{"id":7876,"date":"2019-12-05T14:14:34","date_gmt":"2019-12-05T14:14:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/?p=7876"},"modified":"2019-12-05T14:14:34","modified_gmt":"2019-12-05T14:14:34","slug":"tamila-tasevova-rusko-umele-meni-etnicke-slozeni-krymske-populace","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/tamila-tasevova-rusko-umele-meni-etnicke-slozeni-krymske-populace\/","title":{"rendered":"Tamila Ta\u0161evov\u00e1: Rusko um\u011ble m\u011bn\u00ed etnick\u00e9 slo\u017een\u00ed krymsk\u00e9 populace"},"content":{"rendered":"

Na pozad\u00ed aktivn\u00edho vyjedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed o\u00a0Donbasu a p\u0159\u00edprav normandsk\u00e9ho summitu 9.\u00a0prosince je t\u00e9ma Krymu, kter\u00fd okupuje Rusko, st\u00e1le ve st\u00ednu. O\u00a0strategii ukrajinsk\u00fdch \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f pro deokupaci poloostrova se dosud nic nev\u00ed.<\/strong><\/p>\n

O\u00a0tom, zda takov\u00e1 strategie v\u016fbec existuje, jak Rusko m\u011bn\u00ed etnick\u00e9 slo\u017een\u00ed krymsk\u00e9 populace a pro\u010d je t\u0159eba zapsat Med\u017elis do ukrajinsk\u00e9 \u00fastavy, \u0159ekla v\u00a0rozhovoru pro RBC Ukrajina Tamila Ta\u0161evov\u00e1, n\u00e1m\u011bstkyn\u011b st\u00e1l\u00e9ho z\u00e1stupce prezidenta pro Krymskou autonomn\u00ed republiku.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

Jsou dne\u0161n\u00ed represe proti krymsk\u00fdm Tatar\u016fm a Ukrajinc\u016fm na Krymu snahami okupa\u010dn\u00edch \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f potla\u010dit jak\u00fdkoli odli\u0161n\u00fd n\u00e1zor, nebo se to d\u011bl\u00e1, aby se udr\u017eel obraz Ukrajinc\u016f a krymsk\u00fdch Tatar\u016f jako \u201ebanderovc\u016f\u201c a \u201ez\u00e1\u0161kodn\u00edk\u016f\u201c, pop\u0159. s\u00a0n\u011bjak\u00fdm jin\u00fdm c\u00edlem?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Na Krymu je perzekuov\u00e1no n\u011bkolik skupin osob, jedn\u00e1 se o\u00a0tzv. \u201eneloaj\u00e1ln\u00ed obyvatelstvo\u201c. Za neloaj\u00e1ln\u00ed pova\u017euje Rusko ty, kdo nepodpo\u0159il okupaci Krymu, jde o\u00a0dv\u011b skupiny osob, a sice o\u00a0krymsk\u00e9 Tatary a Ukrajince, kte\u0159\u00ed ne\u0161li k\u00a0referendu, pak k\u00a0prvn\u00edm m\u00edstn\u00edm a v\u0161em dal\u0161\u00edm volb\u00e1m. Tyto obyvatele cht\u011bj\u00ed vytla\u010dit a nahradit.<\/p>\n

Ti, kdo je dnes ve v\u011bzen\u00ed, jsou p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b krym\u0161t\u00ed Tata\u0159i, je jich p\u0159es 60\u00a0osob. Ukrajinci jsou prezentov\u00e1ni jako lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed br\u00e1n\u00ed \u201em\u00edru a stabilit\u011b\u201c na Krymu, u\u00a0t\u011bch se uplat\u0148uj\u00ed hlavn\u011b paragrafy o\u00a0\u0161pion\u00e1\u017ei, z\u00e1\u0161kodnictv\u00ed atd. Zat\u00edmco krym\u0161t\u00ed Tata\u0159i jsou vesm\u011bs \u201eextr\u00e9mist\u00e9\u201c a \u201eterorist\u00e9\u201c.<\/p>\n

S\u00a0n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdm d\u016frazem?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ano. RF uplat\u0148uje svou legislativu, kterou p\u0159edt\u00edm pou\u017e\u00edvala u\u00a0sebe, a prom\u00edt\u00e1 ji do podm\u00ednek okupovan\u00e9ho Krymu. M\u011bli pocit, \u017ee pron\u00e1sledovat krymsk\u00e9 Tatary je logick\u00e9 a pohodln\u00e9 prizmatem pot\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed extr\u00e9mismu a terorismu. V\u0161em je jasn\u00e9, \u017ee tito lid\u00e9 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00ed extr\u00e9mist\u00e9 ani terorist\u00e9 nejsou, na \u00fazem\u00ed Krymu nikdy nedo\u0161lo k\u00a0\u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9mu teroristick\u00e9mu \u00fatoku, p\u0159ed okupac\u00ed ani potom.<\/p>\n

Krym je \u00fazem\u00edm strachu, lid\u00e9 se boj\u00ed, \u017ee jsou-li Ukrajinci nebo krymsk\u00fdmi Tatary, mohou b\u00fdt pron\u00e1sledov\u00e1ni. Lid\u00e9 opou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed poloostrov, RF je zase nahrazuje sv\u00fdmi lidmi, \u010d\u00edm\u017e vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed homogenn\u00ed spole\u010dnost.<\/p>\n

Jedn\u00e1 se p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm o\u00a0zam\u011bstnance st\u00e1tn\u00edch \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f a bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch sbor\u016f?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nej\u010dast\u011bji jsou to u\u010ditel\u00e9, zdravotn\u00edci, velk\u00fd po\u010det zam\u011bstnanc\u016f soudn\u00ed soustavy, prokur\u00e1tor\u016f, vy\u0161et\u0159ovatel\u016f, samoz\u0159ejm\u011b p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edk\u016f bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch sbor\u016f a voj\u00e1k\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou rozm\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed v\u00a0katastru Sevastopolu a v\u00a0are\u00e1lech vojensk\u00fdch \u00fatvar\u016f zabran\u00fdch Ukrajin\u011b.<\/p>\n

Lid\u00e9 jsou l\u00e1k\u00e1ni ke st\u011bhov\u00e1ni na lep\u0161\u00ed podm\u00ednky, ne\u017e jsou v\u00a0samotn\u00e9 RF?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Je to tak, jsou pro n\u011b vytv\u00e1\u0159eny motiva\u010dn\u00ed podm\u00ednky. Nap\u0159. dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed n\u00e1borov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky, dost vysok\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stky na p\u0159eklenut\u00ed po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed doby, nebo maj\u00ed zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00fd pron\u00e1jem bydlen\u00ed bu\u010f zdarma, nebo za ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stky. Toto v\u0161e platilo hned ze za\u010d\u00e1tku v\u00a0roce 2014, dnes u\u017e o\u00a0n\u011bco m\u00e9n\u011b. K\u00a0p\u0159est\u011bhov\u00e1n\u00ed na Krym jsou motivov\u00e1ni tak\u00e9 st\u0159edn\u00ed podnikatel\u00e9 s\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee by tu mohli sn\u00e1ze z\u00edskat po\u017eadovan\u00e1 opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed atd.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Jak lze celkov\u011b vyhodnotit demografick\u00e9 zm\u011bny na Krymu od okupace: kolik lid\u00ed ode\u0161lo na \u201epevninskou\u201c Ukrajinu a kolik p\u0159i\u0161lo z\u00a0Ruska?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Lidskopr\u00e1vn\u00ed organizace odhaduj\u00ed na cca 500.000\u00a0osob, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159i\u0161li na poloostrov z\u00a0\u00fazem\u00ed RF. V\u00a0pom\u011bru k\u00a0celkov\u00e9mu po\u010dtu obyvatel Krymu je to obrovsk\u00e9 procento. RF uv\u00e1d\u00ed po\u010dty ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed, p\u0159izn\u00e1v\u00e1 cca 280.000\u00a0osob.<\/p>\n

Jim je p\u0159ece tak\u00e9 jasn\u00e9, \u017ee p\u00e1chaj\u00ed zlo\u010din, c\u00edlen\u00e9 p\u0159esuny obyvatelstva a um\u011blou zm\u011bnu etnick\u00e9ho slo\u017een\u00ed \u00fazem\u00ed toti\u017e mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo zakazuje. Proto RF tyto po\u010dty podhodnocuje.<\/p>\n

M\u016f\u017eeme mluvit o\u00a0tom, \u017ee za uplynulou dobu z\u00a0Krymu ode\u0161lo cca 25.000\u00a0krymsk\u00fdch Tatar\u016f. Kolik lid\u00ed ode\u0161lo celkem\u00a0\u2013 zde se \u00fadaje velmi li\u0161\u00ed. Ofici\u00e1ln\u011b se jedn\u00e1 o\u00a0cca 50.000\u00a0osob, ve skute\u010dnosti by ov\u0161em mohlo j\u00edt i o\u00a0dvojn\u00e1sobek. Mnoho t\u011bchto lid\u00ed se toti\u017e v\u016fbec nenahl\u00e1s\u00ed jako vnitrost\u00e1tn\u00ed migranti.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0dob\u011b aktivn\u00ed f\u00e1ze boj\u016f na Donbasu lid\u00e9 prost\u011b prchali p\u0159ed v\u00e1lkou, aby unikli ost\u0159elov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Pokud jde o\u00a0Krymany, mluv\u00edme-li o\u00a0b\u0159eznu a\u017e kv\u011btnu 2014, lid\u00e9 tak\u00e9 ut\u00edkali p\u0159ed \u201ezelen\u00fdmi mu\u017e\u00ed\u010dky\u201c a ruskou technikou, nech\u00e1pali, co se d\u011bje a co maj\u00ed o\u010dek\u00e1vat. A\u017e pozd\u011bji u\u010dinili v\u011bdomou volbu ve prosp\u011bch Ukrajiny jako st\u00e1tu, jemu\u017e d\u016fv\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed, s\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee necht\u011bj\u00ed \u017e\u00edt na Krymu v\u00a0podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch rusk\u00e9 okupace.<\/p>\n

Dnes lid\u00e9 odch\u00e1zej\u00ed zejm\u00e9na proto, \u017ee nemohou na Krymu podnikat, zejm\u00e9na v\u00a0oborech vy\u017eaduj\u00edc\u00edch dlouhodob\u00e9 investice, nap\u0159. ve stavebnictv\u00ed. Ve\u0161ker\u00e9 podnik\u00e1n\u00ed na Krymu se dnes omezuje na n\u00e1kup a prodej. Ti, co jsou povol\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed do arm\u00e1dy, odch\u00e1zej\u00ed tak\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Jde tedy o\u00a0lidi p\u0159ipraven\u00e9 na odchod, n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed z\u00a0nich prodali majetek, n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed si na\u0161et\u0159ili, kdy\u017e tedy p\u0159ijdou sem na \u201epevninskou\u201c Ukrajinu, potvrzen\u00ed o\u00a0migraci nedostanou, leda\u017ee by m\u011bli n\u011bco spole\u010dn\u00e9ho s\u00a0byrokratick\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem.<\/p>\n

Vr\u00e1t\u00edme-li se k\u00a0t\u00e9matu repres\u00ed: od okupace a\u017e dodnes nab\u00edraj\u00ed na s\u00edle, nebo jsou naopak na \u00fastupu? A v\u00a0jak\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e se povedlo t\u011bmito represemi potla\u010dit odpor?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Stupe\u0148 odporu velmi nar\u016fst\u00e1. V\u00a0roce 2014 v\u00a0prvn\u00edch n\u011bkolika m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch kulminoval, pak n\u00e1sledovalo obdob\u00ed relativn\u00edho klidu. Lid\u00e9 hledali zp\u016fsoby, jak proti syst\u00e9mu bojovat. Od jist\u00e9 chv\u00edle znovu za\u010daly rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 represe, hromadn\u00e9 prohl\u00eddky a zat\u00fdk\u00e1n\u00ed, tlak na Med\u017elis atd. S\u00edla reakce se rovn\u00e1 s\u00edle akce.<\/p>\n

Mluv\u00edme-li pr\u00e1v\u011b o\u00a0krymsk\u00fdch Tatarech, maj\u00ed velmi dlouhou historii n\u00e1rodn\u00edho hnut\u00ed a nen\u00e1siln\u00e9ho odporu, vezmeme-li prvn\u00ed desetilet\u00ed 20.\u00a0stolet\u00ed nebo Sov\u011btsk\u00fd svaz. S\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee se mnoho metod ze sov\u011btsk\u00fdch \u010das\u016f pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 i dnes.<\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e se konaj\u00ed domovn\u00ed prohl\u00eddky, p\u0159ijdou k\u00a0domu des\u00edtky, n\u011bkdy i stovky lid\u00ed, jim to nen\u00ed lhostejn\u00e9. N\u00e1sledn\u011b za\u010dnou perzekuovat i tyto lidi, kon\u00e1 se nad nimi soud, i k\u00a0tomuto soudu op\u011bt p\u0159ijdou des\u00edtky a\u017e stovky lid\u00ed na podporu zadr\u017een\u00fdch nebo zat\u010den\u00fdch. P\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 akce nejsou mo\u017en\u00e9, lid\u00e9 v\u0161ak kladou odpor t\u00edm, \u017ee chod\u00ed a podporuj\u00ed.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0roce 2017 se konala akce Krymsk\u00fd maraton. Tehdy se RF rozhodla nam\u00edsto spr\u00e1vn\u00edho v\u011bzen\u00ed uplatnit jin\u00fd zp\u016fsob n\u00e1tlaku, a sice ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed pokut. Pokuty byly velmi vysok\u00e9, a\u017e p\u016flmilion rubl\u016f. \u00da\u010delem bylo lidi zastra\u0161it, to se v\u0161ak nepoda\u0159ilo.<\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e se ulo\u017eila podobn\u00e1 pokuta, lid\u00e9 zakl\u00e1dali sb\u00edrky, prost\u0159edky se vyb\u00edraly z\u00a0cel\u00e9ho Krymu, n\u011bkdy i odjinud. \u017d\u00e1dalo se o\u00a0p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek 10\u00a0rubl\u016f, co\u017e je v\u00a0RF kovov\u00e1 mince. Z\u00a0cel\u00e9ho Krymu tedy p\u0159ich\u00e1zely hromady kovu, dokonce i bankovky aktivist\u00e9 sm\u011b\u0148ovali za tyto mince, a kdy\u017e se pak platila pokuta, p\u016fsobilo to jako v\u00fdsm\u011bch re\u017eimu.<\/p>\n

Tyto akce upoutaly velkou pozornost, co\u017e okupa\u010dn\u00ed \u00fa\u0159ady velmi na\u0161tvalo. Pak se za\u010daly pokuty ukl\u00e1dat m\u00e9n\u011b \u010dasto. Lid\u00e9 na Krymu se toti\u017e sna\u017e\u00ed hledat podobn\u011b kreativn\u00ed zp\u016fsoby protestu. Odboj nem\u00e1 formu p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 konfrontace s\u00a0mocenskou ma\u0161in\u00e9ri\u00ed.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Jak\u00e9 n\u00e1lady dnes podle V\u00e1s na Krymu p\u0159evl\u00e1daj\u00ed, kolik lid\u00ed zast\u00e1v\u00e1 prorusk\u00e9 postoje, kolik proukrajinsk\u00e9, kolik tvo\u0159\u00ed pasivn\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inu, sta\u010dilo by i velmi p\u0159ibli\u017en\u00e9 rozlo\u017een\u00ed.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee o\u00a0v\u00e1\u0161niv\u011b prorusk\u00e9m sektoru se mluvit ned\u00e1, stejn\u011b jako o\u00a0v\u00e1\u0161niv\u011b proukrajinsk\u00e9m. V\u00e1\u0161niv\u011b proukrajinsk\u00fd sektor nem\u016f\u017ee d\u00e1t sv\u016fj postoj ve\u0159ejn\u011b najevo. Implicitn\u011b m\u016f\u017eeme m\u00edt za to, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina krymsk\u00fdch Tatar\u016f p\u0159edstavuje pasivn\u011b proukrajinskou men\u0161inu. Ukrajinu jako st\u00e1t podporuj\u00ed i etni\u010dt\u00ed Ukrajinci.<\/p>\n

Je tu pasivn\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161ina, kter\u00e1 se prost\u011b sm\u00ed\u0159ila s\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee \u017eije v\u00a0podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch okupace, a n\u011bjak se p\u0159izp\u016fsobila. A tak\u00e9 je tu aktivn\u00ed men\u0161ina, kter\u00e1 chod\u00ed k\u00a0soud\u016fm a prohl\u00eddk\u00e1m.<\/p>\n

Nechyb\u00ed ani ti, kte\u0159\u00ed aktivn\u011b podporovali Rusko, ale tito dnes tak\u00e9 nejsou aktivn\u00ed. Kdy\u017e se jich zept\u00e1te na kameru, samoz\u0159ejm\u011b \u0159eknou, \u017ee podporuj\u00ed Rusko, \u017ee si ze sankc\u00ed nic ned\u011blaj\u00ed atd. Mezi apologety tzv. krymsk\u00e9ho jara se v\u0161ak najde i dost takov\u00fdch, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou zklam\u00e1ni.<\/p>\n

Ti, co dnes \u017eij\u00ed na Krymu, dostali v\u0161ichni bez v\u00fdjimky ob\u010dansk\u00e9 pr\u016fkazy RF?<\/strong><\/p>\n

My tomu \u0159\u00edk\u00e1me donucov\u00e1n\u00ed k\u00a0ob\u010danstv\u00ed, jinak se tomu toti\u017e \u0159\u00edct ned\u00e1. V\u00a0roce 2014 byla ponech\u00e1na kr\u00e1tk\u00e1 lh\u016fta na to, aby se ukrajin\u0161t\u00ed ob\u010dan\u00e9 vzdali rusk\u00e9ho ob\u010danstv\u00ed, pokud o\u00a0n\u011b nestoj\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Mnoho lid\u00ed tak neu\u010dinilo a \u0159eklo si: znamen\u00e1 to snad, \u017ee budeme n\u011bjak uzn\u00e1vat Rusko, kdy\u017e jeho ob\u010danstv\u00ed odm\u00edtneme? Nakonec n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159ece jen odm\u00edtli, takov\u00fdch se na\u0161lo zhruba t\u0159i tis\u00edce. Tito lid\u00e9 si dok\u00e1zali obstarat pr\u016fkaz o\u00a0trval\u00e9m pobytu na \u00fazem\u00ed poloostrova.<\/p>\n

V\u0161ichni ostatn\u00ed, co ruskou ob\u010danku nez\u00edskali, jsou pova\u017eov\u00e1ni za ukrajinsk\u00e9 ob\u010dany nebo jin\u00e9 cizince, mus\u00ed dodr\u017eovat lh\u016ftu 90\u00a0dn\u016f pobytu a pak poloostrov opustit. Nejde v\u0161ak jen o\u00a0cestov\u00e1n\u00ed. Kdyby se jim na Krymu n\u011bco stalo, nem\u011bli by tu n\u00e1rok na l\u00e9ka\u0159skou p\u00e9\u010di, pochopiteln\u011b se mus\u00ed vzd\u00e1t tak\u00e9 rusk\u00e9ho d\u016fchodu a dal\u0161\u00edch soci\u00e1ln\u00edch p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f.<\/p>\n

A odevzd\u00e1n\u00ed ukrajinsk\u00e9ho OP nebylo povinn\u00e9?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Jak tomu rozum\u00edm j\u00e1, okupa\u010dn\u00ed \u00fa\u0159ady mohly odeb\u00edrat ukrajinsk\u00e9 ob\u010danky p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edk\u016fm bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch sbor\u016f, a to tak\u00e9 ne v\u0161em. \u00da\u0159edn\u00edk\u016fm je neodeb\u00edraly zcela jist\u011b. Kdy\u017e tedy tito lid\u00e9 p\u0159ekro\u010d\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00ed hranici, na neobsazen\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed ukrajinskou ob\u010danku.<\/p>\n

Ve\u0161ker\u00e9 ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 listiny vystaven\u00e9 na okupovan\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed tedy pova\u017eujeme za neplatn\u00e9. A ty, kte\u0159\u00ed m\u011bli na Krymu trval\u00fd pobyt v\u00a0roce 2014, a d\u011bti narozen\u00e9 na poloostrov\u011b ukrajinsk\u00fdm ob\u010dan\u016fm pozd\u011bji pova\u017eujeme za st\u00e1tn\u00ed ob\u010dany Ukrajiny.<\/p>\n

Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, aby Ukrajina jako st\u00e1t na t\u011bchto stanovisc\u00edch i nad\u00e1le trvala. Ukrajina mus\u00ed naopak maxim\u00e1ln\u011b napomoci tomu, aby d\u011bti narozen\u00e9 na okupovan\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed z\u00edskaly ukrajinsk\u00e9 rodn\u00e9 listy ve zjednodu\u0161en\u00e9m \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Dejme tomu, \u017ee za rok, za p\u011bt nebo za deset let\u00a0\u2013 nikdo nev\u00ed, kdy dojde na navr\u00e1cen\u00ed Krymu\u00a0\u2013 by Rusko mohlo za\u010d\u00edt tvrdit: \u017e\u00e1dn\u00ed va\u0161i ob\u010dan\u00e9 tu ji\u017e nez\u016fstali. Ukrajina tedy mus\u00ed maxim\u00e1ln\u011b p\u0159isp\u00edvat k\u00a0tomu, aby tu lid\u00e9 i nad\u00e1le m\u011bli ukrajinsk\u00e9 ob\u010dansk\u00e9 pr\u016fkazy.<\/p>\n

Kolem Don\u011bck\u00e9 a Luhansk\u00e9 oblasti prob\u00edh\u00e1 permanentn\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed, vznikaj\u00ed jak\u00e9si koncepty deokupace, zat\u00edmco kolem Krymu je ticho po p\u011b\u0161in\u011b. M\u00e1 ukrajinsk\u00fd st\u00e1t v\u016fbec n\u011bjak\u00fd koncept deokupace poloostrova?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Doned\u00e1vna jsem vedla lidskopr\u00e1vn\u00ed ob\u010dansk\u00e9 sdru\u017een\u00ed KrymSOS. A dlouhou dobu jsme mluvili o\u00a0tom, \u017ee \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 deokupa\u010dn\u00ed strategie neexistuje. Pracovalo se na n\u00ed v\u00a0roce 2015, v\u00a0r\u00e1mci Rady pro n\u00e1rodn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost a obranu Ukrajiny vznikla pracovn\u00ed skupina. Dokument byl p\u0159ed\u00e1n do prezidentsk\u00e9 kancel\u00e1\u0159e a o\u00a0jeho dal\u0161\u00edm osudu se nev\u00ed. Ka\u017edop\u00e1dn\u011b tento dokument nikdo nevid\u011bl.<\/p>\n

Existovaly n\u011bjak\u00e9 pracovn\u00ed pl\u00e1ny, ale \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 strategie. Strategick\u00fd dokument mus\u00ed m\u00edt vypracovan\u00fd ak\u010dn\u00ed pl\u00e1n s\u00a0vyzna\u010den\u00edm odpov\u011bdn\u00fdch osob. Takov\u00fd strategick\u00fd dokument m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt n\u011bkolik \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Skrytou \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed ledovce jsou bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed str\u00e1nky, kter\u00e9 by se v\u00a0situaci v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 agrese zve\u0159ej\u0148ovat nem\u011bly. Jednozna\u010dn\u011b tu v\u0161ak byly i \u010d\u00e1sti, kter\u00e9 lidem uk\u00e1zat m\u016f\u017eeme.<\/p>\n

M\u00e1m za to, \u017ee v\u00a0posledn\u00edch p\u011bti letech \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 strategick\u00e1 \u010dinnost ohledn\u011b Krymu neprob\u00edhala. Doch\u00e1zelo k\u00a0akc\u00edm na mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed ar\u00e9n\u011b: mezist\u00e1tn\u00ed \u017ealoby, pr\u00e1ce s\u00a0mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm trestn\u00edm soudem, pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0sank\u010dn\u00ed politice, vypracov\u00e1n\u00ed dokument\u016f o\u00a0neuzn\u00e1n\u00ed anexe mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edmi organizacemi atd.<\/p>\n

\u017d\u00e1dn\u00e1 ter\u00e9nn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce jako takov\u00e1 v\u0161ak neprob\u00edhala, s\u00a0lidmi \u017eij\u00edc\u00edmi na okupovan\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed se nijak fyzicky nekomunikovalo. V\u00a0posledn\u00edch p\u011bti letech vedle slogan\u016f \u201eKrym pat\u0159\u00ed n\u00e1m\u201c se m\u011bla v\u00e9st skute\u010dn\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce s\u00a0lidmi, kter\u00e1 jim m\u011bla usnadnit \u017eivot.<\/p>\n

T\u0159eba?<\/strong><\/p>\n

O\u00a0dokladech pro d\u011bti narozen\u00e9 v\u00a0okupaci jsem u\u017e mluvila. Podle dnes platn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu lze doklady o\u00a0narozen\u00ed nebo \u00famrt\u00ed z\u00edskat pouze soudn\u00ed cestou. Je to velmi slo\u017eit\u00fd syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd vy\u017eaduje \u010das a pen\u00edze, pro n\u011bkter\u00e9 je dokonce poni\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed dokazovat p\u0159ed soudem, \u017ee se mu narodilo d\u00edt\u011b nebo zem\u0159el p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fd.<\/p>\n

Jako ob\u010dansk\u00e1 sdru\u017een\u00ed jsme tehdy navrhovali zav\u00e9st pro tyto p\u0159\u00edpady spr\u00e1vn\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, Ukrajin\u011b v\u0161ak k\u00a0tomu tehdy chyb\u011bla politick\u00e1 v\u016fle. Dnes jsme s\u00a0novou vl\u00e1dou t\u011bchto ujedn\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0podstat\u011b ji\u017e dos\u00e1hli, na po\u017eadovan\u00fdch pr\u00e1vn\u00edch p\u0159edpisech se ji\u017e pracuje. Stejn\u011b v\u0161ak z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 odpor ze strany \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edk\u016f st\u0159edn\u00edho stupn\u011b, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u016fsobili za p\u0159edchoz\u00ed vl\u00e1dy.<\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edkladem je p\u0159ekra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00ed hranice s\u00a0Krymem. Nebyly tu v\u016fbec \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 podm\u00ednky ani pro zam\u011bstnance, ani pro cestuj\u00edc\u00ed. Chyb\u00ed hygienick\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kav\u00e1rna, kde by si \u010dlov\u011bk mohl d\u00e1t k\u00e1vu, parkovi\u0161t\u011b, zdravotn\u00ed st\u0159edisko apod.<\/p>\n

Usilovali jsme o\u00a0to po dobu p\u011bti let, v\u00a0roce 2018 na to byly uvoln\u011bny prost\u0159edky, nebyly v\u0161ak vyu\u017eity a vr\u00e1tily se do st\u00e1tn\u00edho rozpo\u010dtu. Letos byly pen\u00edze uvoln\u011bny a otev\u0159eny dva p\u0159echody, Kalan\u010dak a \u010conhar. Zat\u00edm se jednalo o\u00a0\u00fa\u0159edn\u00ed pracovi\u0161t\u011b, pot\u0159ebujeme je\u0161t\u011b z\u00f3nu slu\u017eeb, kter\u00e1 by se m\u011bla zprovoznit v\u00a0nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00ed dob\u011b.<\/p>\n

P\u0159i ka\u017ed\u00e9m cestov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159es spr\u00e1vn\u00ed hranici se lid\u00e9 pot\u00fdkali s\u00a0nelidsk\u00fdmi podm\u00ednkami, co\u017e jim ukazovalo, \u017ee jejich st\u00e1t se o\u00a0n\u011b nechce postarat. Jsou to velmi n\u00e1zorn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edklady.<\/p>\n

Dnes, u\u017e ve ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 funkci, budu mluvit o\u00a0tom, \u017ee ot\u00e1zka deokupace le\u017e\u00ed nejen v\u00a0politick\u00e9 rovin\u011b, co\u017e nikdo nezpochyb\u0148uje, ale tak\u00e9 na \u00farovni mezilidsk\u00fdch vztah\u016f a p\u00e9\u010de o\u00a0ob\u010dany \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed na okupovan\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Sank\u010dn\u00ed re\u017eim proti RF nikdo ru\u0161it nebude, budeme se i nad\u00e1le soudit u\u00a0mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch soud\u016f. Jsou tu v\u0161ak i praktick\u00e9 v\u011bci, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1s cel\u00fdch p\u011bt let vzdalovaly na\u0161im spoluob\u010dan\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed z\u016fstali v\u00a0okupaci.<\/p>\n

Mysl\u00edte, \u017ee by v\u0161echny tyto praktick\u00e9 v\u011bci skute\u010dn\u011b dok\u00e1zaly zv\u00fd\u0161it loajalitu lid\u00ed v\u016f\u010di Ukrajin\u011b?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Je to jednozna\u010dn\u00e9. Lid\u00e9 se c\u00edtili opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed dlouh\u00fdch p\u011bt let, i n\u00e1sledky tohoto stavu je t\u0159eba pohotov\u011b p\u0159ekonat.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Uvid\u00edme v\u00a0dohledn\u00e9 budoucnosti strategii deokupace poloostrova? Co je\u0161t\u011b d\u011bl\u00e1 zastoupen\u00ed prezidenta na Krymu?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Deokupa\u010dn\u00ed strategie je jen jedn\u00edm z\u00a0na\u0161ich pracovn\u00edch zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed. Zastoupen\u00ed prezidenta pro Krym jako org\u00e1n utv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed vizi st\u00e1tu a p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm prezidenta ohledn\u011b toho, jak m\u00e1me sm\u011b\u0159ovat k\u00a0deokupaci, pracovat na udr\u017een\u00ed vztah\u016f s\u00a0lidmi \u017eij\u00edc\u00edmi na okupovan\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed a na vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed pro n\u011b po\u017eadovan\u00fdch podm\u00ednek.<\/p>\n

K\u00a0tomu m\u00e1me \u0159adu strategick\u00fdch c\u00edl\u016f: udr\u017eet Krym ve sf\u00e9\u0159e z\u00e1jmu prezidenta a cel\u00e9 prezidentsk\u00e9 vertik\u00e1ly. Sna\u017e\u00edme se maxim\u00e1ln\u011b reagovat na po\u017eadavky t\u011bch, kdo \u017eije na poloostrov\u011b. Pat\u0159\u00ed sem i v\u00fdvoj legislativn\u00edho z\u00e1kladu, nap\u0159. p\u0159echodov\u00e9ho soudnictv\u00ed. P\u0159i prezidentovi p\u016fsob\u00ed komise pro pr\u00e1vn\u00ed reformu, nechyb\u00ed tu podskupina pro okupovan\u00e9 \u00fazem\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se pr\u00e1v\u011b zab\u00fdv\u00e1 ot\u00e1zkami p\u0159echodov\u00e9ho soudnictv\u00ed.<\/p>\n

To jsou v\u011bci, o\u00a0nich\u017e by m\u011bli lid\u00e9 v\u011bd\u011bt. Co se bude d\u00edt po deokupaci, jak bude vypadat pr\u00e1vn\u00ed re\u017eim na tomto \u00fazem\u00ed, na co by se m\u011bli p\u0159ipravit soudci, u\u010ditel\u00e9, l\u00e9ka\u0159i, hasi\u010di atd., jak to bude s\u00a0volbami a dal\u0161\u00ed v\u011bci. Je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee v\u00a0roce 2014 n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed z\u00a0u\u010ditel\u016f pom\u00e1hali s\u00a0organizac\u00ed tzv. referenda, proto\u017ee nemohli jinak, m\u011bli to dan\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edkazem \u0159editele \u0161koly.<\/p>\n

A jak\u00e1 zodpov\u011bdnost by za to podle V\u00e1s m\u011bla b\u00fdt?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Je to velmi citliv\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka, kter\u00e1 by se m\u011bla \u0159e\u0161it individu\u00e1ln\u011b. Uve\u010fme jako p\u0159\u00edklad \u201ereferendum\u201c a posledn\u00ed \u201evolby\u201c. Obraceli se na n\u00e1s \u0161koln\u00ed u\u010ditel\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed \u0159\u00edkali, \u017ee je \u0159editel nut\u00ed p\u016fsobit ve volebn\u00edch komis\u00edch. Najdou se v\u0161ak tak\u00e9 u\u010ditel\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed o\u00a0\u00fa\u010dast velmi st\u00e1li a hl\u00eddali ty, co se tomu cht\u011bli vyhnout.<\/p>\n

Celkov\u00e9 sch\u00e9ma tedy zn\u00ed tak, \u017ee ve v\u0161ech p\u0159\u00edpadech jde o\u00a0protipr\u00e1vn\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed, org\u00e1ny \u010dinn\u00e9 v\u00a0trestn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed by v\u0161ak m\u011bly d\u016fkladn\u011b \u0159e\u0161it ka\u017ed\u00fd jednotliv\u00fd p\u0159\u00edpad. Mus\u00edme d\u00e1l lidem jasn\u00fd sign\u00e1l: kdy\u017e se n\u011bco d\u011blo nikoli va\u0161\u00ed vinou, nikoli z\u00a0va\u0161\u00ed v\u016fle, ale proto\u017ee jste \u017eili v\u00a0podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch okupace, nic se v\u00e1m za to nestane. Aby si nemysleli, \u017ee \u201ep\u0159ijde Ukrajina a nech\u00e1 v\u0161echny pozav\u00edrat\u201c.<\/p>\n

A kdy\u017e vezmeme konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad s\u00a0organizac\u00ed referenda?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ru\u0161t\u00ed voj\u00e1ci z\u00a0povol\u00e1n\u00ed a z\u00e1stupci rusk\u00fdch \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f v\u00a0t\u00e9 dob\u011b ji\u017e byli v\u0161ude, i v\u0161em bylo jasn\u00e9, k\u00a0\u010demu to sp\u011bje. Jen tak odm\u00edtnout ne\u0161lo. Dnes se tato p\u0159echodov\u00e1 legislativa zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1, projde komis\u00ed pro pr\u00e1vn\u00ed reformu, pak se o\u00a0n\u00ed bude \u0161iroce diskutovat ve spole\u010dnosti, i teprve pak zam\u00ed\u0159\u00ed do parlamentu.<\/p>\n

Vzpom\u00edn\u00e1m si, \u017ee ji\u017e v\u00a0l\u00e9t\u011b 2014 se pokl\u00e1daly p\u0159esn\u011b stejn\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky: jak\u00e1 odpov\u011bdnost by m\u011bla platit za n\u011bjakou \u010dinnost, jak\u00e1 za jinou, i tato t\u00e9mata jsme mohli ji\u017e d\u00e1vno uzav\u0159\u00edt. Pro\u010d se to za p\u011bt let nestalo: \u017ee by \u00fa\u0159ad\u016fm chyb\u011bla politick\u00e1 v\u016fle, \u017ee by prioritou nebyl Krym, ale Donbas?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Jsem si jista, \u017ee nyn\u00ed bude dosa\u017een v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pokrok. M\u00e1me konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed draft dokumentu, na n\u011bm\u017e pracovali z\u00e1stupci ob\u010dansk\u00fdch sdru\u017een\u00ed, aktu\u00e1ln\u011b ho m\u00e1 pracovn\u00ed skupina, douf\u00e1m, \u017ee se tento proces neprot\u00e1hne.<\/p>\n

Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee chyb\u011bla politick\u00e1 v\u016fle. I tato skute\u010dnost souvisela zejm\u00e9na tak\u00e9 s\u00a0aktivn\u00ed f\u00e1z\u00ed v\u00e1lky na v\u00fdchod\u011b. P\u0159edchoz\u00ed administrativa velmi aktivn\u011b pracovala na mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed ar\u00e9n\u011b s\u00a0politikou neuzn\u00e1n\u00ed okupace, jen m\u00e1lo se v\u0161ak v\u011bnovala vnitrost\u00e1tn\u00edm v\u011bcem, a to nejen t\u011bm spojen\u00fdm s\u00a0okupac\u00ed Krymu.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0rozhovoru pro RBC Ukrajina vicepremi\u00e9r Dmytro Kuleba \u0159ekl<\/a>, \u017ee se Krym vr\u00e1t\u00ed v\u00a0okam\u017eiku, kdy bude Rusko maxim\u00e1ln\u011b oslabeno, souhlas\u00edte s\u00a0t\u00edm?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ot\u00e1zka Krymu le\u017e\u00ed v\u00a0mnoha rovin\u00e1ch. Je jasn\u00e9, \u017ee je to v\u011bc mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed politiky a glob\u00e1ln\u00edho kontextu. Le\u017e\u00ed v\u0161ak tak\u00e9 v\u00a0rovin\u011b vnitroukrajinsk\u00e9: \u010d\u00edm je st\u00e1t siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zevnit\u0159, t\u00edm v\u00edc se budou lid\u00e9 na Ukrajinu ohl\u00ed\u017eet jako na siln\u00fd st\u00e1t a t\u00edm v\u00edc budou tou\u017eit v\u00a0tomto st\u00e1t\u011b \u017e\u00edt. A tak\u00e9 samoz\u0159ejm\u011b z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na tom, co se odehr\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00a0samotn\u00e9m Rusku.<\/p>\n

Okam\u017eikem X, t\u00edm nejvhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm a nejlep\u0161\u00edm, bude podle m\u011b st\u0159\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed moci v\u00a0Rusku. Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee kdy\u017e se novou hlavou st\u00e1tu stane \u010dlov\u011bk nepoch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed z\u00a0putinovsk\u00e9 vertik\u00e1ly a jeho sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho okol\u00ed, zcela mimo tento syst\u00e9m, a bude cht\u00edt pro svou zemi to nelep\u0161\u00ed, pak bude souhlasit s\u00a0navr\u00e1cen\u00edm Krymu. Toto rozhodnut\u00ed bude sice nepopul\u00e1rn\u00ed, p\u0159esto nezbytn\u00e9 k\u00a0tomu, aby byl obnoven status quo a Rusko se mohlo naplno vr\u00e1tit do mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho spole\u010denstv\u00ed. Pr\u00e1v\u011b proto mus\u00edme, zejm\u00e9na tak\u00e9 prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm sank\u010dn\u00edch mechanism\u016f, Rusko oslabovat.<\/p>\n

A\u0165 Macron nebo Trump \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed cokoliv, po tom v\u0161em, co se ud\u00e1lo v\u00a0roce 2014, nemaj\u00ed Putin a RF \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd respekt. Mnohokr\u00e1t jsem byla na r\u016fzn\u00fdch akc\u00edch a komunikovala s\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdmi mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edmi \u010diniteli, zejm\u00e9na ministry, a ti \u010dasto \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b mimo z\u00e1znam: pros\u00edm nenech\u00e1vejte n\u00e1s s\u00a0n\u00edm o\u00a0samot\u011b. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee RF je zem\u011b, s\u00a0n\u00ed\u017e nelze v\u00e9st v\u016fbec jak\u00e9koli civilizovan\u00e9 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

V\u00a0m\u00e9di\u00edch se pravideln\u011b vyno\u0159uje t\u00e9ma z\u00e1sobov\u00e1n\u00ed Krymu vodou. M\u00e1 smysl vyu\u017e\u00edvat vodn\u00ed zdroj jako n\u00e1stroj k\u00a0n\u00e1tlaku na agresora?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Stanovisko st\u00e1tu: \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 voda a\u017e do deokupace. Mluv\u00edme tu o\u00a0n\u00e1rodn\u00edm z\u00e1jmu. \u00dazem\u00ed Krymu okupuje Rusko, i podle mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho humanit\u00e1rn\u00edho pr\u00e1va ve\u0161kerou odpov\u011bdnost za situaci p\u0159eb\u00edr\u00e1 okupa\u010dn\u00ed mocnost.<\/p>\n

Je pravda, \u017ee nesm\u00edme zhor\u0161ovat \u017eivot zdej\u0161\u00edmu obyvatelstvu, mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 i s\u00a0t\u00edm, pro pot\u0159eby obyvatel je v\u0161ak vody dost. Chyb\u00ed pro zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 podniky, chemick\u00e9 podniky, vojensk\u00e9 z\u00e1kladny atd. Proto mluv\u00edme o\u00a0tom, \u017ee bychom nem\u011bli usnad\u0148ovat \u017eivot agresorsk\u00e9mu st\u00e1tu.<\/p>\n

Tot\u00e9\u017e se t\u00fdk\u00e1 i dopravn\u00edho spojen\u00ed. Vybavuji si ten humbuk, kter\u00fd se rozpoutal snad kv\u016fli nekorektn\u00edmu vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed ministra infrastruktury.<\/p>\n

O\u00a0\u017eelezni\u010dn\u00edm spojen\u00ed s\u00a0Krymem?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ano. I zde plat\u00ed stejn\u00e1 logika: a\u017e do spr\u00e1vn\u00ed hranice s\u00a0Krymem mus\u00edme zajistit ty nejlep\u0161\u00ed podm\u00ednky, aby sem lid\u00e9 mohli p\u0159ijet leg\u00e1ln\u00ed dopravou, ne tak jako dnes. Jde tu zejm\u00e9na o\u00a0bezpe\u010dnost lid\u00ed. Ale jen do \u010d\u00e1ry, o\u00a0\u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9m spojen\u00ed nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt \u0159e\u010d.<\/p>\n

P\u0159edseda Med\u017elisu Refat \u010cubarov vyz\u00fdv\u00e1 prezidenta Zelensk\u00e9ho, aby p\u0159edlo\u017eil parlamentu \u0159adu n\u00e1vrh\u016f z\u00e1kon\u016f ohledn\u011b postaven\u00ed krymskotatarsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1roda, o\u00a0domorod\u00fdch n\u00e1rodech a o\u00a0krymskotatarsk\u00e9 autonomii. S\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee v\u00a0posledn\u00ed z\u00a0uveden\u00fdch v\u011bc\u00ed neexistuje shoda ani v\u00a0r\u00e1mci proukrajinsk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti spole\u010dnosti. Mohla byste vysv\u011btlit, k\u00a0\u010demu jsou tyto z\u00e1kony dobr\u00e9?<\/strong><\/p>\n

P\u0159i st\u00e1l\u00e9m zastoupen\u00ed prezidenta na Krymu byla ustavena expertn\u00ed rada, i jde o\u00a0jednu z\u00a0v\u011bc\u00ed, na nich\u017e se aktu\u00e1ln\u011b pracuje. N\u00e1vrh z\u00e1kona o\u00a0krymsk\u00e9 autonomii po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 s\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee Med\u017elis a Kurultaj budou uzn\u00e1ny jako ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed org\u00e1ny, po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 se tak\u00e9 s\u00a0kv\u00f3tov\u00fdm zastoupen\u00edm krymsk\u00fdch Tatar\u016f ve v\u0161ech org\u00e1nech m\u00edstn\u00ed samospr\u00e1vy a zastupitelstvech na poloostrov\u011b. Podobn\u00e9 kv\u00f3ty plat\u00ed v\u00a0mnoha zem\u00edch sv\u011bta, i auto\u0159i tuto praxi studovali.<\/p>\n

Tyto v\u011bci v\u0161ak vy\u017eaduj\u00ed komunikaci. Za velkou chybu op\u011bt pova\u017euji to, \u017ee neprob\u00edhala \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 aktivn\u00ed \u010dinnost, aby se vysv\u011btlilo: co to je a pro\u010d krym\u0161t\u00ed Tata\u0159i maj\u00ed pr\u00e1vo na ur\u010ditou kv\u00f3tu v\u00a0org\u00e1nech st\u00e1tn\u00ed moci a m\u00edstn\u00edch zastupitelstvech na poloostrov\u011b.<\/p>\n

Jde o\u00a0ot\u00e1zku historick\u00e9 spravedlnosti, je to domorod\u00fd n\u00e1rod Ukrajiny, kter\u00fd za\u017eil n\u011bkolik vln odsun\u016f a je utla\u010dovan\u00fd, je t\u0159eba mu pomoci sv\u00e1 pr\u00e1va obnovit. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 je t\u0159eba si jasn\u011b uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s\u00a0\u00fazemn\u00ed integritou Ukrajiny v\u00a0tomto kontextu nevznikaj\u00ed, ty lze \u0159e\u0161it pouze na celost\u00e1tn\u00ed \u00farovni.<\/p>\n

O\u00a0jak\u00fdch lh\u016ft\u00e1ch se uva\u017euje?<\/strong><\/p>\n

O\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1me, \u017ee r\u00e1mcov\u00fd z\u00e1kon o\u00a0domorod\u00fdch n\u00e1rodech bude nejsp\u00ed\u0161 schv\u00e1len rychle, druh\u00fd na \u0159ad\u011b bude n\u00e1vrh z\u00e1kona o\u00a0krymskotatarsk\u00e9m n\u00e1rod\u011b a teprve pak o\u00a0krymsk\u00e9 autonomii. Schvalovat tyto z\u00e1kony bez p\u0159\u00edpravy a komunikace se spole\u010dnost\u00ed by v\u0161ak nebylo spr\u00e1vn\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Toto v\u0161e bude t\u0159eba vysv\u011btlit zejm\u00e9na tak\u00e9 poslanc\u016fm, proto\u017ee s\u00a0t\u00edm souvisej\u00ed \u00fastavn\u00ed zm\u011bny, kter\u00e9 budou vy\u017eadovat nikoli oby\u010dejnou, ale \u00fastavn\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inu.<\/p>\n

Je pravda, \u017ee p\u0159i prvn\u00ed sch\u016fzce l\u00eddr\u016f krymsk\u00fdch Tatar\u016f Mustafy D\u017eemileva, Refata \u010cubarova a poslance za Hlas Rustema Umerova byla tato ot\u00e1zka nastolena, tak\u017ee prezident v\u00ed, \u017ee v\u00a0sou\u010dasnosti na t\u011bchto n\u00e1vrz\u00edch z\u00e1kon\u016f pracujeme. Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, abychom to neusp\u011bchali a ur\u010dit\u00e9 procesy nepo\u0161kodili.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0dob\u011b p\u0159ed okupac\u00ed existovaly margin\u00e1ln\u00ed krymskotatarsk\u00e9 organizace, kter\u00e9 se prezentovaly jako opozice k\u00a0Med\u017elisu. Z\u00a0\u010derstv\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh\u016f m\u016f\u017eeme p\u0159ipomenout n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvu z\u00e1stupc\u016f jedn\u00e9 z\u00a0prokremelsk\u00fdch krymskotatarsk\u00fdch organizac\u00ed v\u00a0\u010cesku, kter\u00e1 zp\u016fsobila velk\u00fd rozruch. M\u00e1 Rusko n\u011bjak\u00e9 \u00fasp\u011bchy v\u00a0produkov\u00e1n\u00ed opozice k\u00a0Med\u017elisu?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Na \u00fazem\u00ed Krymu nem\u00e1 \u00fasp\u011bchy \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9, jde o\u00a0organizace dodnes margin\u00e1ln\u00ed, kter\u00e9 nejsou ze strany krymsk\u00fdch Tatar\u016f v\u016fbec akceptov\u00e1ny. Tito lid\u00e9 jsou v\u00a0krymskotatarsk\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed odpadl\u00edci. A ty krymsk\u00e9 Tatary, kte\u0159\u00ed sv\u00e9ho \u010dasu \u0161li pracovat k\u00a0org\u00e1n\u016fm okupa\u010dn\u00ed spr\u00e1vy, ji\u017e odsud vyhodili: zr\u00e1dce nemaj\u00ed r\u00e1di nikde.<\/p>\n

\n

Autor: Milan Ljeli\u010d<\/a>, politick\u00fd koment\u00e1tor RBC Ukrajina
\nZdroj: RBC Ukrajina<\/a>, 26.\u00a011.\u00a02019
\nFoto: Vitalij Nosa\u010d\/RBC Ukrajina
\nP\u0159eklad: Svatoslav \u0160\u010dyhol<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Na pozad\u00ed aktivn\u00edho vyjedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed o\u00a0Donbasu a p\u0159\u00edprav normandsk\u00e9ho summitu 9.\u00a0prosince je t\u00e9ma Krymu, kter\u00fd okupuje Rusko, st\u00e1le…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":78,"featured_media":7877,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[522,516,993,754],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7876","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-crimea","category-all-news","category-politika","category-spolecnost-all-news"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nTamila Ta\u0161evov\u00e1: Rusko um\u011ble m\u011bn\u00ed etnick\u00e9 slo\u017een\u00ed krymsk\u00e9 populace - InformNapalm.org (\u010ce\u0161tina)<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/tamila-tasevova-rusko-umele-meni-etnicke-slozeni-krymske-populace\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Tamila Ta\u0161evov\u00e1: Rusko um\u011ble m\u011bn\u00ed etnick\u00e9 slo\u017een\u00ed krymsk\u00e9 populace - 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O\u00a0strategii ukrajinsk\u00fdch \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f pro deokupaci poloostrova se dosud nic nev\u00ed.<\/strong><!--more-->\r\n\r\n<strong>O\u00a0tom, zda takov\u00e1 strategie v\u016fbec existuje, jak Rusko m\u011bn\u00ed etnick\u00e9 slo\u017een\u00ed krymsk\u00e9 populace a pro\u010d je t\u0159eba zapsat Med\u017elis do ukrajinsk\u00e9 \u00fastavy, \u0159ekla v\u00a0rozhovoru pro RBC Ukrajina Tamila Ta\u0161evov\u00e1, n\u00e1m\u011bstkyn\u011b st\u00e1l\u00e9ho z\u00e1stupce prezidenta pro Krymskou autonomn\u00ed republiku.<\/strong>\r\n\r\n<hr \/>\r\n\r\n<strong>Jsou dne\u0161n\u00ed represe proti krymsk\u00fdm Tatar\u016fm a Ukrajinc\u016fm na Krymu snahami okupa\u010dn\u00edch \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f potla\u010dit jak\u00fdkoli odli\u0161n\u00fd n\u00e1zor, nebo se to d\u011bl\u00e1, aby se udr\u017eel obraz Ukrajinc\u016f a krymsk\u00fdch Tatar\u016f jako \u201ebanderovc\u016f\u201c a \u201ez\u00e1\u0161kodn\u00edk\u016f\u201c, pop\u0159. s\u00a0n\u011bjak\u00fdm jin\u00fdm c\u00edlem?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nNa Krymu je perzekuov\u00e1no n\u011bkolik skupin osob, jedn\u00e1 se o\u00a0tzv. \u201eneloaj\u00e1ln\u00ed obyvatelstvo\u201c. Za neloaj\u00e1ln\u00ed pova\u017euje Rusko ty, kdo nepodpo\u0159il okupaci Krymu, jde o\u00a0dv\u011b skupiny osob, a sice o\u00a0krymsk\u00e9 Tatary a Ukrajince, kte\u0159\u00ed ne\u0161li k\u00a0referendu, pak k\u00a0prvn\u00edm m\u00edstn\u00edm a v\u0161em dal\u0161\u00edm volb\u00e1m. Tyto obyvatele cht\u011bj\u00ed vytla\u010dit a nahradit.\r\n\r\nTi, kdo je dnes ve v\u011bzen\u00ed, jsou p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b krym\u0161t\u00ed Tata\u0159i, je jich p\u0159es 60\u00a0osob. Ukrajinci jsou prezentov\u00e1ni jako lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed br\u00e1n\u00ed \u201em\u00edru a stabilit\u011b\u201c na Krymu, u\u00a0t\u011bch se uplat\u0148uj\u00ed hlavn\u011b paragrafy o\u00a0\u0161pion\u00e1\u017ei, z\u00e1\u0161kodnictv\u00ed atd. Zat\u00edmco krym\u0161t\u00ed Tata\u0159i jsou vesm\u011bs \u201eextr\u00e9mist\u00e9\u201c a \u201eterorist\u00e9\u201c.\r\n\r\n<strong>S\u00a0n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdm d\u016frazem?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nAno. RF uplat\u0148uje svou legislativu, kterou p\u0159edt\u00edm pou\u017e\u00edvala u\u00a0sebe, a prom\u00edt\u00e1 ji do podm\u00ednek okupovan\u00e9ho Krymu. M\u011bli pocit, \u017ee pron\u00e1sledovat krymsk\u00e9 Tatary je logick\u00e9 a pohodln\u00e9 prizmatem pot\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed extr\u00e9mismu a terorismu. V\u0161em je jasn\u00e9, \u017ee tito lid\u00e9 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00ed extr\u00e9mist\u00e9 ani terorist\u00e9 nejsou, na \u00fazem\u00ed Krymu nikdy nedo\u0161lo k\u00a0\u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9mu teroristick\u00e9mu \u00fatoku, p\u0159ed okupac\u00ed ani potom.\r\n\r\nKrym je \u00fazem\u00edm strachu, lid\u00e9 se boj\u00ed, \u017ee jsou-li Ukrajinci nebo krymsk\u00fdmi Tatary, mohou b\u00fdt pron\u00e1sledov\u00e1ni. Lid\u00e9 opou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed poloostrov, RF je zase nahrazuje sv\u00fdmi lidmi, \u010d\u00edm\u017e vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed homogenn\u00ed spole\u010dnost.\r\n\r\n<strong>Jedn\u00e1 se p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm o\u00a0zam\u011bstnance st\u00e1tn\u00edch \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f a bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch sbor\u016f?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nNej\u010dast\u011bji jsou to u\u010ditel\u00e9, zdravotn\u00edci, velk\u00fd po\u010det zam\u011bstnanc\u016f soudn\u00ed soustavy, prokur\u00e1tor\u016f, vy\u0161et\u0159ovatel\u016f, samoz\u0159ejm\u011b p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edk\u016f bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch sbor\u016f a voj\u00e1k\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou rozm\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed v\u00a0katastru Sevastopolu a v\u00a0are\u00e1lech vojensk\u00fdch \u00fatvar\u016f zabran\u00fdch Ukrajin\u011b.\r\n\r\n<strong>Lid\u00e9 jsou l\u00e1k\u00e1ni ke st\u011bhov\u00e1ni na lep\u0161\u00ed podm\u00ednky, ne\u017e jsou v\u00a0samotn\u00e9 RF?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nJe to tak, jsou pro n\u011b vytv\u00e1\u0159eny motiva\u010dn\u00ed podm\u00ednky. Nap\u0159. dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed n\u00e1borov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky, dost vysok\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stky na p\u0159eklenut\u00ed po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed doby, nebo maj\u00ed zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00fd pron\u00e1jem bydlen\u00ed bu\u010f zdarma, nebo za ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stky. Toto v\u0161e platilo hned ze za\u010d\u00e1tku v\u00a0roce 2014, dnes u\u017e o\u00a0n\u011bco m\u00e9n\u011b. K\u00a0p\u0159est\u011bhov\u00e1n\u00ed na Krym jsou motivov\u00e1ni tak\u00e9 st\u0159edn\u00ed podnikatel\u00e9 s\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee by tu mohli sn\u00e1ze z\u00edskat po\u017eadovan\u00e1 opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed atd.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rbc.ua\/static\/ckef\/img\/3J0A2042-ID53815-650x410.jpg\" width=\"650\" height=\"410\" \/>\r\n\r\n<strong>Jak lze celkov\u011b vyhodnotit demografick\u00e9 zm\u011bny na Krymu od okupace: kolik lid\u00ed ode\u0161lo na \u201epevninskou\u201c Ukrajinu a kolik p\u0159i\u0161lo z\u00a0Ruska?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nLidskopr\u00e1vn\u00ed organizace odhaduj\u00ed na cca 500.000\u00a0osob, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159i\u0161li na poloostrov z\u00a0\u00fazem\u00ed RF. V\u00a0pom\u011bru k\u00a0celkov\u00e9mu po\u010dtu obyvatel Krymu je to obrovsk\u00e9 procento. RF uv\u00e1d\u00ed po\u010dty ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed, p\u0159izn\u00e1v\u00e1 cca 280.000\u00a0osob.\r\n\r\nJim je p\u0159ece tak\u00e9 jasn\u00e9, \u017ee p\u00e1chaj\u00ed zlo\u010din, c\u00edlen\u00e9 p\u0159esuny obyvatelstva a um\u011blou zm\u011bnu etnick\u00e9ho slo\u017een\u00ed \u00fazem\u00ed toti\u017e mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo zakazuje. Proto RF tyto po\u010dty podhodnocuje.\r\n\r\nM\u016f\u017eeme mluvit o\u00a0tom, \u017ee za uplynulou dobu z\u00a0Krymu ode\u0161lo cca 25.000\u00a0krymsk\u00fdch Tatar\u016f. Kolik lid\u00ed ode\u0161lo celkem\u00a0\u2013 zde se \u00fadaje velmi li\u0161\u00ed. Ofici\u00e1ln\u011b se jedn\u00e1 o\u00a0cca 50.000\u00a0osob, ve skute\u010dnosti by ov\u0161em mohlo j\u00edt i o\u00a0dvojn\u00e1sobek. Mnoho t\u011bchto lid\u00ed se toti\u017e v\u016fbec nenahl\u00e1s\u00ed jako vnitrost\u00e1tn\u00ed migranti.\r\n\r\nV\u00a0dob\u011b aktivn\u00ed f\u00e1ze boj\u016f na Donbasu lid\u00e9 prost\u011b prchali p\u0159ed v\u00e1lkou, aby unikli ost\u0159elov\u00e1n\u00ed.\r\n\r\nPokud jde o\u00a0Krymany, mluv\u00edme-li o\u00a0b\u0159eznu a\u017e kv\u011btnu 2014, lid\u00e9 tak\u00e9 ut\u00edkali p\u0159ed \u201ezelen\u00fdmi mu\u017e\u00ed\u010dky\u201c a ruskou technikou, nech\u00e1pali, co se d\u011bje a co maj\u00ed o\u010dek\u00e1vat. A\u017e pozd\u011bji u\u010dinili v\u011bdomou volbu ve prosp\u011bch Ukrajiny jako st\u00e1tu, jemu\u017e d\u016fv\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed, s\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee necht\u011bj\u00ed \u017e\u00edt na Krymu v\u00a0podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch rusk\u00e9 okupace.\r\n\r\nDnes lid\u00e9 odch\u00e1zej\u00ed zejm\u00e9na proto, \u017ee nemohou na Krymu podnikat, zejm\u00e9na v\u00a0oborech vy\u017eaduj\u00edc\u00edch dlouhodob\u00e9 investice, nap\u0159. ve stavebnictv\u00ed. Ve\u0161ker\u00e9 podnik\u00e1n\u00ed na Krymu se dnes omezuje na n\u00e1kup a prodej. Ti, co jsou povol\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed do arm\u00e1dy, odch\u00e1zej\u00ed tak\u00e9.\r\n\r\nJde tedy o\u00a0lidi p\u0159ipraven\u00e9 na odchod, n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed z\u00a0nich prodali majetek, n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed si na\u0161et\u0159ili, kdy\u017e tedy p\u0159ijdou sem na \u201epevninskou\u201c Ukrajinu, potvrzen\u00ed o\u00a0migraci nedostanou, leda\u017ee by m\u011bli n\u011bco spole\u010dn\u00e9ho s\u00a0byrokratick\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem.\r\n\r\n<strong>Vr\u00e1t\u00edme-li se k\u00a0t\u00e9matu repres\u00ed: od okupace a\u017e dodnes nab\u00edraj\u00ed na s\u00edle, nebo jsou naopak na \u00fastupu? A v\u00a0jak\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e se povedlo t\u011bmito represemi potla\u010dit odpor?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nStupe\u0148 odporu velmi nar\u016fst\u00e1. V\u00a0roce 2014 v\u00a0prvn\u00edch n\u011bkolika m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch kulminoval, pak n\u00e1sledovalo obdob\u00ed relativn\u00edho klidu. Lid\u00e9 hledali zp\u016fsoby, jak proti syst\u00e9mu bojovat. Od jist\u00e9 chv\u00edle znovu za\u010daly rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 represe, hromadn\u00e9 prohl\u00eddky a zat\u00fdk\u00e1n\u00ed, tlak na Med\u017elis atd. S\u00edla reakce se rovn\u00e1 s\u00edle akce.\r\n\r\nMluv\u00edme-li pr\u00e1v\u011b o\u00a0krymsk\u00fdch Tatarech, maj\u00ed velmi dlouhou historii n\u00e1rodn\u00edho hnut\u00ed a nen\u00e1siln\u00e9ho odporu, vezmeme-li prvn\u00ed desetilet\u00ed 20.\u00a0stolet\u00ed nebo Sov\u011btsk\u00fd svaz. S\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee se mnoho metod ze sov\u011btsk\u00fdch \u010das\u016f pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 i dnes.\r\n\r\nKdy\u017e se konaj\u00ed domovn\u00ed prohl\u00eddky, p\u0159ijdou k\u00a0domu des\u00edtky, n\u011bkdy i stovky lid\u00ed, jim to nen\u00ed lhostejn\u00e9. N\u00e1sledn\u011b za\u010dnou perzekuovat i tyto lidi, kon\u00e1 se nad nimi soud, i k\u00a0tomuto soudu op\u011bt p\u0159ijdou des\u00edtky a\u017e stovky lid\u00ed na podporu zadr\u017een\u00fdch nebo zat\u010den\u00fdch. P\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 akce nejsou mo\u017en\u00e9, lid\u00e9 v\u0161ak kladou odpor t\u00edm, \u017ee chod\u00ed a podporuj\u00ed.\r\n\r\nV\u00a0roce 2017 se konala akce Krymsk\u00fd maraton. Tehdy se RF rozhodla nam\u00edsto spr\u00e1vn\u00edho v\u011bzen\u00ed uplatnit jin\u00fd zp\u016fsob n\u00e1tlaku, a sice ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed pokut. Pokuty byly velmi vysok\u00e9, a\u017e p\u016flmilion rubl\u016f. \u00da\u010delem bylo lidi zastra\u0161it, to se v\u0161ak nepoda\u0159ilo.\r\n\r\nKdy\u017e se ulo\u017eila podobn\u00e1 pokuta, lid\u00e9 zakl\u00e1dali sb\u00edrky, prost\u0159edky se vyb\u00edraly z\u00a0cel\u00e9ho Krymu, n\u011bkdy i odjinud. \u017d\u00e1dalo se o\u00a0p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek 10\u00a0rubl\u016f, co\u017e je v\u00a0RF kovov\u00e1 mince. Z\u00a0cel\u00e9ho Krymu tedy p\u0159ich\u00e1zely hromady kovu, dokonce i bankovky aktivist\u00e9 sm\u011b\u0148ovali za tyto mince, a kdy\u017e se pak platila pokuta, p\u016fsobilo to jako v\u00fdsm\u011bch re\u017eimu.\r\n\r\nTyto akce upoutaly velkou pozornost, co\u017e okupa\u010dn\u00ed \u00fa\u0159ady velmi na\u0161tvalo. Pak se za\u010daly pokuty ukl\u00e1dat m\u00e9n\u011b \u010dasto. Lid\u00e9 na Krymu se toti\u017e sna\u017e\u00ed hledat podobn\u011b kreativn\u00ed zp\u016fsoby protestu. Odboj nem\u00e1 formu p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 konfrontace s\u00a0mocenskou ma\u0161in\u00e9ri\u00ed.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rbc.ua\/static\/ckef\/img\/3J0A2171-ID53831-650x410.jpg\" width=\"650\" height=\"410\" \/>\r\n\r\n<strong>Jak\u00e9 n\u00e1lady dnes podle V\u00e1s na Krymu p\u0159evl\u00e1daj\u00ed, kolik lid\u00ed zast\u00e1v\u00e1 prorusk\u00e9 postoje, kolik proukrajinsk\u00e9, kolik tvo\u0159\u00ed pasivn\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inu, sta\u010dilo by i velmi p\u0159ibli\u017en\u00e9 rozlo\u017een\u00ed.<\/strong>\r\n\r\nMysl\u00edm, \u017ee o\u00a0v\u00e1\u0161niv\u011b prorusk\u00e9m sektoru se mluvit ned\u00e1, stejn\u011b jako o\u00a0v\u00e1\u0161niv\u011b proukrajinsk\u00e9m. V\u00e1\u0161niv\u011b proukrajinsk\u00fd sektor nem\u016f\u017ee d\u00e1t sv\u016fj postoj ve\u0159ejn\u011b najevo. Implicitn\u011b m\u016f\u017eeme m\u00edt za to, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina krymsk\u00fdch Tatar\u016f p\u0159edstavuje pasivn\u011b proukrajinskou men\u0161inu. Ukrajinu jako st\u00e1t podporuj\u00ed i etni\u010dt\u00ed Ukrajinci.\r\n\r\nJe tu pasivn\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161ina, kter\u00e1 se prost\u011b sm\u00ed\u0159ila s\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee \u017eije v\u00a0podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch okupace, a n\u011bjak se p\u0159izp\u016fsobila. A tak\u00e9 je tu aktivn\u00ed men\u0161ina, kter\u00e1 chod\u00ed k\u00a0soud\u016fm a prohl\u00eddk\u00e1m.\r\n\r\nNechyb\u00ed ani ti, kte\u0159\u00ed aktivn\u011b podporovali Rusko, ale tito dnes tak\u00e9 nejsou aktivn\u00ed. Kdy\u017e se jich zept\u00e1te na kameru, samoz\u0159ejm\u011b \u0159eknou, \u017ee podporuj\u00ed Rusko, \u017ee si ze sankc\u00ed nic ned\u011blaj\u00ed atd. Mezi apologety tzv. krymsk\u00e9ho jara se v\u0161ak najde i dost takov\u00fdch, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou zklam\u00e1ni.\r\n\r\n<strong>Ti, co dnes \u017eij\u00ed na Krymu, dostali v\u0161ichni bez v\u00fdjimky ob\u010dansk\u00e9 pr\u016fkazy RF?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nMy tomu \u0159\u00edk\u00e1me donucov\u00e1n\u00ed k\u00a0ob\u010danstv\u00ed, jinak se tomu toti\u017e \u0159\u00edct ned\u00e1. V\u00a0roce 2014 byla ponech\u00e1na kr\u00e1tk\u00e1 lh\u016fta na to, aby se ukrajin\u0161t\u00ed ob\u010dan\u00e9 vzdali rusk\u00e9ho ob\u010danstv\u00ed, pokud o\u00a0n\u011b nestoj\u00ed.\r\n\r\nMnoho lid\u00ed tak neu\u010dinilo a \u0159eklo si: znamen\u00e1 to snad, \u017ee budeme n\u011bjak uzn\u00e1vat Rusko, kdy\u017e jeho ob\u010danstv\u00ed odm\u00edtneme? Nakonec n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159ece jen odm\u00edtli, takov\u00fdch se na\u0161lo zhruba t\u0159i tis\u00edce. Tito lid\u00e9 si dok\u00e1zali obstarat pr\u016fkaz o\u00a0trval\u00e9m pobytu na \u00fazem\u00ed poloostrova.\r\n\r\nV\u0161ichni ostatn\u00ed, co ruskou ob\u010danku nez\u00edskali, jsou pova\u017eov\u00e1ni za ukrajinsk\u00e9 ob\u010dany nebo jin\u00e9 cizince, mus\u00ed dodr\u017eovat lh\u016ftu 90\u00a0dn\u016f pobytu a pak poloostrov opustit. Nejde v\u0161ak jen o\u00a0cestov\u00e1n\u00ed. Kdyby se jim na Krymu n\u011bco stalo, nem\u011bli by tu n\u00e1rok na l\u00e9ka\u0159skou p\u00e9\u010di, pochopiteln\u011b se mus\u00ed vzd\u00e1t tak\u00e9 rusk\u00e9ho d\u016fchodu a dal\u0161\u00edch soci\u00e1ln\u00edch p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f.\r\n\r\n<strong>A odevzd\u00e1n\u00ed ukrajinsk\u00e9ho OP nebylo povinn\u00e9?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nJak tomu rozum\u00edm j\u00e1, okupa\u010dn\u00ed \u00fa\u0159ady mohly odeb\u00edrat ukrajinsk\u00e9 ob\u010danky p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edk\u016fm bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch sbor\u016f, a to tak\u00e9 ne v\u0161em. \u00da\u0159edn\u00edk\u016fm je neodeb\u00edraly zcela jist\u011b. Kdy\u017e tedy tito lid\u00e9 p\u0159ekro\u010d\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00ed hranici, na neobsazen\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed ukrajinskou ob\u010danku.\r\n\r\nVe\u0161ker\u00e9 ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 listiny vystaven\u00e9 na okupovan\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed tedy pova\u017eujeme za neplatn\u00e9. A ty, kte\u0159\u00ed m\u011bli na Krymu trval\u00fd pobyt v\u00a0roce 2014, a d\u011bti narozen\u00e9 na poloostrov\u011b ukrajinsk\u00fdm ob\u010dan\u016fm pozd\u011bji pova\u017eujeme za st\u00e1tn\u00ed ob\u010dany Ukrajiny.\r\n\r\nJe d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, aby Ukrajina jako st\u00e1t na t\u011bchto stanovisc\u00edch i nad\u00e1le trvala. Ukrajina mus\u00ed naopak maxim\u00e1ln\u011b napomoci tomu, aby d\u011bti narozen\u00e9 na okupovan\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed z\u00edskaly ukrajinsk\u00e9 rodn\u00e9 listy ve zjednodu\u0161en\u00e9m \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.\r\n\r\nDejme tomu, \u017ee za rok, za p\u011bt nebo za deset let\u00a0\u2013 nikdo nev\u00ed, kdy dojde na navr\u00e1cen\u00ed Krymu\u00a0\u2013 by Rusko mohlo za\u010d\u00edt tvrdit: \u017e\u00e1dn\u00ed va\u0161i ob\u010dan\u00e9 tu ji\u017e nez\u016fstali. Ukrajina tedy mus\u00ed maxim\u00e1ln\u011b p\u0159isp\u00edvat k\u00a0tomu, aby tu lid\u00e9 i nad\u00e1le m\u011bli ukrajinsk\u00e9 ob\u010dansk\u00e9 pr\u016fkazy.\r\n\r\n<strong>Kolem Don\u011bck\u00e9 a Luhansk\u00e9 oblasti prob\u00edh\u00e1 permanentn\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed, vznikaj\u00ed jak\u00e9si koncepty deokupace, zat\u00edmco kolem Krymu je ticho po p\u011b\u0161in\u011b. M\u00e1 ukrajinsk\u00fd st\u00e1t v\u016fbec n\u011bjak\u00fd koncept deokupace poloostrova?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nDoned\u00e1vna jsem vedla lidskopr\u00e1vn\u00ed ob\u010dansk\u00e9 sdru\u017een\u00ed KrymSOS. A dlouhou dobu jsme mluvili o\u00a0tom, \u017ee \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 deokupa\u010dn\u00ed strategie neexistuje. Pracovalo se na n\u00ed v\u00a0roce 2015, v\u00a0r\u00e1mci Rady pro n\u00e1rodn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost a obranu Ukrajiny vznikla pracovn\u00ed skupina. Dokument byl p\u0159ed\u00e1n do prezidentsk\u00e9 kancel\u00e1\u0159e a o\u00a0jeho dal\u0161\u00edm osudu se nev\u00ed. Ka\u017edop\u00e1dn\u011b tento dokument nikdo nevid\u011bl.\r\n\r\nExistovaly n\u011bjak\u00e9 pracovn\u00ed pl\u00e1ny, ale \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 strategie. Strategick\u00fd dokument mus\u00ed m\u00edt vypracovan\u00fd ak\u010dn\u00ed pl\u00e1n s\u00a0vyzna\u010den\u00edm odpov\u011bdn\u00fdch osob. Takov\u00fd strategick\u00fd dokument m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt n\u011bkolik \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed.\r\n\r\nSkrytou \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed ledovce jsou bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed str\u00e1nky, kter\u00e9 by se v\u00a0situaci v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 agrese zve\u0159ej\u0148ovat nem\u011bly. Jednozna\u010dn\u011b tu v\u0161ak byly i \u010d\u00e1sti, kter\u00e9 lidem uk\u00e1zat m\u016f\u017eeme.\r\n\r\nM\u00e1m za to, \u017ee v\u00a0posledn\u00edch p\u011bti letech \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 strategick\u00e1 \u010dinnost ohledn\u011b Krymu neprob\u00edhala. Doch\u00e1zelo k\u00a0akc\u00edm na mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed ar\u00e9n\u011b: mezist\u00e1tn\u00ed \u017ealoby, pr\u00e1ce s\u00a0mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm trestn\u00edm soudem, pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0sank\u010dn\u00ed politice, vypracov\u00e1n\u00ed dokument\u016f o\u00a0neuzn\u00e1n\u00ed anexe mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edmi organizacemi atd.\r\n\r\n\u017d\u00e1dn\u00e1 ter\u00e9nn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce jako takov\u00e1 v\u0161ak neprob\u00edhala, s\u00a0lidmi \u017eij\u00edc\u00edmi na okupovan\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed se nijak fyzicky nekomunikovalo. V\u00a0posledn\u00edch p\u011bti letech vedle slogan\u016f \u201eKrym pat\u0159\u00ed n\u00e1m\u201c se m\u011bla v\u00e9st skute\u010dn\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce s\u00a0lidmi, kter\u00e1 jim m\u011bla usnadnit \u017eivot.\r\n\r\n<strong>T\u0159eba?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nO\u00a0dokladech pro d\u011bti narozen\u00e9 v\u00a0okupaci jsem u\u017e mluvila. Podle dnes platn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu lze doklady o\u00a0narozen\u00ed nebo \u00famrt\u00ed z\u00edskat pouze soudn\u00ed cestou. Je to velmi slo\u017eit\u00fd syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd vy\u017eaduje \u010das a pen\u00edze, pro n\u011bkter\u00e9 je dokonce poni\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed dokazovat p\u0159ed soudem, \u017ee se mu narodilo d\u00edt\u011b nebo zem\u0159el p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fd.\r\n\r\nJako ob\u010dansk\u00e1 sdru\u017een\u00ed jsme tehdy navrhovali zav\u00e9st pro tyto p\u0159\u00edpady spr\u00e1vn\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, Ukrajin\u011b v\u0161ak k\u00a0tomu tehdy chyb\u011bla politick\u00e1 v\u016fle. Dnes jsme s\u00a0novou vl\u00e1dou t\u011bchto ujedn\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0podstat\u011b ji\u017e dos\u00e1hli, na po\u017eadovan\u00fdch pr\u00e1vn\u00edch p\u0159edpisech se ji\u017e pracuje. Stejn\u011b v\u0161ak z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 odpor ze strany \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edk\u016f st\u0159edn\u00edho stupn\u011b, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u016fsobili za p\u0159edchoz\u00ed vl\u00e1dy.\r\n\r\nDal\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edkladem je p\u0159ekra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00ed hranice s\u00a0Krymem. Nebyly tu v\u016fbec \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 podm\u00ednky ani pro zam\u011bstnance, ani pro cestuj\u00edc\u00ed. Chyb\u00ed hygienick\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kav\u00e1rna, kde by si \u010dlov\u011bk mohl d\u00e1t k\u00e1vu, parkovi\u0161t\u011b, zdravotn\u00ed st\u0159edisko apod.\r\n\r\nUsilovali jsme o\u00a0to po dobu p\u011bti let, v\u00a0roce 2018 na to byly uvoln\u011bny prost\u0159edky, nebyly v\u0161ak vyu\u017eity a vr\u00e1tily se do st\u00e1tn\u00edho rozpo\u010dtu. Letos byly pen\u00edze uvoln\u011bny a otev\u0159eny dva p\u0159echody, Kalan\u010dak a \u010conhar. Zat\u00edm se jednalo o\u00a0\u00fa\u0159edn\u00ed pracovi\u0161t\u011b, pot\u0159ebujeme je\u0161t\u011b z\u00f3nu slu\u017eeb, kter\u00e1 by se m\u011bla zprovoznit v\u00a0nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00ed dob\u011b.\r\n\r\nP\u0159i ka\u017ed\u00e9m cestov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159es spr\u00e1vn\u00ed hranici se lid\u00e9 pot\u00fdkali s\u00a0nelidsk\u00fdmi podm\u00ednkami, co\u017e jim ukazovalo, \u017ee jejich st\u00e1t se o\u00a0n\u011b nechce postarat. Jsou to velmi n\u00e1zorn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edklady.\r\n\r\nDnes, u\u017e ve ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 funkci, budu mluvit o\u00a0tom, \u017ee ot\u00e1zka deokupace le\u017e\u00ed nejen v\u00a0politick\u00e9 rovin\u011b, co\u017e nikdo nezpochyb\u0148uje, ale tak\u00e9 na \u00farovni mezilidsk\u00fdch vztah\u016f a p\u00e9\u010de o\u00a0ob\u010dany \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed na okupovan\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed.\r\n\r\nSank\u010dn\u00ed re\u017eim proti RF nikdo ru\u0161it nebude, budeme se i nad\u00e1le soudit u\u00a0mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch soud\u016f. Jsou tu v\u0161ak i praktick\u00e9 v\u011bci, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1s cel\u00fdch p\u011bt let vzdalovaly na\u0161im spoluob\u010dan\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed z\u016fstali v\u00a0okupaci.\r\n\r\n<strong>Mysl\u00edte, \u017ee by v\u0161echny tyto praktick\u00e9 v\u011bci skute\u010dn\u011b dok\u00e1zaly zv\u00fd\u0161it loajalitu lid\u00ed v\u016f\u010di Ukrajin\u011b?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nJe to jednozna\u010dn\u00e9. Lid\u00e9 se c\u00edtili opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed dlouh\u00fdch p\u011bt let, i n\u00e1sledky tohoto stavu je t\u0159eba pohotov\u011b p\u0159ekonat.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rbc.ua\/static\/ckef\/img\/3J0A2217-ID53837-650x410.jpg\" width=\"650\" height=\"410\" \/>\r\n\r\n<strong>Uvid\u00edme v\u00a0dohledn\u00e9 budoucnosti strategii deokupace poloostrova? Co je\u0161t\u011b d\u011bl\u00e1 zastoupen\u00ed prezidenta na Krymu?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nDeokupa\u010dn\u00ed strategie je jen jedn\u00edm z\u00a0na\u0161ich pracovn\u00edch zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed. Zastoupen\u00ed prezidenta pro Krym jako org\u00e1n utv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed vizi st\u00e1tu a p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm prezidenta ohledn\u011b toho, jak m\u00e1me sm\u011b\u0159ovat k\u00a0deokupaci, pracovat na udr\u017een\u00ed vztah\u016f s\u00a0lidmi \u017eij\u00edc\u00edmi na okupovan\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed a na vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed pro n\u011b po\u017eadovan\u00fdch podm\u00ednek.\r\n\r\nK\u00a0tomu m\u00e1me \u0159adu strategick\u00fdch c\u00edl\u016f: udr\u017eet Krym ve sf\u00e9\u0159e z\u00e1jmu prezidenta a cel\u00e9 prezidentsk\u00e9 vertik\u00e1ly. Sna\u017e\u00edme se maxim\u00e1ln\u011b reagovat na po\u017eadavky t\u011bch, kdo \u017eije na poloostrov\u011b. Pat\u0159\u00ed sem i v\u00fdvoj legislativn\u00edho z\u00e1kladu, nap\u0159. p\u0159echodov\u00e9ho soudnictv\u00ed. P\u0159i prezidentovi p\u016fsob\u00ed komise pro pr\u00e1vn\u00ed reformu, nechyb\u00ed tu podskupina pro okupovan\u00e9 \u00fazem\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se pr\u00e1v\u011b zab\u00fdv\u00e1 ot\u00e1zkami p\u0159echodov\u00e9ho soudnictv\u00ed.\r\n\r\nTo jsou v\u011bci, o\u00a0nich\u017e by m\u011bli lid\u00e9 v\u011bd\u011bt. Co se bude d\u00edt po deokupaci, jak bude vypadat pr\u00e1vn\u00ed re\u017eim na tomto \u00fazem\u00ed, na co by se m\u011bli p\u0159ipravit soudci, u\u010ditel\u00e9, l\u00e9ka\u0159i, hasi\u010di atd., jak to bude s\u00a0volbami a dal\u0161\u00ed v\u011bci. Je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee v\u00a0roce 2014 n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed z\u00a0u\u010ditel\u016f pom\u00e1hali s\u00a0organizac\u00ed tzv. referenda, proto\u017ee nemohli jinak, m\u011bli to dan\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edkazem \u0159editele \u0161koly.\r\n\r\n<strong>A jak\u00e1 zodpov\u011bdnost by za to podle V\u00e1s m\u011bla b\u00fdt?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nJe to velmi citliv\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka, kter\u00e1 by se m\u011bla \u0159e\u0161it individu\u00e1ln\u011b. Uve\u010fme jako p\u0159\u00edklad \u201ereferendum\u201c a posledn\u00ed \u201evolby\u201c. Obraceli se na n\u00e1s \u0161koln\u00ed u\u010ditel\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed \u0159\u00edkali, \u017ee je \u0159editel nut\u00ed p\u016fsobit ve volebn\u00edch komis\u00edch. Najdou se v\u0161ak tak\u00e9 u\u010ditel\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed o\u00a0\u00fa\u010dast velmi st\u00e1li a hl\u00eddali ty, co se tomu cht\u011bli vyhnout.\r\n\r\nCelkov\u00e9 sch\u00e9ma tedy zn\u00ed tak, \u017ee ve v\u0161ech p\u0159\u00edpadech jde o\u00a0protipr\u00e1vn\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed, org\u00e1ny \u010dinn\u00e9 v\u00a0trestn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed by v\u0161ak m\u011bly d\u016fkladn\u011b \u0159e\u0161it ka\u017ed\u00fd jednotliv\u00fd p\u0159\u00edpad. Mus\u00edme d\u00e1l lidem jasn\u00fd sign\u00e1l: kdy\u017e se n\u011bco d\u011blo nikoli va\u0161\u00ed vinou, nikoli z\u00a0va\u0161\u00ed v\u016fle, ale proto\u017ee jste \u017eili v\u00a0podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch okupace, nic se v\u00e1m za to nestane. Aby si nemysleli, \u017ee \u201ep\u0159ijde Ukrajina a nech\u00e1 v\u0161echny pozav\u00edrat\u201c.\r\n\r\n<strong>A kdy\u017e vezmeme konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad s\u00a0organizac\u00ed referenda?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nRu\u0161t\u00ed voj\u00e1ci z\u00a0povol\u00e1n\u00ed a z\u00e1stupci rusk\u00fdch \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f v\u00a0t\u00e9 dob\u011b ji\u017e byli v\u0161ude, i v\u0161em bylo jasn\u00e9, k\u00a0\u010demu to sp\u011bje. Jen tak odm\u00edtnout ne\u0161lo. Dnes se tato p\u0159echodov\u00e1 legislativa zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1, projde komis\u00ed pro pr\u00e1vn\u00ed reformu, pak se o\u00a0n\u00ed bude \u0161iroce diskutovat ve spole\u010dnosti, i teprve pak zam\u00ed\u0159\u00ed do parlamentu.\r\n\r\n<strong>Vzpom\u00edn\u00e1m si, \u017ee ji\u017e v\u00a0l\u00e9t\u011b 2014 se pokl\u00e1daly p\u0159esn\u011b stejn\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky: jak\u00e1 odpov\u011bdnost by m\u011bla platit za n\u011bjakou \u010dinnost, jak\u00e1 za jinou, i tato t\u00e9mata jsme mohli ji\u017e d\u00e1vno uzav\u0159\u00edt. Pro\u010d se to za p\u011bt let nestalo: \u017ee by \u00fa\u0159ad\u016fm chyb\u011bla politick\u00e1 v\u016fle, \u017ee by prioritou nebyl Krym, ale Donbas?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nJsem si jista, \u017ee nyn\u00ed bude dosa\u017een v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pokrok. M\u00e1me konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed draft dokumentu, na n\u011bm\u017e pracovali z\u00e1stupci ob\u010dansk\u00fdch sdru\u017een\u00ed, aktu\u00e1ln\u011b ho m\u00e1 pracovn\u00ed skupina, douf\u00e1m, \u017ee se tento proces neprot\u00e1hne.\r\n\r\nMysl\u00edm, \u017ee chyb\u011bla politick\u00e1 v\u016fle. I tato skute\u010dnost souvisela zejm\u00e9na tak\u00e9 s\u00a0aktivn\u00ed f\u00e1z\u00ed v\u00e1lky na v\u00fdchod\u011b. P\u0159edchoz\u00ed administrativa velmi aktivn\u011b pracovala na mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed ar\u00e9n\u011b s\u00a0politikou neuzn\u00e1n\u00ed okupace, jen m\u00e1lo se v\u0161ak v\u011bnovala vnitrost\u00e1tn\u00edm v\u011bcem, a to nejen t\u011bm spojen\u00fdm s\u00a0okupac\u00ed Krymu.\r\n\r\n<strong>V\u00a0rozhovoru pro RBC Ukrajina vicepremi\u00e9r <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rbc.ua\/ukr\/news\/vitse-premer-dmitriy-kuleba-nato-vstupim-1573461963.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dmytro Kuleba \u0159ekl<\/a>, \u017ee se Krym vr\u00e1t\u00ed v\u00a0okam\u017eiku, kdy bude Rusko maxim\u00e1ln\u011b oslabeno, souhlas\u00edte s\u00a0t\u00edm?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nOt\u00e1zka Krymu le\u017e\u00ed v\u00a0mnoha rovin\u00e1ch. Je jasn\u00e9, \u017ee je to v\u011bc mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed politiky a glob\u00e1ln\u00edho kontextu. Le\u017e\u00ed v\u0161ak tak\u00e9 v\u00a0rovin\u011b vnitroukrajinsk\u00e9: \u010d\u00edm je st\u00e1t siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zevnit\u0159, t\u00edm v\u00edc se budou lid\u00e9 na Ukrajinu ohl\u00ed\u017eet jako na siln\u00fd st\u00e1t a t\u00edm v\u00edc budou tou\u017eit v\u00a0tomto st\u00e1t\u011b \u017e\u00edt. A tak\u00e9 samoz\u0159ejm\u011b z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na tom, co se odehr\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00a0samotn\u00e9m Rusku.\r\n\r\nOkam\u017eikem X, t\u00edm nejvhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm a nejlep\u0161\u00edm, bude podle m\u011b st\u0159\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed moci v\u00a0Rusku. Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee kdy\u017e se novou hlavou st\u00e1tu stane \u010dlov\u011bk nepoch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed z\u00a0putinovsk\u00e9 vertik\u00e1ly a jeho sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho okol\u00ed, zcela mimo tento syst\u00e9m, a bude cht\u00edt pro svou zemi to nelep\u0161\u00ed, pak bude souhlasit s\u00a0navr\u00e1cen\u00edm Krymu. Toto rozhodnut\u00ed bude sice nepopul\u00e1rn\u00ed, p\u0159esto nezbytn\u00e9 k\u00a0tomu, aby byl obnoven status quo a Rusko se mohlo naplno vr\u00e1tit do mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho spole\u010denstv\u00ed. Pr\u00e1v\u011b proto mus\u00edme, zejm\u00e9na tak\u00e9 prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm sank\u010dn\u00edch mechanism\u016f, Rusko oslabovat.\r\n\r\nA\u0165 Macron nebo Trump \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed cokoliv, po tom v\u0161em, co se ud\u00e1lo v\u00a0roce 2014, nemaj\u00ed Putin a RF \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd respekt. Mnohokr\u00e1t jsem byla na r\u016fzn\u00fdch akc\u00edch a komunikovala s\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdmi mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edmi \u010diniteli, zejm\u00e9na ministry, a ti \u010dasto \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b mimo z\u00e1znam: pros\u00edm nenech\u00e1vejte n\u00e1s s\u00a0n\u00edm o\u00a0samot\u011b. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee RF je zem\u011b, s\u00a0n\u00ed\u017e nelze v\u00e9st v\u016fbec jak\u00e9koli civilizovan\u00e9 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rbc.ua\/static\/ckef\/img\/3J0A2241-ID53839-650x410.jpg\" width=\"650\" height=\"410\" \/>\r\n\r\n<strong>V\u00a0m\u00e9di\u00edch se pravideln\u011b vyno\u0159uje t\u00e9ma z\u00e1sobov\u00e1n\u00ed Krymu vodou. M\u00e1 smysl vyu\u017e\u00edvat vodn\u00ed zdroj jako n\u00e1stroj k\u00a0n\u00e1tlaku na agresora?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nStanovisko st\u00e1tu: \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 voda a\u017e do deokupace. Mluv\u00edme tu o\u00a0n\u00e1rodn\u00edm z\u00e1jmu. \u00dazem\u00ed Krymu okupuje Rusko, i podle mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho humanit\u00e1rn\u00edho pr\u00e1va ve\u0161kerou odpov\u011bdnost za situaci p\u0159eb\u00edr\u00e1 okupa\u010dn\u00ed mocnost.\r\n\r\nJe pravda, \u017ee nesm\u00edme zhor\u0161ovat \u017eivot zdej\u0161\u00edmu obyvatelstvu, mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 i s\u00a0t\u00edm, pro pot\u0159eby obyvatel je v\u0161ak vody dost. Chyb\u00ed pro zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 podniky, chemick\u00e9 podniky, vojensk\u00e9 z\u00e1kladny atd. Proto mluv\u00edme o\u00a0tom, \u017ee bychom nem\u011bli usnad\u0148ovat \u017eivot agresorsk\u00e9mu st\u00e1tu.\r\n\r\nTot\u00e9\u017e se t\u00fdk\u00e1 i dopravn\u00edho spojen\u00ed. Vybavuji si ten humbuk, kter\u00fd se rozpoutal snad kv\u016fli nekorektn\u00edmu vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed ministra infrastruktury.\r\n\r\n<strong>O\u00a0\u017eelezni\u010dn\u00edm spojen\u00ed s\u00a0Krymem?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nAno. I zde plat\u00ed stejn\u00e1 logika: a\u017e do spr\u00e1vn\u00ed hranice s\u00a0Krymem mus\u00edme zajistit ty nejlep\u0161\u00ed podm\u00ednky, aby sem lid\u00e9 mohli p\u0159ijet leg\u00e1ln\u00ed dopravou, ne tak jako dnes. Jde tu zejm\u00e9na o\u00a0bezpe\u010dnost lid\u00ed. Ale jen do \u010d\u00e1ry, o\u00a0\u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9m spojen\u00ed nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt \u0159e\u010d.\r\n\r\n<strong>P\u0159edseda Med\u017elisu Refat \u010cubarov vyz\u00fdv\u00e1 prezidenta Zelensk\u00e9ho, aby p\u0159edlo\u017eil parlamentu \u0159adu n\u00e1vrh\u016f z\u00e1kon\u016f ohledn\u011b postaven\u00ed krymskotatarsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1roda, o\u00a0domorod\u00fdch n\u00e1rodech a o\u00a0krymskotatarsk\u00e9 autonomii. S\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee v\u00a0posledn\u00ed z\u00a0uveden\u00fdch v\u011bc\u00ed neexistuje shoda ani v\u00a0r\u00e1mci proukrajinsk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti spole\u010dnosti. Mohla byste vysv\u011btlit, k\u00a0\u010demu jsou tyto z\u00e1kony dobr\u00e9?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nP\u0159i st\u00e1l\u00e9m zastoupen\u00ed prezidenta na Krymu byla ustavena expertn\u00ed rada, i jde o\u00a0jednu z\u00a0v\u011bc\u00ed, na nich\u017e se aktu\u00e1ln\u011b pracuje. N\u00e1vrh z\u00e1kona o\u00a0krymsk\u00e9 autonomii po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 s\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee Med\u017elis a Kurultaj budou uzn\u00e1ny jako ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed org\u00e1ny, po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 se tak\u00e9 s\u00a0kv\u00f3tov\u00fdm zastoupen\u00edm krymsk\u00fdch Tatar\u016f ve v\u0161ech org\u00e1nech m\u00edstn\u00ed samospr\u00e1vy a zastupitelstvech na poloostrov\u011b. Podobn\u00e9 kv\u00f3ty plat\u00ed v\u00a0mnoha zem\u00edch sv\u011bta, i auto\u0159i tuto praxi studovali.\r\n\r\nTyto v\u011bci v\u0161ak vy\u017eaduj\u00ed komunikaci. Za velkou chybu op\u011bt pova\u017euji to, \u017ee neprob\u00edhala \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 aktivn\u00ed \u010dinnost, aby se vysv\u011btlilo: co to je a pro\u010d krym\u0161t\u00ed Tata\u0159i maj\u00ed pr\u00e1vo na ur\u010ditou kv\u00f3tu v\u00a0org\u00e1nech st\u00e1tn\u00ed moci a m\u00edstn\u00edch zastupitelstvech na poloostrov\u011b.\r\n\r\nJde o\u00a0ot\u00e1zku historick\u00e9 spravedlnosti, je to domorod\u00fd n\u00e1rod Ukrajiny, kter\u00fd za\u017eil n\u011bkolik vln odsun\u016f a je utla\u010dovan\u00fd, je t\u0159eba mu pomoci sv\u00e1 pr\u00e1va obnovit. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 je t\u0159eba si jasn\u011b uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s\u00a0\u00fazemn\u00ed integritou Ukrajiny v\u00a0tomto kontextu nevznikaj\u00ed, ty lze \u0159e\u0161it pouze na celost\u00e1tn\u00ed \u00farovni.\r\n\r\n<strong>O\u00a0jak\u00fdch lh\u016ft\u00e1ch se uva\u017euje?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nO\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1me, \u017ee r\u00e1mcov\u00fd z\u00e1kon o\u00a0domorod\u00fdch n\u00e1rodech bude nejsp\u00ed\u0161 schv\u00e1len rychle, druh\u00fd na \u0159ad\u011b bude n\u00e1vrh z\u00e1kona o\u00a0krymskotatarsk\u00e9m n\u00e1rod\u011b a teprve pak o\u00a0krymsk\u00e9 autonomii. Schvalovat tyto z\u00e1kony bez p\u0159\u00edpravy a komunikace se spole\u010dnost\u00ed by v\u0161ak nebylo spr\u00e1vn\u00e9.\r\n\r\nToto v\u0161e bude t\u0159eba vysv\u011btlit zejm\u00e9na tak\u00e9 poslanc\u016fm, proto\u017ee s\u00a0t\u00edm souvisej\u00ed \u00fastavn\u00ed zm\u011bny, kter\u00e9 budou vy\u017eadovat nikoli oby\u010dejnou, ale \u00fastavn\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161inu.\r\n\r\nJe pravda, \u017ee p\u0159i prvn\u00ed sch\u016fzce l\u00eddr\u016f krymsk\u00fdch Tatar\u016f Mustafy D\u017eemileva, Refata \u010cubarova a poslance za Hlas Rustema Umerova byla tato ot\u00e1zka nastolena, tak\u017ee prezident v\u00ed, \u017ee v\u00a0sou\u010dasnosti na t\u011bchto n\u00e1vrz\u00edch z\u00e1kon\u016f pracujeme. Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, abychom to neusp\u011bchali a ur\u010dit\u00e9 procesy nepo\u0161kodili.\r\n\r\n<strong>V\u00a0dob\u011b p\u0159ed okupac\u00ed existovaly margin\u00e1ln\u00ed krymskotatarsk\u00e9 organizace, kter\u00e9 se prezentovaly jako opozice k\u00a0Med\u017elisu. Z\u00a0\u010derstv\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh\u016f m\u016f\u017eeme p\u0159ipomenout n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvu z\u00e1stupc\u016f jedn\u00e9 z\u00a0prokremelsk\u00fdch krymskotatarsk\u00fdch organizac\u00ed v\u00a0\u010cesku, kter\u00e1 zp\u016fsobila velk\u00fd rozruch. M\u00e1 Rusko n\u011bjak\u00e9 \u00fasp\u011bchy v\u00a0produkov\u00e1n\u00ed opozice k\u00a0Med\u017elisu?<\/strong>\r\n\r\nNa \u00fazem\u00ed Krymu nem\u00e1 \u00fasp\u011bchy \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9, jde o\u00a0organizace dodnes margin\u00e1ln\u00ed, kter\u00e9 nejsou ze strany krymsk\u00fdch Tatar\u016f v\u016fbec akceptov\u00e1ny. Tito lid\u00e9 jsou v\u00a0krymskotatarsk\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed odpadl\u00edci. A ty krymsk\u00e9 Tatary, kte\u0159\u00ed sv\u00e9ho \u010dasu \u0161li pracovat k\u00a0org\u00e1n\u016fm okupa\u010dn\u00ed spr\u00e1vy, ji\u017e odsud vyhodili: zr\u00e1dce nemaj\u00ed r\u00e1di nikde.\r\n\r\n<hr \/>\r\n\r\n<em><img class=\"alignleft size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rbc.ua\/static\/img\/0\/4\/04__11_60x60.jpg\" width=\"60\" height=\"60\" \/>Autor: <a href=\"https:\/\/daily.rbc.ua\/ukr\/author\/a733\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Milan Ljeli\u010d<\/a>, politick\u00fd koment\u00e1tor RBC Ukrajina\r\nZdroj: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rbc.ua\/ukr\/news\/tamila-tasheva-rossiya-iskusstvenno-menyaet-1574692867.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">RBC Ukrajina<\/a>, 26.\u00a011.\u00a02019\r\nFoto: Vitalij Nosa\u010d\/RBC Ukrajina\r\nP\u0159eklad: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/scyhol\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Svatoslav \u0160\u010dyhol<\/a><\/em>","amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7876","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/78"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7876"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7876\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7878,"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7876\/revisions\/7878"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7877"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7876"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7876"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7876"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}