{"id":9502,"date":"2021-11-06T15:30:53","date_gmt":"2021-11-06T15:30:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/?p=9502"},"modified":"2021-11-09T15:39:57","modified_gmt":"2021-11-09T15:39:57","slug":"car-zverejnilo-studii-k-ruskym-zbranim-na-donbase","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/cz\/car-zverejnilo-studii-k-ruskym-zbranim-na-donbase\/","title":{"rendered":"CAR zve\u0159ejnilo studii k rusk\u00fdm zbran\u00edm na Donbase"},"content":{"rendered":"

V\u00fdzkumn\u00e1 organizace Centrum pro zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed ozbrojen\u00fdch konflikt\u016f (Conflict Armament Research, CAR) zve\u0159ejnilo studii<\/a> k\u00a0p\u016fvodu zbran\u00ed a munice, kter\u00e9 se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v\u00a0boj\u00edch na v\u00fdchod\u011b Ukrajiny. Tato studie byla zpracov\u00e1na s\u00a0podporou Evropsk\u00e9 unie a n\u011bmeck\u00e9 spolkov\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy. Uv\u00e1d\u00ed se, \u017ee zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed trvalo 3\u00a0roky.<\/p>\n

Vyd\u00e1n\u00ed The New York Times tuto studii ozna\u010dilo<\/a> za \u201ejednu z\u00a0nejrozs\u00e1hlej\u0161\u00edch, kter\u00e1 poskytuje podrobn\u00fd obr\u00e1zek neleg\u00e1ln\u00edch p\u0159esun\u016f zbran\u00ed v\u00a0Ukrajin\u011b a ilustruje rozsah obchodu se zbran\u011bmi <\/strong>p\u0159i\u017eivuj\u00edc\u00edho jedinou aktivn\u00ed v\u00e1lku v\u00a0Evrop\u011b<\/em>\u201c.<\/p>\n

O\u00a0\u010dem se p\u00ed\u0161e ve zpr\u00e1v\u011b od Conflict Armament Research<\/h2>\n

\u017d\u00e1dn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti studie CAR se nesm\u00ed reprodukovat bez p\u00edsemn\u00e9ho souhlasu autor\u016f, proto uv\u00e1d\u00edme p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd odkaz na ni v\u00a0prvn\u00edm odstavci a nebudeme podrobn\u011b rozeb\u00edrat screenshoty z\u00a0t\u00e9to zpr\u00e1vy. Pouze uvedeme, \u017ee p\u0159edm\u011btn\u00e1 studie z\u00a0v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti vych\u00e1z\u00ed z\u00a0anal\u00fdzy p\u016fvodu paln\u00fdch zbran\u00ed a munice, kter\u00e9 byly zaji\u0161t\u011bny v\u00a0boj\u00edch na v\u00fdchod\u011b Ukrajiny. T\u011b\u017ek\u00fdm zbran\u00edm a modern\u00edm typ\u016fm rusk\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 techniky se zpr\u00e1va v\u011bnuje jen velmi m\u00e1lo.<\/p>\n

I kdy\u017e podle investigativc\u016f od mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed komunity InformNapalm pr\u00e1v\u011b p\u0159\u00edpady zaznamenan\u00fdch t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdch zbran\u00ed umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed tvrdit, \u017ee se dod\u00e1vaj\u00ed na v\u00fdslovn\u00fd pokyn nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edho vojenskopolitick\u00e9ho veden\u00ed Rusk\u00e9 federace, zat\u00edmco dod\u00e1vky paln\u00fdch zbran\u00ed lze mnohem sn\u00e1ze vysv\u011btlit pa\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00edm, tzn. pr\u00e1v\u011b on\u00edm \u201eobchodem se zbran\u011bmi<\/em>\u201c, o\u00a0n\u011bm\u017e p\u00ed\u0161e The New York Times, nebo \u201earmyshopem<\/em>\u201c \u010di \u201en\u00e1lezy v\u00a0donbask\u00fdch dolech<\/em>\u201c, na ne\u017e se ji\u017e dlouh\u00e1 l\u00e9ta odvol\u00e1v\u00e1 rusk\u00e1 propaganda a ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1stupci RF.<\/p>\n

Takto polovi\u010dat\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup k\u00a0problematice rusk\u00e9 agrese proti Ukrajin\u011b zcela jist\u011b otev\u00edr\u00e1 Kremlu \u0161irok\u00fd prostor k\u00a0manipulac\u00edm. Zejm\u00e9na umo\u017e\u0148uje RF pokra\u010dovat v\u00a0r\u00e9torice a narativech o\u00a0\u201evnitrost\u00e1tn\u00edm ob\u010dansk\u00e9m konfliktu v\u00a0Ukrajin\u011b<\/em>\u201c na vysok\u00e9 diplomatick\u00e9 \u00farovni.<\/p>\n

Politick\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy CAR<\/h2>\n

Zn\u00e1m\u00e1 nez\u00e1visl\u00e1 politick\u00e1 koment\u00e1torka Ariana Gic tuto analytickou zpr\u00e1vu okomentovala takto: \u201eJe skv\u011bl\u00e9, \u017ee byla zpracov\u00e1na studie, kter\u00e1 si kladla za c\u00edl dolo\u017eit, \u017ee pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 proti Ukrajin\u011b zbran\u011b a munice poch\u00e1zej\u00ed z\u00a0Ruska. Tato zpr\u00e1va v\u0161ak vych\u00e1z\u00ed z\u00a0propagandistick\u00e9 premisy Rusk\u00e9 federace o\u00a0\u201eseparatistick\u00e9m konfliktu\u201c v\u00a0Ukrajin\u011b, nikoli z\u00a0pravdy o\u00a0rusk\u00e9 neleg\u00e1ln\u00ed ozbrojen\u00e9 agresi<\/em>\u201c.<\/p>\n

\n

Wonderful that research has been done to expose that arms & ammunition used against Ukraine come from Russia. But the report starts from the RU propaganda premise of \u201cseparatist conflict\u201d in Ukraine, rather than truth of unlawful armed Russian aggression. https:\/\/t.co\/gfaNTwJiY1<\/a><\/p>\n

\u2014 ArianaGic\/\u0410\u0440\u0456\u044f\u043d\u0430\u0490\u0456\u0446\u044c (@GicAriana) November 4, 2021<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Je jasn\u00e9, \u017ee se badatel\u00e9 od CAR v\u011bt\u0161inou op\u00edrali o\u00a0typy zbran\u00ed a techniky, kter\u00e9 mohli sami p\u0159\u00edmo prozkoumat a popsat, proto bylo spektrum jejich zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdrazn\u011b omezeno pouze na v\u00e1le\u010dnou ko\u0159ist. Kladen\u00e9 ve zpr\u00e1v\u011b politick\u00e9 d\u016frazy by v\u0161ak m\u011bly tak\u00e9 podtrhovat skute\u010dnost, \u017ee Rusko nen\u00ed jen zem\u00ed p\u016fvodu popsan\u00fdch kus\u016f zbran\u00ed, nejen sponzoruje a p\u0159i\u017eivuje konflikt na Donbase, ale je tak\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdm benefici\u00e1\u0159em t\u00e9to v\u00e1lky, p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdm agresorem a okupantem.<\/p>\n

N\u00e1boje, zbran\u011b a vojensk\u00e1 technika<\/h2>\n

Na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch zpr\u00e1vy CAR se z\u00e1rove\u0148 na\u0161lo m\u00edsto i pro jedno OSINT vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed od mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed dobrovolnick\u00e9 komunity InformNapalm k\u00a0v\u00fdrobk\u016fm Luhansk\u00e9 tov\u00e1rny na n\u00e1boje<\/a>. Je dost zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed, \u017ee badatel\u00e9 od CAR v\u011bnovali pozornost pouze tomuto p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku k\u00a0munici a p\u0159ehl\u00e9dli des\u00edtky dal\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch OSINT vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed od InformNapalmu s\u00a0podrobn\u011b popsan\u00fdmi fakty, kdy byly zaznamen\u00e1ny t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 rusk\u00e9 zbran\u011b a technika. Nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u0161ak je, \u017ee tuto techniku p\u0159\u00edmo \u0159\u00eddili a zbran\u011b proti Ukrajin\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvali ru\u0161t\u00ed voj\u00e1ci z\u00a0povol\u00e1n\u00ed. Nev\u0161imnout si t\u011bchto fakt\u016f bylo dost t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 vzhledem k\u00a0tomu, \u017ee v\u00a0anglick\u00e9 a dal\u0161\u00edch jazykov\u00fdch mutac\u00edch na\u0161eho webu je k\u00a0vid\u011bn\u00ed velk\u00fd banner s\u00a0n\u00e1pisem Database of Russian Aggression<\/strong> odkazuj\u00edc\u00ed na datab\u00e1zi fakt\u016f rusk\u00e9 agrese<\/a>, kter\u00fd p\u0159i zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edho obsahu webu nelze p\u0159ehl\u00e9dnout.<\/p>\n

Form\u00e1t tohoto \u010dl\u00e1nku nepo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 s\u00a0rozs\u00e1hlej\u0161\u00edm popisem na\u0161ich vlastn\u00edch vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed, proto\u017ee t\u00e9matem publikace je zpr\u00e1va o\u00a0\u010dinnosti z\u00e1padn\u00edch koleg\u016f. Jako p\u0159\u00edklad v\u0161ak uve\u010fme n\u011bkolik zaj\u00edmav\u00fdch skute\u010dnost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 by mohly zpr\u00e1vu badatel\u016f od Conflict Armanent Research v\u00fdrazn\u011b pos\u00edlit a z\u00fa\u017eit prostor pro rusk\u00e9 manipulace o\u00a0\u00fadajn\u00e9m \u201evnitrost\u00e1tn\u00edm konfliktu<\/em>\u201c.<\/p>\n

Paln\u00e9 zbran\u011b<\/h2>\n

Ze shora popsan\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f se dobrovoln\u00edci z\u00a0InformNapalmu pr\u00e1v\u011b paln\u00fdmi zbran\u011bmi a n\u00e1boj\u016fm k\u00a0nim bl\u00ed\u017ee nezab\u00fdvali, proto\u017ee jejich p\u016fvod si m\u016f\u017eeme mnohem sn\u00e1ze p\u0159edstavit jako pa\u0161er\u00e1ctv\u00ed, i kdy\u017e z\u00a0vojensk\u00fdch sklad\u016f Ozbrojen\u00fdch sil RF, ale p\u0159ece jen pa\u0161er\u00e1ctv\u00ed, za n\u011bj\u017e lze zodpov\u011bdnost velmi snadno hodit na jednotliv\u00e9 funkcion\u00e1\u0159e rusk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy na ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed \u00farovni.<\/p>\n

Nicm\u00e9n\u011b se v\u00a0na\u0161ich studi\u00edch ob\u010das p\u0159ece jen vyskytovala fakta i ke kus\u016fm paln\u00fdch zbran\u00ed, kter\u00e1 by mohla badatele od CAR v\u00a0r\u00e1mci jejich zpr\u00e1vy zaujmout. Na na\u0161ich publikac\u00edch v\u0161ak nen\u00ed nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, z\u00a0jak\u00fdch sklad\u016f tyto rusk\u00e9 zbran\u011b poch\u00e1zej\u00ed, ale kdo je dr\u017e\u00ed a kdo konkr\u00e9tn\u011b s\u00a0nimi v\u00e1l\u010di proti Ukrajin\u011b.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Na fotce jsou rusk\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 roty odst\u0159elova\u010d\u016f z\u00a0povol\u00e1n\u00ed od 19.\u00a0samostatn\u00e9 motost\u0159eleck\u00e9 brig\u00e1dy Ozbrojen\u00fdch sil RF (vojensk\u00fd \u00fatvar \u010d.\u00a020634). V\u00a0pop\u0159ed\u00ed je rusk\u00fd voj\u00e1k Artur Kubajev s\u00a0odst\u0159elova\u010dskou pu\u0161kou SVDS. OSINT vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed od InformNapalmu uk\u00e1zala, \u017ee se odst\u0159elova\u010dsk\u00e9 skupiny od 19.\u00a0samostatn\u00e9 motost\u0159eleck\u00e9 brig\u00e1dy rusk\u00fdch Ozbrojen\u00fdch sil st\u0159\u00eddav\u011b z\u00fa\u010dastnily boj\u016f na ukrajinsk\u00e9m Donbase. V\u00a0roce 2015 dobrovoln\u00edci usv\u011bd\u010dili celou skupinu odst\u0159elova\u010d\u016f z\u00a019.\u00a0samostatn\u00e9 motost\u0159eleck\u00e9 brig\u00e1dy Ozbrojen\u00fdch sil RF, kte\u0159\u00ed byli vysl\u00e1ni k\u00a0banditsk\u00e9 formaci Somali, v\u00a0jej\u00edm\u017e r\u00e1mci se maskovali za \u201edobrovoln\u00edky\u201c a z\u00fa\u010dastnili se boj\u016f o\u00a0leti\u0161t\u011b Don\u011bck. Osobn\u00ed \u00fadaje t\u011bchto voj\u00e1k\u016f byly zji\u0161t\u011bny<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u010ct\u011bte tak\u00e9: Nov\u00e9 d\u016fkazy dod\u00e1vek rusk\u00fdch odst\u0159elova\u010dsk\u00fdch zbran\u00ed na Donbas<\/a> (Fotofakt, <\/em>anglicky)<\/em><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Na fotce je p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edk 3.\u00a0zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed brig\u00e1dy GRU RF Kirill Krivko, kter\u00fd se 28.\u00a0ledna 2015 nechal vyfotit s\u00a0rusk\u00fdm bezhlu\u010dn\u00fdm samopalem AS Val. Fotku doprov\u00e1zel koment\u00e1\u0159: \u201eP\u0159ed \u00fatokem na v\u00fd\u0161inu\u2026 po 2\u00a0hodin\u00e1ch. Jsem 300.<\/em>\u201c (\u201e300.\u201c znamen\u00e1 zran\u011bn\u00fd\u00a0\u2013 pozn. red.). Tento rusk\u00fd p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edk zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed jednotky byl zran\u011bn v\u00a015:30\u00a0hod p\u0159i dob\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161iny 307,9\u00a0u\u00a0obce San\u017earivka v\u00a0ukrajinsk\u00e9 Don\u011bck\u00e9 oblasti. Podrobnosti studie<\/a> (rusky)<\/em>.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Na fotce najdeme \u0159adu dopl\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edch fotod\u016fkaz\u016f, kter\u00e9 potvrzuj\u00ed \u00fadaje, \u017ee se prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm rusk\u00fdch tzv. \u201ehumanit\u00e1rn\u00edch konvoj\u016f\u201c na Donbas dopravovalo v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch zbran\u00ed a munice, kter\u00e9 studie specifikuje<\/a>.<\/p>\n

T\u011b\u017ek\u00e1 technika RF<\/h2>\n

Na v\u00fdchod\u011b Ukrajiny byly v\u0161ak opakovan\u011b zaznamen\u00e1ny i kusy t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 techniky Ozbrojen\u00fdch sil RF i s\u00a0rusk\u00fdmi voj\u00e1ky z\u00a0povol\u00e1n\u00ed, jejich\u017e v\u00fdskyt se ji\u017e \u201eobchodem se zbran\u011bmi<\/em>\u201c vysv\u011btlit ned\u00e1. Tato fakta ukazuj\u00ed na p\u0159\u00edmou a bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dast Rusk\u00e9 federace ve v\u00e1lce a agresi proti Ukrajin\u011b.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Na fotce jsou proru\u0161t\u00ed ozbrojenci p\u0159ed dv\u011bma zni\u010den\u00fdmi rusk\u00fdmi tanky T-72B v\u00a0proveden\u00ed z\u00a0roku 1989, kter\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161\u00ed k\u00a05.\u00a0samostatn\u00e9 tankov\u00e9 brig\u00e1d\u011b Ozbrojen\u00fdch sil RF (vojensk\u00fd \u00fatvar \u010d.\u00a046108). Tyto tanky byly zlikvidov\u00e1ny v\u00a0boj\u00edch u\u00a0osady Lohvynove, kter\u00e1 m\u011bla kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd v\u00fdznam v\u00a0boj\u00edch o\u00a0Debalceve. P\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nost tank\u016f identifikovala studie<\/a> od InformNapalmu. Informace o\u00a0ztr\u00e1t\u011b rusk\u00fdch tank\u016f T-72B byla d\u00e1le potvrzena v\u00a0rozhovoru s\u00a0tankistou od 5.\u00a0samostatn\u00e9 tankov\u00e9 brig\u00e1dy Dor\u017eim Batomunkujevem, kter\u00fd shora jmenovan\u00fd poskytl pro rusk\u00e9 vyd\u00e1n\u00ed Novaja Gazeta 2.\u00a0b\u0159ezna 2015.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Mezi v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 ilustrace rusk\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 invaze na Donbase pat\u0159\u00ed fotky, kter\u00e9 OSINT vy\u0161et\u0159ovatel\u00e9 od InformNapalmu na\u0161li<\/a> na profilu rusk\u00e9ho voj\u00e1ka Vitalije Marakasova v\u00a0\u0159\u00edjnu 2014. Do z\u00e1b\u011bru se dostal cel\u00fd konvoj rusk\u00fdch tank\u016f T-90A od 136.\u00a0samostatn\u00e9 motost\u0159eleck\u00e9 brig\u00e1dy<\/a> (vojensk\u00fd \u00fatvar \u010d.\u00a063354) Ozbrojen\u00fdch sil RF, kter\u00fd jel po nezpevn\u011bn\u00e9 cest\u011b v\u00a0katastru obce Fabry\u010dne bl\u00edzko leti\u0161t\u011b Luhansk. Tato fotka se tak\u00e9 dostala na obal ti\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edru\u010dky Donbas v\u00a0plamenech<\/a>, kterou zpracovalo V\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 centrum bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed Prometheus.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Na tuto fotku z\u00a0Donbasu z\u00a0roku 2016 se dostal rusk\u00fd reaktivn\u00ed raketomet 2B26 Grad na podvozku KamAZu (s\u00a0pohonem 6X6). Do v\u00fdzbroje rusk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy se tyto stroje za\u010daly dod\u00e1vat teprve v\u00a0roce 2012. Podrobn\u011bji viz vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a>.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Modern\u00ed rusk\u00fd komplet radioelektronick\u00e9ho boje RB-341V Leer-3. Komplet obsahuje \u0159\u00eddic\u00ed vozidlo na podvozku KamAZu-5350 a bezpilotn\u00ed letoun typu Orlan-10. Byl opakovan\u011b zaznamen\u00e1n<\/a> na okupovan\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed v\u00a0Don\u011bck\u00e9 a Luhansk\u00e9 oblasti.<\/p>\n

Je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce kus\u016f rusk\u00e9 techniky, kter\u00e1 byla zaznamen\u00e1na v\u00a0boj\u00edch na Donbase, najdete v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9 sekci datab\u00e1ze OSINT vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed od InformNapalmu. N\u011bkter\u00e9 z\u00a0kus\u016f uveden\u00fdch v\u00a0datab\u00e1zi, zejm\u00e9na rusk\u00e9 prost\u0159edky radioelektronick\u00e9ho boje, se tak\u00e9 nejednou dostaly do ofici\u00e1ln\u00edch hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed speci\u00e1ln\u00ed monitorovac\u00ed mise OBSE na Donbase a na z\u00e1b\u011bry vyfocen\u00e9 z\u00a0dron\u016f<\/a> provozovan\u00fdch touto mis\u00ed. S\u00a0ohledem na jejich ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00farove\u0148 by si tak\u00e9 zaslou\u017eily p\u0159ipojen\u00ed k\u00a0podobn\u00fdm zpr\u00e1v\u00e1m mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch badatel\u016f.<\/p>\n