{"id":9489,"date":"2021-11-07T16:45:36","date_gmt":"2021-11-07T16:45:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/?p=9489"},"modified":"2021-11-07T16:45:36","modified_gmt":"2021-11-07T16:45:36","slug":"ockovani-proti-ruske-propagande-jak-staty-eu-prekonavaji-odpor-antivaxeru","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/ockovani-proti-ruske-propagande-jak-staty-eu-prekonavaji-odpor-antivaxeru\/","title":{"rendered":"O\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed proti rusk\u00e9 propagand\u011b: jak st\u00e1ty EU p\u0159ekon\u00e1vaj\u00ed odpor antivaxer\u016f"},"content":{"rendered":"

Jak p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit k\u00a0o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed ty, kdo pova\u017euj\u00ed pandemii za v\u00fdmysl?<\/p>\n

Tento probl\u00e9m m\u00e1 mnoho zem\u00ed. V\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stech Evropy a sv\u011bta se najde zna\u010dn\u00e9 procento ob\u010dan\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed pova\u017euj\u00ed o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed za omezov\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00fdch pr\u00e1v a jsou ochotni za n\u011b bojovat.<\/p>\n

Zku\u0161enosti s\u00a0p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dov\u00e1n\u00edm skeptik\u016f z\u00a0jednoho st\u00e1tu se mohou \u010dasem hodit st\u00e1tu jin\u00e9mu. Metody, hesla, ba dokonce i zdroje financov\u00e1n\u00ed antivaxer\u016f z\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdch zem\u00ed jsou si toti\u017e \u010dasto podobn\u00e9 jako vejce vejci.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Viacheslav Valico v Ki\u0161in\u011bv\u011b v z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed. Grafick\u00e1 \u00faprava plak\u00e1t\u016f je identick\u00e1 s t\u011bmi, kter\u00e9 dr\u017eeli \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edci protestu proti o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed v Kyjev\u011b v listopadu 2021. Foto poch\u00e1z\u00ed ze str\u00e1nky v\u011bnovan\u00e9 odporu proti o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed v Moldavsku.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Uk\u00e1zkou budi\u017e mnohatis\u00edcov\u00fd m\u00edtink odp\u016frc\u016f o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00fd se konal v\u00a0Kyjev\u011b 3.\u00a0listopadu.<\/p>\n

U\u017e je zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee jedn\u00edm ze spoluorganiz\u00e1tor\u016f akce byl moldavsk\u00fd aktivista Viacheslav Valico<\/a>, kter\u00fd byl p\u0159ed \u010dasem pov\u011bdom\u00fd svou \u00fa\u010dast\u00ed ve volb\u00e1ch jako \u010dlen t\u00fdmu otev\u0159en\u011b prorusk\u00e9 strany a dnes se zam\u011b\u0159uje na protio\u010dkovac\u00ed propagandu c\u00edlenou na rusky mluv\u00edc\u00ed obyvatele Moldavska.<\/p>\n

Pr\u00e1v\u011b zde byla otestov\u00e1na hesla kyjevsk\u00e9ho m\u00edtinku: \u201eNe nucen\u00e9mu o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed!\u201c, \u201eM\u00e9 t\u011blo je m\u00e1 volba a m\u00e1 pr\u00e1va\u201c nebo \u201e\u0158ekni NE covid pas\u016fm\u201c.<\/p>\n

Dokonce i grafick\u00e1 \u00faprava transparent\u016f je identick\u00e1 s\u00a0t\u011bmi, kter\u00e9 Valico a jeho spolupracovn\u00edci pou\u017e\u00edvali v\u00a0Ki\u0161in\u011bv\u011b, a\u017e na jedinou odli\u0161nost: zat\u00edmco v\u00a0Moldavsku byly plak\u00e1ty vyti\u0161t\u011bny rovnou v\u00a0ru\u0161tin\u011b, v\u00a0Kyjev\u011b p\u0159elo\u017eeny do ukrajin\u0161tiny (i kdy\u017e s\u00a0chybami).<\/p>\n

Nav\u00edc rusk\u00e1 propaganda samoz\u0159ejm\u011b nen\u00ed pro tzv. antivaxery jedin\u00fdm zdrojem.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Proo\u010dkovanost v \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1tech EU. Sv\u011btlej\u0161\u00ed barva odpov\u00edd\u00e1 ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed proo\u010dkovanosti. Infografika ECDC<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

I kdy\u017e je nutno uznat, \u017ee nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pod\u00edl lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed se necht\u011bj\u00ed nechat o\u010dkovat, \u017eije pr\u00e1v\u011b ve v\u00fdchodn\u00edch \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1tech EU.<\/p>\n

D\u016fvodem nen\u00ed jen to, \u017ee na v\u00fdchod\u011b Evropy m\u00e1 Rusko v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed informa\u010dn\u00ed vliv. \u00da\u0159ady t\u011bchto st\u00e1t\u016f nez\u0159\u00eddka t\u00e9to propagand\u011b nev\u011bdomky nahr\u00e1valy. V\u00fdrazn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem je Polsko, kde se politici dopou\u0161t\u011bli stejn\u00fdch chyb jako jejich ukrajin\u0161t\u00ed kolegov\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Aktu\u00e1ln\u011b plat\u00ed, \u017ee Ukrajina je v\u00a0proo\u010dkovanosti na p\u0159edposledn\u00edm m\u00edst\u011b v\u00a0Evrop\u011b (zaost\u00e1v\u00e1 za n\u00ed jen Arm\u00e9nie).<\/p>\n

Nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u0161ak je, \u017ee velk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st Ukrajinc\u016f prohla\u0161uje, \u017ee nem\u00e1 v\u00a0\u00famyslu se nechat o\u010dkovat. V\u00a0\u0159\u00edjnu se takov\u00fdch na\u0161lo 43\u00a0%. M\u016f\u017eeme sice mluvit o\u00a0v\u00fdrazn\u00e9m pokroku oproti 55\u00a0% z\u00a0leto\u0161n\u00edho l\u00e9ta, k\u00a0evropsk\u00e9mu pr\u016fm\u011bru m\u00e1 v\u0161ak Ukrajina st\u00e1le na m\u00edle daleko.<\/p>\n

Ve snaze pochopit, co by mohlo p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit Ukrajince k\u00a0n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv\u011b o\u010dkovac\u00edch m\u00edst, jsme zkoumali zku\u0161enosti z\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edch evropsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed, a to jak ty \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9, tak naopak.<\/p>\n

Polsko: kdy\u017e boj o\u00a0preference pom\u00e1h\u00e1 epidemii<\/h2>\n

V\u00a0Polsku je v\u00a0sou\u010dasnosti pln\u011b proo\u010dkov\u00e1no n\u011bco p\u0159es 52\u00a0%\u00a0obyvatel. Oproti Ukrajin\u011b jde sice st\u00e1le o\u00a0\u00factyhodn\u00fd po\u010det, p\u0159esto v\u00a0r\u00e1mci EU jsou Pol\u00e1ci teprve na 23.\u00a0m\u00edst\u011b.<\/p>\n

Co\u017e nen\u00ed pro z\u00e1padn\u00ed sousedy Ukrajiny jedin\u00fd probl\u00e9m.<\/p>\n

\u201e\u00da\u0159ady jsou v\u00a0bezv\u00fdchodn\u00e9 situaci. Hned od za\u010d\u00e1tku kampan\u011b se dopustily \u0159ady z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdch chyb. Dnes m\u00e1m pocit, \u017ee u\u017e nemaj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 n\u00e1pady, jak tento stav napravit\u201c, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Pawe\u0142 Reszka, vedouc\u00ed odd\u011blen\u00ed polsk\u00e9ho \u010dasopisu Polityka zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9ho na zdravotnictv\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Ze za\u010d\u00e1tku sice proo\u010dkovanost stoupala strm\u011b vzh\u016fru, \u010dasem se v\u0161ak kampa\u0148 zasekla a del\u0161\u00ed dobu setrv\u00e1vala kolem 40\u201350\u00a0%.<\/p>\n

Jednou z p\u0159\u00ed\u010din je populismus polsk\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy.<\/h3>\n

Ji\u017e v\u00a0r\u00e1mci prezidentsk\u00e9 kampan\u011b 2020 si \u00fa\u0159aduj\u00edc\u00ed hlava st\u00e1tu Andrzej Duda pohr\u00e1vala s\u00a0voli\u010di dvojsmysln\u00fdmi vzkazy ohledn\u011b o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u201ePokud jde o\u00a0vakc\u00ednu, nejsem v\u016fbec zast\u00e1ncem jak\u00e9hokoli povinn\u00e9ho o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed\u2026 Jako d\u00edt\u011b a pozd\u011bji jako dorostenec jsem sice nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed podstoupil, proti ch\u0159ipce jsem se v\u0161ak nikdy o\u010dkovat nenechal ani to nem\u00e1m v\u00a0\u00famyslu\u201c, \u0159ekl prezident.<\/p>\n

Pawe\u0142 Reszka je p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den, \u017ee jistou roli to p\u0159ece jen sehr\u00e1lo. Odp\u016frci o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed onen prezidentsk\u00fd v\u00fdrok dodnes vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed jako argument, pro\u010d se o\u010dkovat nenechaj\u00ed. \u201eS\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee vl\u00e1dnouc\u00ed strana PiS (Pr\u00e1vo a spravedlnost) m\u00e1 dnes skupinu poslanc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou zjevn\u011b proti sou\u010dasn\u00fdm covidov\u00fdm omezen\u00edm\u201c, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Reszka.<\/p>\n

Populisty ve vl\u00e1d\u011b p\u0159i\u017eivuje, \u017ee voli\u010di PiS jsou z\u00a0velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti neo\u010dkovan\u00ed. Proto se vl\u00e1dnouc\u00ed politick\u00e1 s\u00edla v\u00a0Polsku sna\u017e\u00ed sv\u00e9 voli\u010de nena\u0161tvat. Tak\u017ee i kdy\u017e se v\u00a0zemi n\u011bjak\u00fd lockdown vyhl\u00e1s\u00ed, pro o\u010dkovan\u00e9 se \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 v\u00fdjimky ned\u011blaj\u00ed. \u201eKdyby toti\u017e zak\u00e1zali neo\u010dkovan\u00fdm l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016fm chodit do pr\u00e1ce nebo nepou\u0161t\u011bli neo\u010dkovan\u00e9 do restaurac\u00ed, dopadlo by to p\u0159\u00edmo na jejich voli\u010de\u201c, je p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den expert.<\/p>\n

To vedlo ke vzniku bludn\u00e9ho kruhu: t\u00edm, \u017ee o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed nem\u00e1 vliv na svobodu pohybu, se sni\u017euje popt\u00e1vka po imunizaci.<\/p>\n

Reszka z\u00e1rove\u0148 nepova\u017euje polskou vl\u00e1du za antivaxerskou. Jde sp\u00ed\u0161 o\u00a0chyby ve veden\u00ed kampan\u011b.<\/p>\n

D\u00e1nsko: prvn\u00ed v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed nad pandemi\u00ed<\/h2>\n

Najdeme v\u00a0Evrop\u011b i kladn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edklady. Jedn\u00edm z\u00a0nich je D\u00e1nsko, kter\u00e9 se stalo prvn\u00edm st\u00e1tem, je\u017e zru\u0161il covidov\u00e1 omezen\u00ed. A to \u00fapln\u011b beze zbytku.<\/p>\n

Co\u017e bylo umo\u017en\u011bno ve chv\u00edli, kdy pod\u00edl proo\u010dkovan\u00fdch obyvatel p\u0159ekro\u010dil 70\u00a0% (dnes je jich 75,1\u00a0%, a po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1me-li pouze dosp\u011bl\u00e9, z\u00edsk\u00e1me pro n\u00e1s neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u00fdch 88\u00a0%).<\/p>\n

Jak se to D\u00e1n\u016fm poda\u0159ilo?<\/p>\n

O\u00a0odpov\u011b\u010f jsme po\u017e\u00e1dali d\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho politologa Michaela Beng Petersena. Je \u010dlenem t\u00fdmu HOPE, projektu d\u00e1nsk\u00fdch expert\u016f zkoumaj\u00edc\u00edho, jak si sv\u011btov\u00e9 demokracie porad\u00ed s\u00a0pandemi\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u201eCelou kampa\u0148 doprov\u00e1zely st\u00e1tn\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00ed slu\u017eby. Ka\u017ed\u00fd D\u00e1n, kter\u00fd byl na \u0159ad\u011b s\u00a0o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00edm, obdr\u017eel zpr\u00e1vu s\u00a0p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdmi pokyny\u201c<\/em>, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Petersen.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1sadn\u00edho v\u00fdznamu nabyla kvalita komunikace \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f s\u00a0obyvatelstvem.<\/h3>\n

Podle politologa ji\u017e v\u00a0b\u0159eznu a\u017e dubnu dok\u00e1zaly \u00fa\u0159ady zem\u011b nav\u00e1zat dialog s\u00a0ob\u010dany, tud\u00ed\u017e i z\u00edskat jejich d\u016fv\u011bru k\u00a0boji proti pandemii, kter\u00e1 je v\u00fdrazn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e v\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch dal\u0161\u00edch zem\u00edch.<\/p>\n

Co to znamen\u00e1?<\/p>\n

Hned od prvn\u00edch dn\u016f pandemie d\u00e1nsk\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159ady ve\u0159ejn\u011b diskutovaly jak o\u00a0kladech, tak o\u00a0z\u00e1porech vakc\u00edn<\/strong>. A to v\u010detn\u011b jejich vedlej\u0161\u00edch \u00fa\u010dink\u016f \u010di n\u00edzk\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinnosti. To pomohlo udr\u017eet d\u016fv\u011bru v\u016f\u010di zdravotnictv\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Nikoli m\u00e9n\u011b v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm faktorem v\u0161ak byl celkov\u00fd stupe\u0148 d\u016fv\u011bry ke zdravotnick\u00fdm instituc\u00edm. \u201eKdy\u017e je pod\u00edl t\u011bch, kdo zdravotnick\u00e9mu syst\u00e9mu sv\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu d\u016fv\u011b\u0159uje, velk\u00fd, vid\u00edme tak\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ochotu k\u00a0o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed. Tato d\u016fv\u011bra je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1\u201c, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Petersen.<\/p>\n

Mimochodem dom\u00e1c\u00edmu zdravotnick\u00e9mu syst\u00e9mu d\u016fv\u011b\u0159uje 79\u00a0% D\u00e1n\u016f (mezi Ukrajinci \u010dinila tato hodnota v\u00a0roce 2020 pouh\u00fdch 33\u00a0% a jen st\u011b\u017e\u00ed se zv\u00fd\u0161ila za dobu pandemie).<\/p>\n

Zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 je, \u017ee v\u00a0letech 2020 a\u017e 2021 nedok\u00e1zal \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd ze st\u00e1t\u016f, je\u017e expert zkoumal, zv\u00fd\u0161it d\u016fv\u011bru v\u016f\u010di sv\u00fdm zdravotnick\u00fdm instituc\u00edm. Jedinou v\u00fdjimku podle n\u011bj tvo\u0159ily USA, kde byl podn\u011btem ke zm\u011bn\u00e1m p\u0159\u00edchod Bidenovy administrativy.<\/p>\n

Francouzsk\u00fd recept, jak \u010delit tzv. antivaxer\u016fm<\/h2>\n

Je dob\u0159e, kdy\u017e st\u00e1tn\u00ed instituce maj\u00ed v\u00a0zemi tradi\u010dn\u011b vysokou d\u016fv\u011bru. Co v\u0161ak maj\u00ed d\u011blat ti ostatn\u00ed?<\/p>\n

\u0158e\u010d nen\u00ed zdaleka jen o\u00a0Ukrajin\u011b.<\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edkladem je Francie, kde letos v\u00a0l\u00e9t\u011b po dal\u0161\u00edm avizovan\u00e9m lockdownu zes\u00edlily protestn\u00ed n\u00e1lady. Zde mimochodem tak\u00e9 aktivn\u011b p\u016fsobila rusk\u00e1 protio\u010dkovac\u00ed propaganda, kter\u00e1 podkop\u00e1vala d\u016fv\u011bru k\u00a0vakcinaci. Informovala o\u00a0tom sv\u011btov\u00e1 m\u00e9dia v\u010detn\u011b BBC<\/a> nebo R\u00e1dia Svoboda<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Ani zde v\u0161ak podle \u010d\u00e1sti expert\u016f nebyl rusk\u00fd vliv hlavn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou probl\u00e9m\u016f.<\/p>\n

Michael Beng Petersen pova\u017euje situaci ve Francii za odstra\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edklad, co v\u0161echno mohou zp\u016fsobit tvrd\u00e1 omezen\u00ed. Lockdowny ve Francii byly podle n\u011bj p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 tvrd\u00e9, co\u017e zp\u016fsobilo \u00fanavu obyvatel z\u00a0t\u011bchto omezen\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Jin\u00fd n\u00e1zor m\u00e1 vedouc\u00ed programu zdravotnick\u00e9 politiky Institutu Montaigne Laure Milletov\u00e1: \u201eV\u00a0dob\u011b minul\u00fdch karant\u00e9nn\u00edch omezen\u00ed k\u00a0\u017e\u00e1dn\u00fdm protestn\u00edm hnut\u00edm nedoch\u00e1zelo. Lid\u00e9 ch\u00e1pali situaci a z\u016fst\u00e1vali doma. I teprve dnes, kdy\u017e jsme zp\u0159\u00edstupnili restaurace o\u010dkovan\u00fdm, vznikla protestn\u00ed hnut\u00ed\u201c, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1.<\/p>\n

K\u00a0dne\u0161n\u00edmu dni je 74\u00a0%\u00a0obyvatel Francie oo\u010dkov\u00e1no dv\u011bma d\u00e1vkami.<\/p>\n

Ze za\u010d\u00e1tku se Francouzi nech\u00e1vali o\u010dkovat docela ochotn\u011b, v\u00a0l\u00e9t\u011b v\u0161ak o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed zpomalilo.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0\u010dervnu tedy prezident Macron avizoval zaveden\u00ed tzv. zdravotn\u00edch pr\u016fkaz\u016f s\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee od srpna mohou nav\u0161t\u011bvovat restaurace, muzea apod. pouze o\u010dkovan\u00ed, pop\u0159. ti, kdo p\u0159edlo\u017e\u00ed \u010derstv\u00fd PCR test nebo potvrzen\u00ed o\u00a0prod\u011blan\u00e9m koronaviru v\u00a0posledn\u00edch \u0161esti m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch.<\/p>\n

Po zaveden\u00ed tzv. zdravotn\u00edch pr\u016fkaz\u016f rychlost o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed rapidn\u011b vzrostla.<\/h3>\n

Pokud jde o protesty, pak podle Milletov\u00e9 po\u010det nespokojen\u00fdch s tzv. zdravotn\u00edmi pr\u016fkazy v\u00fdrazn\u011b kles\u00e1. Zat\u00edmco v srpnu bylo v cel\u00e9 zemi dohromady a\u017e 240.000 demonstrant\u016f, posledn\u00ed v\u00edkend jich bylo jen cca 25.000.<\/p>\n

Hlavn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou protest\u016f je podle n\u00ed skute\u010dnost, \u017ee se mnoha Francouz\u016fm povinn\u00e9 o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed prost\u011b nel\u00edb\u00ed. Na 20\u00a0%\u00a0ob\u010dan\u016f tohoto st\u00e1tu se nechce nechat o\u010dkovat a p\u0159eje si ponechat svobodu z\u016fstat neo\u010dkov\u00e1ni.<\/p>\n

Co s\u00a0t\u00edm? Stejn\u011b jako d\u00e1nsk\u00fd expert je i Milletov\u00e1 p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dena, \u017ee hlavn\u00ed d\u016fraz je nutno kl\u00e1st na komunikaci s\u00a0obyvatelstvem.<\/p>\n

\u201eNa\u0161e informa\u010dn\u00ed kampa\u0148 \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b vysv\u011btluje fungov\u00e1n\u00ed vakc\u00edn a v\u011bdeck\u00e9 \u00fadaje o\u00a0pandemii celkov\u011b. Vl\u00e1da v\u0161ak samoz\u0159ejm\u011b m\u00e1 ud\u011blat v\u00edc, aby zamezila \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed dezinformac\u00ed\u201c, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 expertka.<\/p>\n

Co to znamen\u00e1 pro Ukrajinu?<\/h2>\n

Co tedy nen\u00ed v\u00a0po\u0159\u00e1dku s\u00a0o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00edm proti covidu v\u00a0Ukrajin\u011b?<\/p>\n

Osloven\u00ed experti \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed, \u017ee prost\u00e9 p\u0159eb\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed zku\u0161enost\u00ed nen\u00ed nejlep\u0161\u00edm n\u00e1padem, proto\u017ee situace v\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdch st\u00e1tech se li\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u201eJsou tu t\u0159eba zem\u011b, jim\u017e se poda\u0159ilo dos\u00e1hnout v\u00a0o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed zna\u010dn\u00fdch \u00fasp\u011bch\u016f, ani\u017e by musely zav\u00e1d\u011bt listiny obdobn\u00e9 francouzsk\u00fdm tzv. zdravotn\u00edm pr\u016fkaz\u016fm\u201c, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Laure Milletov\u00e1.<\/p>\n

I tato v\u0161ak shodn\u011b se z\u00e1stupci jin\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na r\u00e1zn\u00e9m spole\u010dn\u00e9m postupu politik\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed sv\u00e9 sympatizanty k\u00a0o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit.<\/p>\n

\u201eCo lze poradit, je spojen\u00ed politick\u00fdch elit. N\u011bkdy mus\u00ed politici ob\u011btovat hlasy v\u00a0p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch volb\u00e1ch a dos\u00e1hnout kompromisu, n\u00e1sledn\u011b j\u00edt p\u0159ed lidi a komunikovat, pro\u010d je schv\u00e1len\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 a pro\u010d bychom ho m\u011bli v\u0161ichni spole\u010dn\u011b dodr\u017eovat\u201c, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Michael Beng Petersen.<\/p>\n

\u201eZcela jist\u011b pot\u0159ebujete l\u00e9pe pochopit, pro\u010d se lid\u00e9 necht\u011bj\u00ed nechat o\u010dkovat. Jsou skepti\u010dt\u00ed, proto\u017ee nech\u00e1pou, jak to funguje, nebo jsou tu i n\u011bjak\u00e9 jin\u00e9 faktory?<\/p>\n

Takto lze identifikovat probl\u00e9my, nap\u0159. s\u00a0komunikac\u00ed nebo dostupnost\u00ed vakc\u00edny, a pak pracovat u\u017e na konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch probl\u00e9mech. P\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit antivaxery je bohu\u017eel velmi t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9, ve skute\u010dnosti v\u0161ak existuje spousta lid\u00ed, jim\u017e sta\u010d\u00ed jen vysv\u011btlit, jak vakc\u00edny funguj\u00ed\u201c, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Laure Milletov\u00e1.<\/p>\n

\n

autor: Danylo Karpa, novin\u00e1\u0159
\nzdroj: Ukrajinsk\u00e1 pravda<\/a>, 5. listopadu 2021
\np\u0159eklad: Svatoslav \u0160\u010dyhol<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Jak p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit k\u00a0o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed ty, kdo pova\u017euj\u00ed pandemii za v\u00fdmysl? Tento probl\u00e9m m\u00e1 mnoho zem\u00ed. V\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stech Evropy…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":78,"featured_media":9490,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[523,516],"tags":[8792,150,10139,476],"class_list":["post-9489","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analytics","category-all-news","tag-covid-19","tag-informacni-valka","tag-ockovani","tag-ruska-propaganda"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nO\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed proti rusk\u00e9 propagand\u011b: jak st\u00e1ty EU p\u0159ekon\u00e1vaj\u00ed odpor antivaxer\u016f - InformNapalm.org (\u010ce\u0161tina)<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/ockovani-proti-ruske-propagande-jak-staty-eu-prekonavaji-odpor-antivaxeru\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"O\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed proti rusk\u00e9 propagand\u011b: jak st\u00e1ty EU p\u0159ekon\u00e1vaj\u00ed odpor antivaxer\u016f - InformNapalm.org (\u010ce\u0161tina)\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Jak p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit k\u00a0o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed ty, kdo pova\u017euj\u00ed pandemii za v\u00fdmysl? 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V\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stech Evropy...","og_url":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/ockovani-proti-ruske-propagande-jak-staty-eu-prekonavaji-odpor-antivaxeru\/","og_site_name":"InformNapalm.org (\u010ce\u0161tina)","article_published_time":"2021-11-07T16:45:36+00:00","og_image":[{"width":705,"height":395,"url":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/11\/Ockovani-proti-ruske-propagande_-jak-staty-EU-prekonavaji-odpor-antivaxeru.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"svatoslav","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"svatoslav","Est. reading time":"8 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/ockovani-proti-ruske-propagande-jak-staty-eu-prekonavaji-odpor-antivaxeru\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/ockovani-proti-ruske-propagande-jak-staty-eu-prekonavaji-odpor-antivaxeru\/"},"author":{"name":"svatoslav","@id":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/#\/schema\/person\/df2cf86bd5e35ae01a82d1108d3c5f51"},"headline":"O\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed proti rusk\u00e9 propagand\u011b: jak st\u00e1ty EU p\u0159ekon\u00e1vaj\u00ed odpor antivaxer\u016f","datePublished":"2021-11-07T16:45:36+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/ockovani-proti-ruske-propagande-jak-staty-eu-prekonavaji-odpor-antivaxeru\/"},"wordCount":2094,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/ockovani-proti-ruske-propagande-jak-staty-eu-prekonavaji-odpor-antivaxeru\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2021\/11\/Ockovani-proti-ruske-propagande_-jak-staty-EU-prekonavaji-odpor-antivaxeru.jpg","keywords":["covid-19","informa\u010dn\u00ed v\u00e1lka","o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed","rusk\u00e1 propaganda"],"articleSection":["Analytika","Novinky"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/ockovani-proti-ruske-propagande-jak-staty-eu-prekonavaji-odpor-antivaxeru\/","url":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/ockovani-proti-ruske-propagande-jak-staty-eu-prekonavaji-odpor-antivaxeru\/","name":"O\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed proti rusk\u00e9 propagand\u011b: jak st\u00e1ty EU p\u0159ekon\u00e1vaj\u00ed odpor antivaxer\u016f - 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V\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stech Evropy a sv\u011bta se najde zna\u010dn\u00e9 procento ob\u010dan\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed pova\u017euj\u00ed o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed za omezov\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00fdch pr\u00e1v a jsou ochotni za n\u011b bojovat.\r\n\r\nZku\u0161enosti s\u00a0p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dov\u00e1n\u00edm skeptik\u016f z\u00a0jednoho st\u00e1tu se mohou \u010dasem hodit st\u00e1tu jin\u00e9mu. Metody, hesla, ba dokonce i zdroje financov\u00e1n\u00ed antivaxer\u016f z\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdch zem\u00ed jsou si toti\u017e \u010dasto podobn\u00e9 jako vejce vejci.\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"\" align=\"alignright\" width=\"349\"]<img class=\"size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/img.eurointegration.com.ua\/images\/doc\/9\/5\/95ac082-2.jpg\" width=\"349\" height=\"350\" \/> Viacheslav Valico v Ki\u0161in\u011bv\u011b v z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed. Grafick\u00e1 \u00faprava plak\u00e1t\u016f je identick\u00e1 s t\u011bmi, kter\u00e9 dr\u017eeli \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edci protestu proti o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed v Kyjev\u011b v listopadu 2021. Foto poch\u00e1z\u00ed ze str\u00e1nky v\u011bnovan\u00e9 odporu proti o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed v Moldavsku.[\/caption]\r\n\r\nUk\u00e1zkou budi\u017e mnohatis\u00edcov\u00fd m\u00edtink odp\u016frc\u016f o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00fd se konal v\u00a0Kyjev\u011b 3.\u00a0listopadu.\r\n\r\nU\u017e je zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee jedn\u00edm ze spoluorganiz\u00e1tor\u016f akce byl moldavsk\u00fd aktivista <a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/valico.v.i\">Viacheslav Valico<\/a>, kter\u00fd byl p\u0159ed \u010dasem pov\u011bdom\u00fd svou \u00fa\u010dast\u00ed ve volb\u00e1ch jako \u010dlen t\u00fdmu otev\u0159en\u011b prorusk\u00e9 strany a dnes se zam\u011b\u0159uje na protio\u010dkovac\u00ed propagandu c\u00edlenou na rusky mluv\u00edc\u00ed obyvatele Moldavska.\r\n\r\nPr\u00e1v\u011b zde byla otestov\u00e1na hesla kyjevsk\u00e9ho m\u00edtinku: \u201eNe nucen\u00e9mu o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed!\u201c, \u201eM\u00e9 t\u011blo je m\u00e1 volba a m\u00e1 pr\u00e1va\u201c nebo \u201e\u0158ekni NE covid pas\u016fm\u201c.\r\n\r\nDokonce i grafick\u00e1 \u00faprava transparent\u016f je identick\u00e1 s\u00a0t\u011bmi, kter\u00e9 Valico a jeho spolupracovn\u00edci pou\u017e\u00edvali v\u00a0Ki\u0161in\u011bv\u011b, a\u017e na jedinou odli\u0161nost: zat\u00edmco v\u00a0Moldavsku byly plak\u00e1ty vyti\u0161t\u011bny rovnou v\u00a0ru\u0161tin\u011b, v\u00a0Kyjev\u011b p\u0159elo\u017eeny do ukrajin\u0161tiny (i kdy\u017e s\u00a0chybami).\r\n\r\nNav\u00edc rusk\u00e1 propaganda samoz\u0159ejm\u011b nen\u00ed pro tzv. antivaxery jedin\u00fdm zdrojem.\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"\" align=\"alignleft\" width=\"349\"]<img class=\"size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/img.eurointegration.com.ua\/images\/doc\/e\/3\/e37764f-map-europe.jpg\" width=\"349\" height=\"439\" \/> Proo\u010dkovanost v \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1tech EU. Sv\u011btlej\u0161\u00ed barva odpov\u00edd\u00e1 ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed proo\u010dkovanosti. Infografika ECDC[\/caption]\r\n\r\nI kdy\u017e je nutno uznat, \u017ee nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pod\u00edl lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed se necht\u011bj\u00ed nechat o\u010dkovat, \u017eije pr\u00e1v\u011b ve v\u00fdchodn\u00edch \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1tech EU.\r\n\r\nD\u016fvodem nen\u00ed jen to, \u017ee na v\u00fdchod\u011b Evropy m\u00e1 Rusko v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed informa\u010dn\u00ed vliv. \u00da\u0159ady t\u011bchto st\u00e1t\u016f nez\u0159\u00eddka t\u00e9to propagand\u011b nev\u011bdomky nahr\u00e1valy. V\u00fdrazn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem je Polsko, kde se politici dopou\u0161t\u011bli stejn\u00fdch chyb jako jejich ukrajin\u0161t\u00ed kolegov\u00e9.\r\n\r\nAktu\u00e1ln\u011b plat\u00ed, \u017ee Ukrajina je v\u00a0proo\u010dkovanosti na p\u0159edposledn\u00edm m\u00edst\u011b v\u00a0Evrop\u011b (zaost\u00e1v\u00e1 za n\u00ed jen Arm\u00e9nie).\r\n\r\nNejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u0161ak je, \u017ee velk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st Ukrajinc\u016f prohla\u0161uje, \u017ee nem\u00e1 v\u00a0\u00famyslu se nechat o\u010dkovat. V\u00a0\u0159\u00edjnu se takov\u00fdch na\u0161lo 43\u00a0%. M\u016f\u017eeme sice mluvit o\u00a0v\u00fdrazn\u00e9m pokroku oproti 55\u00a0% z\u00a0leto\u0161n\u00edho l\u00e9ta, k\u00a0evropsk\u00e9mu pr\u016fm\u011bru m\u00e1 v\u0161ak Ukrajina st\u00e1le na m\u00edle daleko.\r\n\r\nVe snaze pochopit, co by mohlo p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit Ukrajince k\u00a0n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv\u011b o\u010dkovac\u00edch m\u00edst, jsme zkoumali zku\u0161enosti z\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edch evropsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed, a to jak ty \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9, tak naopak.\r\n<h2>Polsko: kdy\u017e boj o\u00a0preference pom\u00e1h\u00e1 epidemii<\/h2>\r\nV\u00a0Polsku je v\u00a0sou\u010dasnosti pln\u011b proo\u010dkov\u00e1no n\u011bco p\u0159es 52\u00a0%\u00a0obyvatel. Oproti Ukrajin\u011b jde sice st\u00e1le o\u00a0\u00factyhodn\u00fd po\u010det, p\u0159esto v\u00a0r\u00e1mci EU jsou Pol\u00e1ci teprve na 23.\u00a0m\u00edst\u011b.\r\n\r\nCo\u017e nen\u00ed pro z\u00e1padn\u00ed sousedy Ukrajiny jedin\u00fd probl\u00e9m.\r\n\r\n\u201e\u00da\u0159ady jsou v\u00a0bezv\u00fdchodn\u00e9 situaci. Hned od za\u010d\u00e1tku kampan\u011b se dopustily \u0159ady z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdch chyb. Dnes m\u00e1m pocit, \u017ee u\u017e nemaj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 n\u00e1pady, jak tento stav napravit\u201c, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Pawe\u0142 Reszka, vedouc\u00ed odd\u011blen\u00ed polsk\u00e9ho \u010dasopisu Polityka zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9ho na zdravotnictv\u00ed.\r\n\r\nZe za\u010d\u00e1tku sice proo\u010dkovanost stoupala strm\u011b vzh\u016fru, \u010dasem se v\u0161ak kampa\u0148 zasekla a del\u0161\u00ed dobu setrv\u00e1vala kolem 40\u201350\u00a0%.\r\n<h3>Jednou z p\u0159\u00ed\u010din je populismus polsk\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy.<\/h3>\r\nJi\u017e v\u00a0r\u00e1mci prezidentsk\u00e9 kampan\u011b 2020 si \u00fa\u0159aduj\u00edc\u00ed hlava st\u00e1tu Andrzej Duda pohr\u00e1vala s\u00a0voli\u010di dvojsmysln\u00fdmi vzkazy ohledn\u011b o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed.\r\n\r\n\u201ePokud jde o\u00a0vakc\u00ednu, nejsem v\u016fbec zast\u00e1ncem jak\u00e9hokoli povinn\u00e9ho o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed\u2026 Jako d\u00edt\u011b a pozd\u011bji jako dorostenec jsem sice nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed podstoupil, proti ch\u0159ipce jsem se v\u0161ak nikdy o\u010dkovat nenechal ani to nem\u00e1m v\u00a0\u00famyslu\u201c, \u0159ekl prezident.\r\n\r\nPawe\u0142 Reszka je p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den, \u017ee jistou roli to p\u0159ece jen sehr\u00e1lo. Odp\u016frci o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed onen prezidentsk\u00fd v\u00fdrok dodnes vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed jako argument, pro\u010d se o\u010dkovat nenechaj\u00ed. \u201eS\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee vl\u00e1dnouc\u00ed strana PiS (Pr\u00e1vo a spravedlnost) m\u00e1 dnes skupinu poslanc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou zjevn\u011b proti sou\u010dasn\u00fdm covidov\u00fdm omezen\u00edm\u201c, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Reszka.\r\n\r\nPopulisty ve vl\u00e1d\u011b p\u0159i\u017eivuje, \u017ee voli\u010di PiS jsou z\u00a0velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti neo\u010dkovan\u00ed. Proto se vl\u00e1dnouc\u00ed politick\u00e1 s\u00edla v\u00a0Polsku sna\u017e\u00ed sv\u00e9 voli\u010de nena\u0161tvat. Tak\u017ee i kdy\u017e se v\u00a0zemi n\u011bjak\u00fd lockdown vyhl\u00e1s\u00ed, pro o\u010dkovan\u00e9 se \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 v\u00fdjimky ned\u011blaj\u00ed. \u201eKdyby toti\u017e zak\u00e1zali neo\u010dkovan\u00fdm l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016fm chodit do pr\u00e1ce nebo nepou\u0161t\u011bli neo\u010dkovan\u00e9 do restaurac\u00ed, dopadlo by to p\u0159\u00edmo na jejich voli\u010de\u201c, je p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den expert.\r\n\r\nTo vedlo ke vzniku bludn\u00e9ho kruhu: t\u00edm, \u017ee o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed nem\u00e1 vliv na svobodu pohybu, se sni\u017euje popt\u00e1vka po imunizaci.\r\n\r\nReszka z\u00e1rove\u0148 nepova\u017euje polskou vl\u00e1du za antivaxerskou. Jde sp\u00ed\u0161 o\u00a0chyby ve veden\u00ed kampan\u011b.\r\n<h2>D\u00e1nsko: prvn\u00ed v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed nad pandemi\u00ed<\/h2>\r\nNajdeme v\u00a0Evrop\u011b i kladn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edklady. Jedn\u00edm z\u00a0nich je D\u00e1nsko, kter\u00e9 se stalo prvn\u00edm st\u00e1tem, je\u017e zru\u0161il covidov\u00e1 omezen\u00ed. A to \u00fapln\u011b beze zbytku.\r\n\r\nCo\u017e bylo umo\u017en\u011bno ve chv\u00edli, kdy pod\u00edl proo\u010dkovan\u00fdch obyvatel p\u0159ekro\u010dil 70\u00a0% (dnes je jich 75,1\u00a0%, a po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1me-li pouze dosp\u011bl\u00e9, z\u00edsk\u00e1me pro n\u00e1s neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u00fdch 88\u00a0%).\r\n\r\nJak se to D\u00e1n\u016fm poda\u0159ilo?\r\n\r\nO\u00a0odpov\u011b\u010f jsme po\u017e\u00e1dali d\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho politologa Michaela Beng Petersena. Je \u010dlenem t\u00fdmu HOPE, projektu d\u00e1nsk\u00fdch expert\u016f zkoumaj\u00edc\u00edho, jak si sv\u011btov\u00e9 demokracie porad\u00ed s\u00a0pandemi\u00ed.\r\n\r\n<em>\u201eCelou kampa\u0148 doprov\u00e1zely st\u00e1tn\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00ed slu\u017eby. Ka\u017ed\u00fd D\u00e1n, kter\u00fd byl na \u0159ad\u011b s\u00a0o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00edm, obdr\u017eel zpr\u00e1vu s\u00a0p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdmi pokyny\u201c<\/em>, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Petersen.\r\n<h3>Z\u00e1sadn\u00edho v\u00fdznamu nabyla kvalita komunikace \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f s\u00a0obyvatelstvem.<\/h3>\r\nPodle politologa ji\u017e v\u00a0b\u0159eznu a\u017e dubnu dok\u00e1zaly \u00fa\u0159ady zem\u011b nav\u00e1zat dialog s\u00a0ob\u010dany, tud\u00ed\u017e i z\u00edskat jejich d\u016fv\u011bru k\u00a0boji proti pandemii, kter\u00e1 je v\u00fdrazn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e v\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch dal\u0161\u00edch zem\u00edch.\r\n\r\nCo to znamen\u00e1?\r\n\r\nHned od prvn\u00edch dn\u016f pandemie d\u00e1nsk\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159ady <strong>ve\u0159ejn\u011b diskutovaly jak o\u00a0kladech, tak o\u00a0z\u00e1porech vakc\u00edn<\/strong>. A to v\u010detn\u011b jejich vedlej\u0161\u00edch \u00fa\u010dink\u016f \u010di n\u00edzk\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinnosti. To pomohlo udr\u017eet d\u016fv\u011bru v\u016f\u010di zdravotnictv\u00ed.\r\n\r\nNikoli m\u00e9n\u011b v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm faktorem v\u0161ak byl celkov\u00fd stupe\u0148 d\u016fv\u011bry ke zdravotnick\u00fdm instituc\u00edm. \u201eKdy\u017e je pod\u00edl t\u011bch, kdo zdravotnick\u00e9mu syst\u00e9mu sv\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu d\u016fv\u011b\u0159uje, velk\u00fd, vid\u00edme tak\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ochotu k\u00a0o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed. Tato d\u016fv\u011bra je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1\u201c, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Petersen.\r\n\r\nMimochodem dom\u00e1c\u00edmu zdravotnick\u00e9mu syst\u00e9mu d\u016fv\u011b\u0159uje 79\u00a0% D\u00e1n\u016f (mezi Ukrajinci \u010dinila tato hodnota v\u00a0roce 2020 pouh\u00fdch 33\u00a0% a jen st\u011b\u017e\u00ed se zv\u00fd\u0161ila za dobu pandemie).\r\n\r\nZaj\u00edmav\u00e9 je, \u017ee v\u00a0letech 2020 a\u017e 2021 nedok\u00e1zal \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd ze st\u00e1t\u016f, je\u017e expert zkoumal, zv\u00fd\u0161it d\u016fv\u011bru v\u016f\u010di sv\u00fdm zdravotnick\u00fdm instituc\u00edm. Jedinou v\u00fdjimku podle n\u011bj tvo\u0159ily USA, kde byl podn\u011btem ke zm\u011bn\u00e1m p\u0159\u00edchod Bidenovy administrativy.\r\n<h2>Francouzsk\u00fd recept, jak \u010delit tzv. antivaxer\u016fm<\/h2>\r\nJe dob\u0159e, kdy\u017e st\u00e1tn\u00ed instituce maj\u00ed v\u00a0zemi tradi\u010dn\u011b vysokou d\u016fv\u011bru. Co v\u0161ak maj\u00ed d\u011blat ti ostatn\u00ed?\r\n\r\n\u0158e\u010d nen\u00ed zdaleka jen o\u00a0Ukrajin\u011b.\r\n\r\nDal\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edkladem je Francie, kde letos v\u00a0l\u00e9t\u011b po dal\u0161\u00edm avizovan\u00e9m lockdownu zes\u00edlily protestn\u00ed n\u00e1lady. Zde mimochodem tak\u00e9 aktivn\u011b p\u016fsobila rusk\u00e1 protio\u010dkovac\u00ed propaganda, kter\u00e1 podkop\u00e1vala d\u016fv\u011bru k\u00a0vakcinaci. Informovala o\u00a0tom sv\u011btov\u00e1 m\u00e9dia <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/blogs-trending-57928647\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">v\u010detn\u011b BBC<\/a> nebo <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rferl.org\/a\/russia-pfizer-covid-disinformation-serebryanskaya-murky-vaccine-influencers\/31277170.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R\u00e1dia Svoboda<\/a>.\r\n\r\nAni zde v\u0161ak podle \u010d\u00e1sti expert\u016f nebyl rusk\u00fd vliv hlavn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou probl\u00e9m\u016f.\r\n\r\nMichael Beng Petersen pova\u017euje situaci ve Francii za odstra\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edklad, co v\u0161echno mohou zp\u016fsobit tvrd\u00e1 omezen\u00ed. Lockdowny ve Francii byly podle n\u011bj p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 tvrd\u00e9, co\u017e zp\u016fsobilo \u00fanavu obyvatel z\u00a0t\u011bchto omezen\u00ed.\r\n\r\nJin\u00fd n\u00e1zor m\u00e1 vedouc\u00ed programu zdravotnick\u00e9 politiky Institutu Montaigne Laure Milletov\u00e1: \u201eV\u00a0dob\u011b minul\u00fdch karant\u00e9nn\u00edch omezen\u00ed k\u00a0\u017e\u00e1dn\u00fdm protestn\u00edm hnut\u00edm nedoch\u00e1zelo. Lid\u00e9 ch\u00e1pali situaci a z\u016fst\u00e1vali doma. I teprve dnes, kdy\u017e jsme zp\u0159\u00edstupnili restaurace o\u010dkovan\u00fdm, vznikla protestn\u00ed hnut\u00ed\u201c, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1.\r\n\r\nK\u00a0dne\u0161n\u00edmu dni je 74\u00a0%\u00a0obyvatel Francie oo\u010dkov\u00e1no dv\u011bma d\u00e1vkami.\r\n\r\nZe za\u010d\u00e1tku se Francouzi nech\u00e1vali o\u010dkovat docela ochotn\u011b, v\u00a0l\u00e9t\u011b v\u0161ak o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed zpomalilo.\r\n\r\nV\u00a0\u010dervnu tedy prezident Macron avizoval zaveden\u00ed tzv. zdravotn\u00edch pr\u016fkaz\u016f s\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee od srpna mohou nav\u0161t\u011bvovat restaurace, muzea apod. pouze o\u010dkovan\u00ed, pop\u0159. ti, kdo p\u0159edlo\u017e\u00ed \u010derstv\u00fd PCR test nebo potvrzen\u00ed o\u00a0prod\u011blan\u00e9m koronaviru v\u00a0posledn\u00edch \u0161esti m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch.\r\n<h3>Po zaveden\u00ed tzv. zdravotn\u00edch pr\u016fkaz\u016f rychlost o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed rapidn\u011b vzrostla.<\/h3>\r\nPokud jde o protesty, pak podle Milletov\u00e9 po\u010det nespokojen\u00fdch s tzv. zdravotn\u00edmi pr\u016fkazy v\u00fdrazn\u011b kles\u00e1. Zat\u00edmco v srpnu bylo v cel\u00e9 zemi dohromady a\u017e 240.000 demonstrant\u016f, posledn\u00ed v\u00edkend jich bylo jen cca 25.000.\r\n\r\nHlavn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou protest\u016f je podle n\u00ed skute\u010dnost, \u017ee se mnoha Francouz\u016fm povinn\u00e9 o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed prost\u011b nel\u00edb\u00ed. Na 20\u00a0%\u00a0ob\u010dan\u016f tohoto st\u00e1tu se nechce nechat o\u010dkovat a p\u0159eje si ponechat svobodu z\u016fstat neo\u010dkov\u00e1ni.\r\n\r\nCo s\u00a0t\u00edm? Stejn\u011b jako d\u00e1nsk\u00fd expert je i Milletov\u00e1 p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dena, \u017ee hlavn\u00ed d\u016fraz je nutno kl\u00e1st na komunikaci s\u00a0obyvatelstvem.\r\n\r\n\u201eNa\u0161e informa\u010dn\u00ed kampa\u0148 \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b vysv\u011btluje fungov\u00e1n\u00ed vakc\u00edn a v\u011bdeck\u00e9 \u00fadaje o\u00a0pandemii celkov\u011b. Vl\u00e1da v\u0161ak samoz\u0159ejm\u011b m\u00e1 ud\u011blat v\u00edc, aby zamezila \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed dezinformac\u00ed\u201c, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 expertka.\r\n<h2>Co to znamen\u00e1 pro Ukrajinu?<\/h2>\r\nCo tedy nen\u00ed v\u00a0po\u0159\u00e1dku s\u00a0o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00edm proti covidu v\u00a0Ukrajin\u011b?\r\n\r\nOsloven\u00ed experti \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed, \u017ee prost\u00e9 p\u0159eb\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed zku\u0161enost\u00ed nen\u00ed nejlep\u0161\u00edm n\u00e1padem, proto\u017ee situace v\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdch st\u00e1tech se li\u0161\u00ed.\r\n\r\n\u201eJsou tu t\u0159eba zem\u011b, jim\u017e se poda\u0159ilo dos\u00e1hnout v\u00a0o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed zna\u010dn\u00fdch \u00fasp\u011bch\u016f, ani\u017e by musely zav\u00e1d\u011bt listiny obdobn\u00e9 francouzsk\u00fdm tzv. zdravotn\u00edm pr\u016fkaz\u016fm\u201c, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Laure Milletov\u00e1.\r\n\r\nI tato v\u0161ak shodn\u011b se z\u00e1stupci jin\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na r\u00e1zn\u00e9m spole\u010dn\u00e9m postupu politik\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed sv\u00e9 sympatizanty k\u00a0o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit.\r\n\r\n\u201eCo lze poradit, je spojen\u00ed politick\u00fdch elit. N\u011bkdy mus\u00ed politici ob\u011btovat hlasy v\u00a0p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch volb\u00e1ch a dos\u00e1hnout kompromisu, n\u00e1sledn\u011b j\u00edt p\u0159ed lidi a komunikovat, pro\u010d je schv\u00e1len\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 a pro\u010d bychom ho m\u011bli v\u0161ichni spole\u010dn\u011b dodr\u017eovat\u201c, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Michael Beng Petersen.\r\n\r\n\u201eZcela jist\u011b pot\u0159ebujete l\u00e9pe pochopit, pro\u010d se lid\u00e9 necht\u011bj\u00ed nechat o\u010dkovat. Jsou skepti\u010dt\u00ed, proto\u017ee nech\u00e1pou, jak to funguje, nebo jsou tu i n\u011bjak\u00e9 jin\u00e9 faktory?\r\n\r\nTakto lze identifikovat probl\u00e9my, nap\u0159. s\u00a0komunikac\u00ed nebo dostupnost\u00ed vakc\u00edny, a pak pracovat u\u017e na konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch probl\u00e9mech. P\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit antivaxery je bohu\u017eel velmi t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9, ve skute\u010dnosti v\u0161ak existuje spousta lid\u00ed, jim\u017e sta\u010d\u00ed jen vysv\u011btlit, jak vakc\u00edny funguj\u00ed\u201c, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Laure Milletov\u00e1.\r\n\r\n<hr \/>\r\n\r\n<em>autor: Danylo Karpa, novin\u00e1\u0159\r\nzdroj: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eurointegration.com.ua\/articles\/2021\/11\/5\/7129907\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ukrajinsk\u00e1 pravda<\/a>, 5. listopadu 2021\r\np\u0159eklad: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/scyhol\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Svatoslav \u0160\u010dyhol<\/a><\/em>","amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9489","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/78"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9489"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9489\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9491,"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9489\/revisions\/9491"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9490"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9489"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9489"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9489"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}