00fatvar, pozd\u011bji opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9ho, je vid\u011bt spousta jehlan\u016f pro pu\u0161ky s\u00a0tabulkami obsahuj\u00edc\u00edmi n\u00e1zvy r\u016fzn\u00fdch typ\u016f zbran\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na belgick\u00fdch odst\u0159elova\u010dsk\u00fdch pu\u0161ek FN-30, n\u011bmeck\u00fdch \u00fato\u010dn\u00fdch pu\u0161ek G3A3s, rakousk\u00fdch \u00fato\u010dn\u00fdch pu\u0161ek Steyr AUG nebo americk\u00fdch automatick\u00fdch pu\u0161ek M16. Na fotce je tak\u00e9 pap\u00edrek s\u00a0harmonogramem cvi\u010den\u00ed a popisem cvik\u016f v\u010detn\u011b n\u00e1cviku boje zbl\u00edzka. Autenticitu t\u011bchto fotografi\u00ed, kter\u00e9 zve\u0159ejnil jeden rusk\u00fd bloger<\/a>, vyslou\u017eil\u00fd p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edk GRU potvrdil.<\/p>\n

Gener\u00e1l Averjanov<\/h2>\n

Dne\u0161n\u00ed velitel \u00fatvaru gener\u00e1l Averjanov ukon\u010dil v\u00a0roce 1988 vojenskou akademii v\u00a0uzbeck\u00e9m Ta\u0161kentu. Je dost pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee bojoval jak v\u00a0prvn\u00ed, tak ve druh\u00e9 \u010de\u010densk\u00e9 v\u00e1lce, v\u00a0roce 2015 pak byl poct\u011bn medail\u00ed Hrdiny Ruska, nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edm vojensk\u00fdm vyznamen\u00e1n\u00edm st\u00e1tu. Stejn\u00e9 vyznamen\u00e1n\u00ed obdr\u017eeli i dva d\u016fstojn\u00edci obvin\u011bn\u00ed ze Skripalovy otravy.<\/p>\n

P\u0159esto\u017ee jde o\u00a0elitn\u00ed vojensk\u00fd \u00fatvar, vypad\u00e1 to, \u017ee m\u00e1 omezen\u00fd rozpo\u010det. Dle rusk\u00fdch ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch zdroj\u016f gener\u00e1l Averjanov bydl\u00ed ve star\u00e9m dom\u011b ze sov\u011btsk\u00e9 doby n\u011bkolik blok\u016f od \u00fatvaru a jezd\u00ed kraksnou tuzemsk\u00e9 v\u00fdroby, autem VAZ\u00a021053 z\u00a0roku 1996. Na slu\u017eebn\u00edch cest\u00e1ch se opera\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edci \u010dasto nech\u00e1vaj\u00ed ubytovat v\u00a0levn\u00fdch hotel\u00edch na jednom pokoji, aby u\u0161et\u0159ili. Brit\u0161t\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159ovatel\u00e9 \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed, \u017ee osoby podez\u0159el\u00e9 z\u00a0\u00fatoku na Skripala se ubytovaly v\u00a0levn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm hotelu v\u00a0Bow, chudinsk\u00e9 \u010dtvrti ve v\u00fdchodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti Lond\u00fdna.<\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edky evropsk\u00fdch tajn\u00fdch slu\u017eeb v\u0161ak udivuje i zjevn\u00e9 lajd\u00e1ctv\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edk\u016f tohoto vojensk\u00e9ho \u00fatvaru p\u0159i prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed operac\u00ed. Skripal atent\u00e1t p\u0159e\u017eil, stejn\u011b jako bulharsk\u00fd obchodn\u00edk se zbran\u011bmi Gebrev. Pokus o\u00a0st\u00e1tn\u00ed p\u0159evrat v\u00a0\u010cern\u00e9 Ho\u0159e upoutal na sebe obrovskou pozornost, v\u00a0kone\u010dn\u00e9m d\u016fsledku v\u0161ak neusp\u011bl. O\u00a0rok pozd\u011bji \u010cern\u00e1 Hora vstoupila do NATO. Podle z\u00e1stupc\u016f tajn\u00fdch slu\u017eeb je dost mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee je je\u0161t\u011b \u010dek\u00e1 odhalen\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edch, tentokr\u00e1t \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011bj\u0161\u00edch operac\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Je t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 \u0159\u00edct, zda toto lajd\u00e1ctv\u00ed d\u011bl\u00e1 Kremlu starosti. Jak \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edci tajn\u00fdch slu\u017eeb, mohlo by j\u00edt z\u010d\u00e1sti i o\u00a0podstatu v\u011bci.<\/p>\n

\u201eZpravodajsk\u00e9 operace tohoto druhu se staly sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed psychologick\u00e9 v\u00e1lky\u201c, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Eerik-Niiles Kross, b\u00fdval\u00fd \u0159editel koordina\u010dn\u00edho \u00fa\u0159adu tajn\u00fdch slu\u017eeb v\u00a0Estonsku, \u201eNejde o\u00a0to, \u017ee jsou te\u010f mnohem agresivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Cht\u011bj\u00ed, abychom je \u201ec\u00edtili\u201c. Je to sou\u010d\u00e1st hry\u201c.<\/p>\n

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Dal\u0161\u00ed informace o\u00a0vojensk\u00e9m \u00fatvaru \u010d.\u00a029155 z\u00a0ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch zdroj\u016f<\/h2>\n

Ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 zdroje uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed adresu vojensk\u00e9ho \u00fatvaru \u010d.\u00a029155.
\nS\u00eddl\u00ed v\u00a0Moskv\u011b, ul.\u00a011-ja Parkovaja\u00a038a<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Velitelem vojensk\u00e9ho \u00fatvaru je Andrej Vladimirovi\u010d Averjanov.
\n\u00datvar evidov\u00e1n ode dne 2.\u00a012.\u00a02019.<\/p>\n

Zde je k\u00a0nahl\u00e9dnut\u00ed interaktivn\u00ed graf<\/a> finan\u010dn\u00edch vazeb tohoto vojensk\u00e9ho \u00fatvaru na dal\u0161\u00ed pr\u00e1vnick\u00e9 osoby.<\/p>\n

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\u010ct\u011bte dal\u0161\u00ed zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 novinky od InformNapalmu<\/h2>\n