Bohdan bey, siz\u00a0Avrupa’n\u0131n\u00a0ve t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyan\u0131n gelece\u011finde Ukrayna\u2019ya \u00e7ok g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir rol bi\u00e7iyorsunuz? Acaba\u00a0neden Ukrayna?<\/strong><\/p>\nNormal \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan etkili \u00fclkelerin d\u00f6rt ana \u00f6zelli\u011fi vard\u0131r: mutlak siyasi \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck; b\u00fct\u00fcn halk\u0131n belli ekonomik refah seviyesi \u2013 yani zenginler var, ama fakirler yok; sosyal adalet; y\u0131k\u0131m ve \u00e7evre kirlili\u011fi de\u011fil, biyosferle ortakya\u015farl\u0131k. Birka\u00e7 Avrupa \u00fclkesi hari\u00e7, \u00e7o\u011fu \u00fclkeler bu d\u00f6rt \u00f6zelli\u011fe sahip de\u011fildir. Ve bunlar\u0131 tedavi etmemiz laz\u0131m, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bir nevi hasta bunlar.<\/p>\n
Hasta mi? Neden?<\/strong><\/p>\nBirinci derece hasta olan demokratik \u00fclkeler. 1948 y\u0131l\u0131nda fevkalade \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Evrensel Beyannamesi imzaland\u0131. O zaman b\u00fcy\u00fck umutlar vard\u0131. Ancak o haklar\u0131 sadece baz\u0131 \u00fclkelerin h\u00fck\u00fcmetleri sa\u011flayabilmi\u015ftir. Bu y\u00fczden b\u00fcy\u00fck hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na u\u011fram\u0131\u015flar, h\u00fckumetler ele\u015ftirilmi\u015f. Devletleri y\u00f6netmek, iktidar olmak \u00e7ok daha zor olmu\u015f. En zenginler haklar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayabilir, \u00e7o\u011fu ki\u015fi ise haklar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayamaz hale gelmi\u015fler. ABD bu durumun en belirgin \u00f6rne\u011fidir. Orada 50 milyon ki\u015fi haklar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7ok fakir, kaliteli e\u011fitime ve sa\u011fl\u0131k sistemine eri\u015fimleri yoktur. Obama bunu de\u011fi\u015ftirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131, ancak yapamad\u0131.<\/p>\n
\u00dclkelerin aras\u0131nda da ayn\u0131 durum meydana geliyor. Demokratik \u00fclkeler, herkesin o haklar beyannamesini yerine getirmesi i\u00e7in s\u00fcrekli va\u0131z veriyorlar. Ancak ABD, \u00fcr\u00fcnlerini Afrika \u00fclkelerine \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek fiyattan sat\u0131yor, \u00a0onlar\u0131n \u00fcr\u00fcnlerini de \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck fiyattan al\u0131yor, b\u00f6ylece \u00fclkeler \u00e7ok fakir kal\u0131yor. Normal h\u00fckumeti olan o birka\u00e7 \u00fclke, taze su veya sa\u011fl\u0131k korumas\u0131 gibi temel ya\u015fam haklar\u0131n\u0131 bile sa\u011flayam\u0131yorlar.<\/p>\n
Peki Ukrayna, bunlar\u0131 tedavi edebilir, d\u00fcnya d\u00fczenini de\u011fi\u015ftirebilir mi?<\/strong><\/p>\nD\u00fcnya \u00f6yle bir duruma geldi ki, herkes daha az kazanmaya, daha \u00e7ok kaybetmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu y\u00fczden herkes kazans\u0131n diye yeni paradigmaya ge\u00e7memiz gerekiyor. Bu paradigma i\u00e7in iki eleman laz\u0131m: \u0130nsan Y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri Evrensel Beyannamesi (\u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc her \u015feyi sadece devlet yapmamal\u0131) ve i\u015fbirli\u011fine ge\u00e7i\u015f (\u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc sadece rekabete dayanan ili\u015fkileri kurmak olmaz).<\/p>\n
Ukrayna, o d\u00fcnyan\u0131n tedavisine nas\u0131l m\u0131 yard\u0131m edebilir? Meydanda insanlara atak yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda belli hizmetler olu\u015ftu: t\u0131bbi, dini, psikolojik, e\u011fitim vs hizmetleri. Bu hizmetler tekil insanlar taraf\u0131ndan olu\u015fturuldu. Olga Bogomolets sadece \u201cYap\u0131yorum\u201d dedi. T\u0131ptan biraz anlayan di\u011fer insanlar ona kat\u0131ld\u0131lar. Ve bu i\u015f oldu. Meydana ba\u015fka bir doktor gelip, daha iyi bir \u015fekilde tedavi etmek i\u00e7in ba\u015fka bir t\u0131bbi hizmet olu\u015fturmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Orada rekabet yoktu.<\/p>\n
\u0130lgin\u00e7tir ki, t\u00fcm bu hizmetler h\u00fck\u00fcmetin emriyle olu\u015fturulmam\u0131\u015f, yurtta\u015flar\u0131na ve \u00fclkesine duyulan \u00f6dev duygusu u\u011fruna yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca bir\u00e7ok ki\u015fi g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc olarak Antiter\u00f6r Operasyonuna kat\u0131ld\u0131. Kendi iradesiyle, hi\u00e7 bir emir olmadan, kendi hayat\u0131n\u0131 riske atarak kat\u0131ld\u0131lar.<\/p>\n
Yani bizim insanlar, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ya\u015famas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi o yeni paradigmaya g\u00f6re hareket etmeye ba\u015flad\u0131lar bile. D\u00fcnya Ukrayna\u2019ya \u00e7ok yard\u0131m ediyor. Bir taraftan yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar, di\u011fer taraftan finansal yard\u0131m. Ancak biz de bu d\u00fcnyaya yard\u0131m edebiliriz, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc o bir \u00e7\u0131kmaza girmi\u015f.<\/p>\n
Ve biz, Ukraynal\u0131lar, bu \u00e7\u0131kmazdan \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na yard\u0131m edebilir miyiz?<\/strong><\/p>\nEvet. Bence, her \u015feyimizde d\u00fcnyaya, Avrupa veya Amerika’ya yeti\u015fmemize gerek olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bilincine varmak bile \u00e7ok g\u00fczeldir. \u00a0Baz\u0131 \u015feylerde biz bu d\u00fcnyadan daha y\u00fcksekteyiz. Onlar bizi kopyalamal\u0131d\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n
Bununla birlikte, Euromaidan\u2019dan sonra biraz gev\u015feyen, \u201cyeni iktidar\u0131m\u0131z var, onlar her \u015feyi halletsinler, reform yaps\u0131nlar, biz kendi hayat\u0131m\u0131za bakal\u0131m\u201d diyen pek \u00e7ok ki\u015fi ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f…<\/strong><\/p>\nBence, bunu biraz farkl\u0131 y\u00f6nde yorumlayabiliriz. Bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler normal, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc insanlar reform yapam\u0131yorlard\u0131. B\u00fct\u00fcn Meydan reform yapamaz, sadece iktidara giden m\u00fcnferit insanlar yapabilir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda hala g\u00f6sterileri g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz, sava\u015fmaya giden askerler hala sava\u015f\u0131yor. Yani, insanlar \u00fclkelerine kay\u0131ts\u0131z kalam\u0131yor..<\/p>\n
Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na u\u011fruyoruz. K\u0131smen \u00e7ok h\u0131zl\u0131 olmak istediklerimiz i\u00e7in. K\u0131smen t\u00fcm hareketlerimiz mutlaka Anayasaya ve y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckteki mevzuata uygun olmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin d\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n bask\u0131s\u0131ndan dolay\u0131. Bu y\u00fczden h\u00fck\u00fcmet bir nevi iktidars\u0131z olup, b\u00fct\u00fcn reformlar\u0131 yapam\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
“Toplumun h\u00fck\u00fcmete ve cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131na g\u00fcvenmesi i\u00e7in \u00e7ok iyi bilgilendirilmelidir “<\/strong><\/p>\nSizce,\u00a0h\u00fckumet\u00a0nereden ba\u015flamal\u0131d\u0131r?<\/strong><\/p>\nYolsuzluktan. Farkl\u0131 yolsuzluk ara\u00e7lar\u0131 vard\u0131r. En b\u00fcy\u00fck yolsuzluk arac\u0131 da almam\u0131z gereken \u00e7ok say\u0131da ruhsat, izin, denetim vs. \u0130\u015fi kurmak, i\u015fi y\u00f6netmek i\u00e7in muazzam bir b\u00fcrokrasi var. Bir\u015feyi almak i\u00e7in b\u00fcrokrata gidiyorsun, ama onun eline s\u00fcrmeden alam\u0131yorsun.<\/p>\n
Memleketi Odessa olan gen\u00e7 bir delikanl\u0131, arkada\u015flar\u0131yla birlikte \u00e7ok g\u00fczel bir dereg\u00fclasyon program\u0131n\u0131 haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015f. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesine g\u00f6re, yolsuzlukla sava\u015fan yeni bir b\u00fcrokrasi olu\u015fturmak yerine serbestle\u015fme gerekiyor. B\u00f6ylece sebebi yok edilecek: ruhsat gerekmiyorsa, gidip onun i\u00e7in r\u00fc\u015fvet \u00f6demiyorsun. Bu b\u00fcrokrasiyi \u00fc\u00e7te bir, veya d\u00f6rtte bir oran\u0131nda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclt\u00fcrsek, daha etkili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flar. O zaman kalan personele \u015fuan \u00f6denen maa\u015ftan daha y\u00fcksek maa\u015f \u00f6deyebiliriz.<\/p>\n
Bu program\u0131n hayata ge\u00e7irilmesini engelleyen nedir?<\/strong><\/p>\nEkonomi ve ticaret bakan\u0131m\u0131z bu gen\u00e7le tan\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f, g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f ve yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in teklif sunmu\u015f. Ancak o reddetmi\u015f. \u015e\u00f6yle demi\u015f: \u201cEkibimle birlikte size dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k yapar\u0131m, ancak bakan yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 olmam\u201d. Bakan program\u0131 be\u011fenmi\u015f ve iyi bir yakla\u015f\u0131m oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Yani iyi niyetler vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Ancak h\u00fckumette buna sistemli olarak yakla\u015fmal\u0131y\u0131z. Ayn\u0131 anda t\u00fcm cephelerde hareket etmeliyiz. Yoksa mevcut b\u00fcrokrasi bu t\u00fcr serbestle\u015fmeleri bloke edecektir.<\/p>\n
“Ukrayna\u2019n\u0131n ekonomi mucizesinin ba\u015flamas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7ok az \u015fey laz\u0131m”<\/strong><\/p>\nDaha \u00f6nce Ukraynal\u0131lar\u0131n ekonomi mucizesini yapabileceklerini yazd\u0131n\u0131z. Ayn\u0131 zamanda bir\u00e7ok uzman, \u00fclkenin ekonomisinin \u00e7ok k\u00f6t\u00fc durumda oldu\u011funu ve\u00a0Ukrayna’n\u0131n\u00a0iflasa do\u011fru y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.\u00a0\u0130yimserli\u011finiz neye dayan\u0131yor?<\/strong><\/p>\nD\u0131\u015far\u0131dan iflasa yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyordur. Di\u011fer taraftan, Ukrayna Maliye Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile ABD Maliye Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 aras\u0131nda bir s\u00f6zle\u015fme imzaland\u0131. S\u00f6zle\u015fmeye g\u00f6re Birle\u015fik Devletler 2 milyar dolar tutar\u0131nda Ukrayna’n\u0131n kredilerini \u00f6demeyi garanti etti. Yani Ukrayna bir kurulu\u015fta 2 milyar al\u0131p \u00f6deyemezse, ABD \u00f6der. Bu \u00e7ok g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir garantidir. Avrupa Birli\u011fi de Ukrayna\u2019ya 15 milyar tutar\u0131nda yard\u0131m etmeye karar verdi.<\/p>\n
Bu y\u00fczden Ukrayna\u2019n\u0131n iflas edece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fcyorum. Ancak ekonomisinin d\u00fcze \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 biraz zaman al\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Ekonomi mucizesine gelince, ger\u00e7ekten olabilir mi?<\/strong><\/p>\nEvet, bunun i\u00e7in her\u015feyimiz var.<\/p>\n
Ne gibi?<\/strong><\/p>\nT\u00fcm gerekli do\u011fal kaynaklar\u0131m\u0131z var. Uzman ki\u015filerimiz var. Do\u011fu\u015ftan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fkan insanlar\u0131z.<\/p>\n
Ancak \u00f6nko\u015fullar da laz\u0131m. Birincisi, i\u015fimizle normal bir hayat\u00a0i\u00e7in\u00a0kazanabilmemiz. \u0130kincisi, i\u00e7 motivasyonumuzun olmas\u0131. \u0130nsanlara her seviyede belli bir \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck vermemiz laz\u0131m \u2013 neyi nas\u0131l ve\u00a0ne y\u00f6ntemle yapacaklar\u0131na kendileri karar vermeli. O zaman yapt\u0131klar\u0131 i\u015fe sahip \u00e7\u0131kacak, fantastik bir motivasyona ula\u015facaklar.<\/p>\n
Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla a\u00e7\u0131k ve net bir sahiplik kanunu, net bir mahkeme sistemi ve net oyun kurallar\u0131 olu\u015fturulmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ve bir\u00e7ok kamu i\u015fletmeleri \u00f6zel m\u00fclke \u00e7evrilmelidir. Birka\u00e7 do\u011fal tekel denilen i\u015fletme kalabilir. B\u00f6ylece Ukrayna’n\u0131n ekonomi mucizesinin olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7ok fazla \u015feye gerek yok.<\/p>\n
Peki bu mucizenin yakla\u015f\u0131k ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 s\u00fcresini s\u00f6yleyebilir misiniz?<\/strong><\/p>\nBa\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 iki y\u0131l sonra olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. Ancak \u00f6nko\u015fullar laz\u0131m. Ukrayna\u2019da total transformasyonlar yap\u0131lmal\u0131. \u00dclkenin stat\u00fcs\u00fc bile de\u011fi\u015firilmelidir. \u00dcnirer bir \u00fclke olmal\u0131, ancak b\u00fcy\u00fck bir merkeziyetsizle\u015ftirme gereklidir. Hem yarg\u0131 sistemi, hem de ekonomi sistemi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmelidir. Sosyal politika de\u011fi\u015fmelidir.<\/p>\n
Rusya ile yap\u0131lan sava\u015ftan sonra Ukrayna nas\u0131l bir \u00fclke olacak?<\/strong><\/p>\nBiz zaten bir halktan vatansever bir Ukrayna milletine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fck. Bu \u00e7ok iyi bir sonu\u00e7. Biz art\u0131k sovyet insanlara d\u00f6nemeyiz. T\u00fcm bu i\u015ften Ukrayna’n\u0131n temizlenmi\u015f \u00e7\u0131kaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyebilirim. Tabii ki \u00e7ok zay\u0131flam\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n
Ayr\u0131ca, bir daha karde\u015f bir millet olabilece\u011fimizle ilgili tekrar yan\u0131lsamalara d\u00fc\u015fmeyece\u011fimizi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum.<\/p>\n
Toprak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc korunmu\u015f olacak m\u0131?<\/strong><\/p>\nBence, evet. K\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n da er yada ge\u00e7 d\u00f6nece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. Sadece K\u0131r\u0131m Tatarlar\u0131n\u0131n sayesinde de\u011fil, ki bu \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir etken. Her kes K\u0131r\u0131m \u00d6zerk Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin hayat\u0131 Ukrayna\u2019n\u0131n i\u00e7indeyken RF s\u00fcjesinden daha iyi oldu\u011funu hat\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman d\u00f6necektir. Bu askeri bir harekat olmayacak. Her\u015fey i\u00e7ten gelecektir.<\/p>\n
Yevgeniya Mazur<\/p>\n
Kaynak:\u00a024tv.ua<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"D\u00fcnya’n\u0131n en n\u00fcfuzlu Ukraynal\u0131lardan biri olan Bohdan Hawrylyshyn \u2019\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesine g\u00f6re, Ukrayna, sadece Avrupa\u2019ya \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck etmiyor, t\u00fcm…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":263,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[45,1],"tags":[85,86,6],"class_list":["post-262","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dusunceler","category-all-news","tag-ekonomi","tag-mucize","tag-ukrayna"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n
Bohdan Hawrylyshyn: \u0130ki Y\u0131l Sonra Ukrayna\u2019da Ekonomi Mucizesi Ba\u015flar - \u0130nformNapalm'\u0131n T\u00fcrk\u00e7e versiyonu<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/tr\/bohdan-hawrylyshyn-iki-yil-sonra-ukrayna-da-ekonomi-mucizesi-baslar\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Bohdan Hawrylyshyn: \u0130ki Y\u0131l Sonra Ukrayna\u2019da Ekonomi Mucizesi Ba\u015flar - \u0130nformNapalm'\u0131n T\u00fcrk\u00e7e versiyonu\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"D\u00fcnya’n\u0131n en n\u00fcfuzlu Ukraynal\u0131lardan biri olan Bohdan Hawrylyshyn \u2019\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesine g\u00f6re, Ukrayna, sadece Avrupa\u2019ya \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck etmiyor, t\u00fcm...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/tr\/bohdan-hawrylyshyn-iki-yil-sonra-ukrayna-da-ekonomi-mucizesi-baslar\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u0130nformNapalm'\u0131n T\u00fcrk\u00e7e versiyonu\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2015-02-14T23:09:01+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2015-12-09T13:14:25+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2015\/02\/539538.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"610\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"344\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Falcon Born\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Falcon Born\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"8 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/tr\/bohdan-hawrylyshyn-iki-yil-sonra-ukrayna-da-ekonomi-mucizesi-baslar\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/tr\/bohdan-hawrylyshyn-iki-yil-sonra-ukrayna-da-ekonomi-mucizesi-baslar\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Falcon Born\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/tr\/#\/schema\/person\/0a9c5fc44a7fbf844f57e2c2fa5c4bef\"},\"headline\":\"Bohdan Hawrylyshyn: \u0130ki Y\u0131l Sonra Ukrayna\u2019da Ekonomi Mucizesi Ba\u015flar\",\"datePublished\":\"2015-02-14T23:09:01+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2015-12-09T13:14:25+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/tr\/bohdan-hawrylyshyn-iki-yil-sonra-ukrayna-da-ekonomi-mucizesi-baslar\/\"},\"wordCount\":1621,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/tr\/bohdan-hawrylyshyn-iki-yil-sonra-ukrayna-da-ekonomi-mucizesi-baslar\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2015\/02\/539538.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Ekonomi\",\"mucize\",\"Ukrayna\"],\"articleSection\":[\"D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler\",\"Haberler\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/tr\/bohdan-hawrylyshyn-iki-yil-sonra-ukrayna-da-ekonomi-mucizesi-baslar\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/tr\/bohdan-hawrylyshyn-iki-yil-sonra-ukrayna-da-ekonomi-mucizesi-baslar\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/tr\/bohdan-hawrylyshyn-iki-yil-sonra-ukrayna-da-ekonomi-mucizesi-baslar\/\",\"name\":\"Bohdan Hawrylyshyn: \u0130ki Y\u0131l Sonra Ukrayna\u2019da Ekonomi Mucizesi Ba\u015flar - 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Acaba\u00a0neden Ukrayna?<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Normal \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan etkili \u00fclkelerin d\u00f6rt ana \u00f6zelli\u011fi vard\u0131r: mutlak siyasi \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck; b\u00fct\u00fcn halk\u0131n belli ekonomik refah seviyesi \u2013 yani zenginler var, ama fakirler yok; sosyal adalet; y\u0131k\u0131m ve \u00e7evre kirlili\u011fi de\u011fil, biyosferle ortakya\u015farl\u0131k. Birka\u00e7 Avrupa \u00fclkesi hari\u00e7, \u00e7o\u011fu \u00fclkeler bu d\u00f6rt \u00f6zelli\u011fe sahip de\u011fildir. Ve bunlar\u0131 tedavi etmemiz laz\u0131m, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bir nevi hasta bunlar.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Hasta mi? Neden?<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Birinci derece hasta olan demokratik \u00fclkeler. 1948 y\u0131l\u0131nda fevkalade \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Evrensel Beyannamesi imzaland\u0131. O zaman b\u00fcy\u00fck umutlar vard\u0131. Ancak o haklar\u0131 sadece baz\u0131 \u00fclkelerin h\u00fck\u00fcmetleri sa\u011flayabilmi\u015ftir. Bu y\u00fczden b\u00fcy\u00fck hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na u\u011fram\u0131\u015flar, h\u00fckumetler ele\u015ftirilmi\u015f. Devletleri y\u00f6netmek, iktidar olmak \u00e7ok daha zor olmu\u015f. En zenginler haklar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayabilir, \u00e7o\u011fu ki\u015fi ise haklar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayamaz hale gelmi\u015fler. ABD bu durumun en belirgin \u00f6rne\u011fidir. Orada 50 milyon ki\u015fi haklar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7ok fakir, kaliteli e\u011fitime ve sa\u011fl\u0131k sistemine eri\u015fimleri yoktur. Obama bunu de\u011fi\u015ftirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131, ancak yapamad\u0131.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u00dclkelerin aras\u0131nda da ayn\u0131 durum meydana geliyor. Demokratik \u00fclkeler, herkesin o haklar beyannamesini yerine getirmesi i\u00e7in s\u00fcrekli va\u0131z veriyorlar. Ancak ABD, \u00fcr\u00fcnlerini Afrika \u00fclkelerine \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek fiyattan sat\u0131yor, \u00a0onlar\u0131n \u00fcr\u00fcnlerini de \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck fiyattan al\u0131yor, b\u00f6ylece \u00fclkeler \u00e7ok fakir kal\u0131yor. Normal h\u00fckumeti olan o birka\u00e7 \u00fclke, taze su veya sa\u011fl\u0131k korumas\u0131 gibi temel ya\u015fam haklar\u0131n\u0131 bile sa\u011flayam\u0131yorlar.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Peki Ukrayna, bunlar\u0131 tedavi edebilir, d\u00fcnya d\u00fczenini de\u011fi\u015ftirebilir mi?<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">D\u00fcnya \u00f6yle bir duruma geldi ki, herkes daha az kazanmaya, daha \u00e7ok kaybetmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu y\u00fczden herkes kazans\u0131n diye yeni paradigmaya ge\u00e7memiz gerekiyor. Bu paradigma i\u00e7in iki eleman laz\u0131m: \u0130nsan Y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri Evrensel Beyannamesi (\u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc her \u015feyi sadece devlet yapmamal\u0131) ve i\u015fbirli\u011fine ge\u00e7i\u015f (\u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc sadece rekabete dayanan ili\u015fkileri kurmak olmaz).<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Ukrayna, o d\u00fcnyan\u0131n tedavisine nas\u0131l m\u0131 yard\u0131m edebilir? Meydanda insanlara atak yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda belli hizmetler olu\u015ftu: t\u0131bbi, dini, psikolojik, e\u011fitim vs hizmetleri. Bu hizmetler tekil insanlar taraf\u0131ndan olu\u015fturuldu. Olga Bogomolets sadece \u201cYap\u0131yorum\u201d dedi. T\u0131ptan biraz anlayan di\u011fer insanlar ona kat\u0131ld\u0131lar. Ve bu i\u015f oldu. Meydana ba\u015fka bir doktor gelip, daha iyi bir \u015fekilde tedavi etmek i\u00e7in ba\u015fka bir t\u0131bbi hizmet olu\u015fturmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Orada rekabet yoktu.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0130lgin\u00e7tir ki, t\u00fcm bu hizmetler h\u00fck\u00fcmetin emriyle olu\u015fturulmam\u0131\u015f, yurtta\u015flar\u0131na ve \u00fclkesine duyulan \u00f6dev duygusu u\u011fruna yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca bir\u00e7ok ki\u015fi g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc olarak Antiter\u00f6r Operasyonuna kat\u0131ld\u0131. Kendi iradesiyle, hi\u00e7 bir emir olmadan, kendi hayat\u0131n\u0131 riske atarak kat\u0131ld\u0131lar.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Yani bizim insanlar, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ya\u015famas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi o yeni paradigmaya g\u00f6re hareket etmeye ba\u015flad\u0131lar bile. D\u00fcnya Ukrayna\u2019ya \u00e7ok yard\u0131m ediyor. Bir taraftan yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar, di\u011fer taraftan finansal yard\u0131m. Ancak biz de bu d\u00fcnyaya yard\u0131m edebiliriz, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc o bir \u00e7\u0131kmaza girmi\u015f.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Ve biz, Ukraynal\u0131lar, bu \u00e7\u0131kmazdan \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na yard\u0131m edebilir miyiz?<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Evet. Bence, her \u015feyimizde d\u00fcnyaya, Avrupa veya Amerika'ya yeti\u015fmemize gerek olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bilincine varmak bile \u00e7ok g\u00fczeldir. \u00a0Baz\u0131 \u015feylerde biz bu d\u00fcnyadan daha y\u00fcksekteyiz. Onlar bizi kopyalamal\u0131d\u0131rlar.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Bununla birlikte, Euromaidan\u2019dan sonra biraz gev\u015feyen, \u201cyeni iktidar\u0131m\u0131z var, onlar her \u015feyi halletsinler, reform yaps\u0131nlar, biz kendi hayat\u0131m\u0131za bakal\u0131m\u201d diyen pek \u00e7ok ki\u015fi ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f...<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Bence, bunu biraz farkl\u0131 y\u00f6nde yorumlayabiliriz. Bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler normal, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc insanlar reform yapam\u0131yorlard\u0131. B\u00fct\u00fcn Meydan reform yapamaz, sadece iktidara giden m\u00fcnferit insanlar yapabilir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda hala g\u00f6sterileri g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz, sava\u015fmaya giden askerler hala sava\u015f\u0131yor. Yani, insanlar \u00fclkelerine kay\u0131ts\u0131z kalam\u0131yor..<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na u\u011fruyoruz. K\u0131smen \u00e7ok h\u0131zl\u0131 olmak istediklerimiz i\u00e7in. K\u0131smen t\u00fcm hareketlerimiz mutlaka Anayasaya ve y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckteki mevzuata uygun olmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin d\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n bask\u0131s\u0131ndan dolay\u0131. Bu y\u00fczden h\u00fck\u00fcmet bir nevi iktidars\u0131z olup, b\u00fct\u00fcn reformlar\u0131 yapam\u0131yor.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>\"Toplumun h\u00fck\u00fcmete ve cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131na g\u00fcvenmesi i\u00e7in \u00e7ok iyi bilgilendirilmelidir \"<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Sizce,\u00a0h\u00fckumet\u00a0nereden ba\u015flamal\u0131d\u0131r?<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Yolsuzluktan. Farkl\u0131 yolsuzluk ara\u00e7lar\u0131 vard\u0131r. En b\u00fcy\u00fck yolsuzluk arac\u0131 da almam\u0131z gereken \u00e7ok say\u0131da ruhsat, izin, denetim vs. \u0130\u015fi kurmak, i\u015fi y\u00f6netmek i\u00e7in muazzam bir b\u00fcrokrasi var. Bir\u015feyi almak i\u00e7in b\u00fcrokrata gidiyorsun, ama onun eline s\u00fcrmeden alam\u0131yorsun.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Memleketi Odessa olan gen\u00e7 bir delikanl\u0131, arkada\u015flar\u0131yla birlikte \u00e7ok g\u00fczel bir dereg\u00fclasyon program\u0131n\u0131 haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015f. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesine g\u00f6re, yolsuzlukla sava\u015fan yeni bir b\u00fcrokrasi olu\u015fturmak yerine serbestle\u015fme gerekiyor. B\u00f6ylece sebebi yok edilecek: ruhsat gerekmiyorsa, gidip onun i\u00e7in r\u00fc\u015fvet \u00f6demiyorsun. Bu b\u00fcrokrasiyi \u00fc\u00e7te bir, veya d\u00f6rtte bir oran\u0131nda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclt\u00fcrsek, daha etkili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flar. O zaman kalan personele \u015fuan \u00f6denen maa\u015ftan daha y\u00fcksek maa\u015f \u00f6deyebiliriz.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Bu program\u0131n hayata ge\u00e7irilmesini engelleyen nedir?<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Ekonomi ve ticaret bakan\u0131m\u0131z bu gen\u00e7le tan\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f, g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f ve yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in teklif sunmu\u015f. Ancak o reddetmi\u015f. \u015e\u00f6yle demi\u015f: \u201cEkibimle birlikte size dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k yapar\u0131m, ancak bakan yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 olmam\u201d. Bakan program\u0131 be\u011fenmi\u015f ve iyi bir yakla\u015f\u0131m oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Yani iyi niyetler vard\u0131r.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Ancak h\u00fckumette buna sistemli olarak yakla\u015fmal\u0131y\u0131z. Ayn\u0131 anda t\u00fcm cephelerde hareket etmeliyiz. Yoksa mevcut b\u00fcrokrasi bu t\u00fcr serbestle\u015fmeleri bloke edecektir.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>\"Ukrayna\u2019n\u0131n ekonomi mucizesinin ba\u015flamas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7ok az \u015fey laz\u0131m\"<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Daha \u00f6nce Ukraynal\u0131lar\u0131n ekonomi mucizesini yapabileceklerini yazd\u0131n\u0131z. Ayn\u0131 zamanda bir\u00e7ok uzman, \u00fclkenin ekonomisinin \u00e7ok k\u00f6t\u00fc durumda oldu\u011funu ve\u00a0Ukrayna'n\u0131n\u00a0iflasa do\u011fru y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.\u00a0\u0130yimserli\u011finiz neye dayan\u0131yor?<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">D\u0131\u015far\u0131dan iflasa yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyordur. Di\u011fer taraftan, Ukrayna Maliye Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile ABD Maliye Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 aras\u0131nda bir s\u00f6zle\u015fme imzaland\u0131. S\u00f6zle\u015fmeye g\u00f6re Birle\u015fik Devletler 2 milyar dolar tutar\u0131nda Ukrayna'n\u0131n kredilerini \u00f6demeyi garanti etti. Yani Ukrayna bir kurulu\u015fta 2 milyar al\u0131p \u00f6deyemezse, ABD \u00f6der. Bu \u00e7ok g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir garantidir. Avrupa Birli\u011fi de Ukrayna\u2019ya 15 milyar tutar\u0131nda yard\u0131m etmeye karar verdi.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Bu y\u00fczden Ukrayna\u2019n\u0131n iflas edece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fcyorum. Ancak ekonomisinin d\u00fcze \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 biraz zaman al\u0131r.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Ekonomi mucizesine gelince, ger\u00e7ekten olabilir mi?<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Evet, bunun i\u00e7in her\u015feyimiz var.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Ne gibi?<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">T\u00fcm gerekli do\u011fal kaynaklar\u0131m\u0131z var. Uzman ki\u015filerimiz var. Do\u011fu\u015ftan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fkan insanlar\u0131z.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Ancak \u00f6nko\u015fullar da laz\u0131m. Birincisi, i\u015fimizle normal bir hayat\u00a0i\u00e7in\u00a0kazanabilmemiz. \u0130kincisi, i\u00e7 motivasyonumuzun olmas\u0131. \u0130nsanlara her seviyede belli bir \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck vermemiz laz\u0131m \u2013 neyi nas\u0131l ve\u00a0ne y\u00f6ntemle yapacaklar\u0131na kendileri karar vermeli. O zaman yapt\u0131klar\u0131 i\u015fe sahip \u00e7\u0131kacak, fantastik bir motivasyona ula\u015facaklar.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla a\u00e7\u0131k ve net bir sahiplik kanunu, net bir mahkeme sistemi ve net oyun kurallar\u0131 olu\u015fturulmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ve bir\u00e7ok kamu i\u015fletmeleri \u00f6zel m\u00fclke \u00e7evrilmelidir. Birka\u00e7 do\u011fal tekel denilen i\u015fletme kalabilir. B\u00f6ylece Ukrayna'n\u0131n ekonomi mucizesinin olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7ok fazla \u015feye gerek yok.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Peki bu mucizenin yakla\u015f\u0131k ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 s\u00fcresini s\u00f6yleyebilir misiniz?<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 iki y\u0131l sonra olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. Ancak \u00f6nko\u015fullar laz\u0131m. Ukrayna\u2019da total transformasyonlar yap\u0131lmal\u0131. \u00dclkenin stat\u00fcs\u00fc bile de\u011fi\u015firilmelidir. \u00dcnirer bir \u00fclke olmal\u0131, ancak b\u00fcy\u00fck bir merkeziyetsizle\u015ftirme gereklidir. Hem yarg\u0131 sistemi, hem de ekonomi sistemi de\u011fi\u015ftirilmelidir. Sosyal politika de\u011fi\u015fmelidir.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Rusya ile yap\u0131lan sava\u015ftan sonra Ukrayna nas\u0131l bir \u00fclke olacak?<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Biz zaten bir halktan vatansever bir Ukrayna milletine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fck. Bu \u00e7ok iyi bir sonu\u00e7. Biz art\u0131k sovyet insanlara d\u00f6nemeyiz. T\u00fcm bu i\u015ften Ukrayna'n\u0131n temizlenmi\u015f \u00e7\u0131kaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyebilirim. Tabii ki \u00e7ok zay\u0131flam\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Ayr\u0131ca, bir daha karde\u015f bir millet olabilece\u011fimizle ilgili tekrar yan\u0131lsamalara d\u00fc\u015fmeyece\u011fimizi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Toprak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc korunmu\u015f olacak m\u0131?<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Bence, evet. K\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n da er yada ge\u00e7 d\u00f6nece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. Sadece K\u0131r\u0131m Tatarlar\u0131n\u0131n sayesinde de\u011fil, ki bu \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir etken. Her kes K\u0131r\u0131m \u00d6zerk Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin hayat\u0131 Ukrayna\u2019n\u0131n i\u00e7indeyken RF s\u00fcjesinden daha iyi oldu\u011funu hat\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman d\u00f6necektir. Bu askeri bir harekat olmayacak. Her\u015fey i\u00e7ten gelecektir.<\/p>\r\nYevgeniya Mazur\r\n\r\nKaynak:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/24tv.ua\/\">24tv.ua<\/a>","amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/262","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=262"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/262\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":758,"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/262\/revisions\/758"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/263"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=262"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=262"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/informnapalm.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=262"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}